BackgroundGrowth differentiation factor （GDF）-15, a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta super-family does appear to be up-regulated in response to experimental pressure overload and progression o...BackgroundGrowth differentiation factor （GDF）-15, a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta super-family does appear to be up-regulated in response to experimental pressure overload and progression of heart failure （HF）. HF frequently develops after myocardial infarction （MI）, contributing to worse outcome. The aim of this study is to assess the correlation between GDF-15 levels and markers related to collagen turnover in different stages of HF.MethodsThe study consists of a cohort of 179 patients, including stable angina pectoris patients （AP group,n= 50）, old MI patients without HF （OMI group,n = 56）, old MI patients with HF （OMI-HF group,n= 38） and normal Control group （n = 35）. Both indicators reflecting the synthesis and degradation rates of collagen including precollagen I N-terminal peptide （PINP）, type I collagen carboxy-terminal peptide （ICTP）, precollagen III N-terminal peptide （PIIINP） and GDF-15 were measured using an enzyme-linked inmunosorbent assay.ResultsThe plasma GDF-15 level was higher in OMI-HF group （1373.4 ± 275.4 ng/L） than OMI group （1036.1 ± 248.6 ng/L）, AP group （784.6 ± 222.4 ng/L） and Control group （483.8 ± 186.4 ng/L） （P〈 0.001）. The indi-cators of collagen turnover （ICTP, PINP, PIIINP） all increased in the OMI-HF group compared with Control group （3.03 ± 1.02μg/Lvs. 2.08 ± 0.95μg/L, 22.2 ± 6.6μg/Lvs. 16.7 ± 5.1μg/L and 13.2 ± 7.9μg/Lvs. 6.4 ± 2.1μg/L, respectively;P〈 0.01）. GDF-15 positively cor-related with ICTP and PIIINP （r = 0.302,P〈 0.001 andr= 0.206,P= 0.006, respectively）. GDF-15 positively correlated to the echocardio-graphic diastolic indicators E/Em and left atrial pressure （r= 0.349 and r= 0.358, respectively;P〈 0.01）, and inversely correlated to the systolic indicators left ventricular ejection fraction and the average of peak systolic myocardial velocities （Sm） （r=-0.623 and r=-0.365, respectively;P〈 0.01）.ConclusionPlasma GDF-15 is associated with the indicators of type I and III collagen turnover.展开更多
The properties of summer radiation and aerosols were studied at Xinzhou,a suburban site on the North China Plain(NCP)by using ground-based measurements in 2014.The radiation detections under clear and cloudy skies sho...The properties of summer radiation and aerosols were studied at Xinzhou,a suburban site on the North China Plain(NCP)by using ground-based measurements in 2014.The radiation detections under clear and cloudy skies showed that longwave radiation presented a sigmate pattern,with a maximum of 392.6 W m-2at 1700 local standard time(LST)associated with the cloud radiative forcing,and a minimum of 360.0 W m-2at 0600 LST when the lowest surface temperature(17.1°C)occurred.Solar radiation,including global,direct,diffuse,photosynthetically active,ultraviolet-A,and ultraviolet-B,exhibited a single peak at^1300 LST.A bimodal size distribution,with fine mode aerosols showing a peak between 0.1 and 0.2μm and coarse mode aerosols showing a peak at^5μm,was observed at Xinzhou.The dominant aerosol type was black carbon coating on coarse particles(85.7%)for the cases with aerosol optical depth at 400 nm(AOD)greater than 0.4,leading to a lower single scattering albedo(0.81)than the typical value(~0.90)at the other stations on the NCP.The mean values of EAE and AAE(extinction and absorption?ngstr?m exponent,respectively)were 1.14±0.15 and 0.58±0.28 for the aerosol measurements.The average of instantaneous aerosol direct radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere was-138.9±33.0 W m-2for the cases with AOD>0.4.The results in this study are expected to improve understanding at suburban sites on the NCP of aerosol properties and their impacts on regional radiation budgets.展开更多
基金All authors have no conflict of interest regarding this paper. This work was supported by Grant National Natural Science Foundation of China （81400262） ＆ Backbone Fund of Peking University Third Hospital.
