含水率变动范围较大单板的胶合方法

含水率变动范围较大单板的胶合方法刘光远，陈红，时君友，张士诚，柏庚（吉林林学院吉林市１３２０１１）目前胶合板生产中使用的甲醛类胶粘剂，要达到优良的胶合效果，必须对所用的单板进行充分干燥，通常单板含水率应控制在１２％以下。但是，原木中水分范围较大，加上...

胶合透镜法在LiNbO_3:Fe晶体中制作光折变光子晶格

研究了一种制作光折变光子晶格的新方法——胶合透镜法。利用此方法在LiNbO3∶Fe晶体中成功的制作了一维和二维光折变光子晶格。同时,对实验现象和实验原理进行分析得到,此种方法不仅可以得到较大面积的干涉区域从而可以制作出较大面积光折变光子晶格,此外这种方法可以实现晶格周期的连续调节,进而可以根据需求制作不同周期的光折变光子晶格。在实验中也验证了这种方法的优点与可行性,这对光子晶格的制作与研究有一定的意义。

汽车用装饰复合织物加工方法

1 火焰胶合法在过去25年中生产车用厚织物的首选方法是火焰胶合法。车用厚织物一般用织物和泡沫层压而成,在泡沫背面通常层压一层稀布或薄膜,以减少泡沫磨损。汽车座垫、顶篷内衬、扶手、门嵌镶板、遮阳板及其它车内装饰件都采用这种厚织物。泡沫厚度一般为1/8～1/2英寸,外层织物则有较好柔软手感和漂亮外观。估计全球目前正在运行中的火焰胶合设备超过250台套。其特点是生产成本低。

单板厚度对杨木单板层积材强度性能的影响

单板厚度是影响单板层积材 (英文缩写 L VL )强度性能的主要因素之一。在同样的工艺条件下 ,单板越厚 ,L VL的剪断强度越低、剥离率越高。冷压胶合制造非结构单板层积材时 ,建议采用 4 mm厚的单板。

Influence of pH value and chelating reagent on performance of Li_3V_2(PO_4)3/C cathode material

The Li3V2（PO4）3/C composite cathode material was synthesized via sol-gel method using three different chelating agents （citric acid, salicylic acid and polyacrylic acid） at pH value of 3 or 7. The crystal structure, morphology, specific surface area and electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, cyclic voltammetry （CV）, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and galvanostatic charge/discharge test. The results show that the effects of pH value on the performance of the prepared materials are greatly related to the chelating agents. With salicylic acid or polyacrylic acid as the chelating reagent, the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of the samples are greatly influenced by the pH values. However, the structure of the materials with citric acid as the chelating agent does not change as pH value changes, and the materials own uniform particle size distribution and good electrochemical performance. It delivers an initial discharge capacity of 113.58 mA·h/g at 10C, remaining as high as 108.48 mA·h/g after 900 cycles, with a capacity retention of 95.51%.

A Novel Approach to Synthesizing Porous ZnO Films: Inorganic Chelating Sol-Gel Method

Porous ZnO films are synthesized by inorganic chelating sol-gel method,which is a novel sol-gel technique using zinc nitrate as starting materials and citric acid as the chelating reagent.The crystal structure,surface morphology,porous and optical properties of the deposited films are investigated.X-ray diffraction pattern analysis shows that crystal structure of the ZnO films is hexagonal wurtzite.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the ZnO film is porous.The curve of pore size distribution has two peak values at about 2.02nm and 4.97nm and BET surface area of the ZnO film is 27.57m2/g.In addition,the transmittance spectrum gives a high transmittance of 85% in the visible region and optical bandgap of the ZnO film (fired at 500℃) is 3.25eV.

Surface modification of NiTi alloy by sol-gel derived porous TiO_(2)film

Titania films with nano-sized pores were prepared on the NaOH？HCl pretreated NiTi alloy substrate by sol？gel method.A crack-free film is obtained for the sample with a dense inner layer and a porous outside layer（sample TC1＋1）.The X-ray diffraction shows that the titania films are composed of anatase,and a little Ni4Ti3 phase in the heat treated substrate is also detected.The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicate that the titania film completely covered the NiTi substrate for sample TC1＋1.The sample TC1＋1 is hydrophilic with a contact angle about 20°,and UV illumination treatment for 15 min further decreases the contact angle to（9.2±3.2）°.The potentiodynamic polarization test in 0.9% NaCl solution reveals a better corrosion resistance of sample TC1＋1 than the polished NiTi sample.

油厂胶带输送机橡胶带的快速连接与修补

油厂油料和饼粕的输送较多地使用移动式和固定式胶带输送机。具有牵引和承重双重功能的橡胶带是胶带输送机最重要和价值最高的部件。由于其必须连接成一个整体,再加上运行时间过长,材料疲劳、磨损等原因会产生脱胶、张口、撕裂拉断等故障,需要及时修补。传统的连接与修补采用机械法和热硫化胶合法,因缺点较多,已被冷粘法取代。近年来快粘法又应运而生,大有取代冷粘法而成为连接和修补的主流。介绍了传统连接与修补的方法及其优缺点,并对冷粘法及快粘法的加工工艺进行了介绍,分析了它们的优缺点。重点对快粘法连接及修补工艺的具体操作进行了介绍,建议业内同仁们推广应用。