文摘BackgroundGrowth differentiation factor （GDF）-15, a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta super-family does appear to be up-regulated in response to experimental pressure overload and progression of heart failure （HF）. HF frequently develops after myocardial infarction （MI）, contributing to worse outcome. The aim of this study is to assess the correlation between GDF-15 levels and markers related to collagen turnover in different stages of HF.MethodsThe study consists of a cohort of 179 patients, including stable angina pectoris patients （AP group,n= 50）, old MI patients without HF （OMI group,n = 56）, old MI patients with HF （OMI-HF group,n= 38） and normal Control group （n = 35）. Both indicators reflecting the synthesis and degradation rates of collagen including precollagen I N-terminal peptide （PINP）, type I collagen carboxy-terminal peptide （ICTP）, precollagen III N-terminal peptide （PIIINP） and GDF-15 were measured using an enzyme-linked inmunosorbent assay.ResultsThe plasma GDF-15 level was higher in OMI-HF group （1373.4 ± 275.4 ng/L） than OMI group （1036.1 ± 248.6 ng/L）, AP group （784.6 ± 222.4 ng/L） and Control group （483.8 ± 186.4 ng/L） （P〈 0.001）. The indi-cators of collagen turnover （ICTP, PINP, PIIINP） all increased in the OMI-HF group compared with Control group （3.03 ± 1.02μg/Lvs. 2.08 ± 0.95μg/L, 22.2 ± 6.6μg/Lvs. 16.7 ± 5.1μg/L and 13.2 ± 7.9μg/Lvs. 6.4 ± 2.1μg/L, respectively;P〈 0.01）. GDF-15 positively cor-related with ICTP and PIIINP （r = 0.302,P〈 0.001 andr= 0.206,P= 0.006, respectively）. GDF-15 positively correlated to the echocardio-graphic diastolic indicators E/Em and left atrial pressure （r= 0.349 and r= 0.358, respectively;P〈 0.01）, and inversely correlated to the systolic indicators left ventricular ejection fraction and the average of peak systolic myocardial velocities （Sm） （r=-0.623 and r=-0.365, respectively;P〈 0.01）.ConclusionPlasma GDF-15 is associated with the indicators of type I and III collagen turnover.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China grant number 2017YFA0603504the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant number 41875183。
文摘The properties of summer radiation and aerosols were studied at Xinzhou,a suburban site on the North China Plain(NCP)by using ground-based measurements in 2014.The radiation detections under clear and cloudy skies showed that longwave radiation presented a sigmate pattern,with a maximum of 392.6 W m-2at 1700 local standard time(LST)associated with the cloud radiative forcing,and a minimum of 360.0 W m-2at 0600 LST when the lowest surface temperature(17.1°C)occurred.Solar radiation,including global,direct,diffuse,photosynthetically active,ultraviolet-A,and ultraviolet-B,exhibited a single peak at^1300 LST.A bimodal size distribution,with fine mode aerosols showing a peak between 0.1 and 0.2μm and coarse mode aerosols showing a peak at^5μm,was observed at Xinzhou.The dominant aerosol type was black carbon coating on coarse particles(85.7%)for the cases with aerosol optical depth at 400 nm(AOD)greater than 0.4,leading to a lower single scattering albedo(0.81)than the typical value(~0.90)at the other stations on the NCP.The mean values of EAE and AAE(extinction and absorption?ngstr?m exponent,respectively)were 1.14±0.15 and 0.58±0.28 for the aerosol measurements.The average of instantaneous aerosol direct radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere was-138.9±33.0 W m-2for the cases with AOD>0.4.The results in this study are expected to improve understanding at suburban sites on the NCP of aerosol properties and their impacts on regional radiation budgets.