聚乙烯/镁合金复合材料层合板的制备及辊压机理研究

采用常温下的胶合-辊压制备法,制备出由覆层增强体镁合金(AZ31B)以及基体聚乙烯(PE)组成的"三明治式"复合材料层合板。探究了制备过程中施压静置压力、施压静置时间、辊压过程压下量对辊压过程中轧制力变化规律的影响;通过"咬入敲击法"和二次轧制,获得了层合板的刚度以及成品层合板二次轧制加工中的弹性回复率与覆层增强板和基板分别对压下量的贡献率。结果表明,层合板在辊压过程中,"咬入"过程轧制力会存在瞬间升高的冲击效果,"咬出"过程轧制力会缓慢卸载;施压阶段中的静置时间与静置压力对辊压过程中的轧制力变化有一定的影响;在二次轧制过程中,轧制力会随着压下量的增加而变大,但轧制力提升速率会随着压下量的增加逐步变小且设定压下量对层合板的弹性回复率、各组分压下贡献率与轧制效果均存在一定的影响。

Sol-gel synthesis and photoluminescence of LaPO_4:Eu^(3+) nanorods

Monoclinic LaPO4 nanostructures with uniform rod shape have been successfully synthesized by a simple sol-gel method.The procedure involves formation of homogeneous,transparent,metal-citrate-EDTA gel precursors,followed by calcination to promote thermal decomposition of the gel precursors to yield the LaPO4 nanoparticles.Their morphologies and structures were characterized by XRD,TEM,TG-DSC and HRTEM.The results indicate that single monoclinic phase LaPO4 nanorods are readily obtained at 800 ℃ within 3 h.Furthermore,photoluminescence(PL) characterization of the Eu3+-doped LaPO4 nanocrystals was carried out.The effects of calcination temperatures and Eu3+ doping content on the PL properties were elaborated in detail.Room-temperature photoluminescence(PL) characterization reveals that the optical brightness as well as the intensity ratio of 5D0-7F1 to 5D0-7F2 is highly dependent on the calcination temperature,and the Eu0.05La0.95PO4 nanophosphor shows the relatively promising PL performance with the most intense emission.

Structure,morphology and opto-magnetic properties of Bi_2MoO_6 nano-photocatalyst synthesized by sol-gel method

Bismuth molybdate （Bi2MoO6） nano-particles （NPs） were synthesized using bismuth nitrate, ammonium molybdate, citric acid and ethyl cellulose by a simple sol-gel method. The structure, morphology, opto-magnetic and photocatalytic properties of the obtained powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectra, high resolution scanning electron microscopy （HRSEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）, photoluminescence （PL） spectra and vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） techniques. The XRD, FT-IR and EDX results indicate that the resultant powder is pure and single phase crystalline Bi2MoO6 with orthorhombic structure. The HRSEM image shows that the morphology of obtained powder consists with well defined nano-particles structure. The VSM results show superparamagnetic behavior of the obtained nano-particles. The photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6 nano-particles was performed. The addition of TiO2 catalyst enhances the photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6 nano-particles. The catalysts Bi2MoO6, TiO2 and mixed oxide catalyst Bi2MoO6-TiO2 nano-composites （NCs） were tested for the photocatalytic degradation （PCD） of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP）. It is found that the PCD efficiency of Bi2MoO6-TiO2 NCs is higher than that of pure Bi2MoO6 and TiO2 catalysts.

Er^(3+)-activated silica inverse opals synthesized by the solgel method

We present the details of the sol-gel processing used to realize inverse silica opal,where the silica was activated with 0.3 mol% of Er3+ ions. The template(direct opal) was obtained assembling polystyrene spheres of the dimensions of 260 nm by means of a vertical deposition technique. The Er3+-activated silica inverse opal was obtained infiltrating,into the void of the template,the silica sol doped with Er3+ ions and subsequently removing the polystyrene spheres by means of calcinations. Scanning electron microscope showed that the inverse opals possess a fcc structure with a air hollows of about 210 nm and a photonic band gap,in the visible range,was observed from reflectance measurements. Spectroscopic properties of Er3+-activated silica inverse opal were investigated by luminescence spectroscopy,where,upon excitation at 514.5 nm,an emission of 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 of Er3+ ions transition with a 21 nm bandwidth was observed. Moreover the 4I13/2 level decay curve presents a single-exponential profile,with a measured lifetime of 18 ms,corresponding a high quantum efficiency of the system.

Preparation and properties of PEO/LiClO_4/KH560-SiO_2 composite polymer electrolyte by sol-gel composite-in-situ method

Composite polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide(PEO) were prepared by using LiClO4 as doping salt and silane-modified SiO2 as filler. SiO2 was formed in-situ in (PEO)8LiClO4 matrix by the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of Si(OC4H9)4. The crystallinity,morphology and ionic conductivity of composite polymer electrolyte films were examined by differential scanning calorimetry,scanning electron microscopy,atom force microscopy and alternating current impedance spectroscopy,respectively. Compared with the crystallinity of the unmodified SiO2 as inert filler,that of composite polymer electrolytes is decreased. The results show that silane-modified SiO2 particles are uniformly dispersed in (PEO)8LiClO4 composite polymer electrolyte film and the addition of silane-modified SiO2 increases the ionic conductivity of the (PEO)8LiClO4 more noticeably. When the mass fraction of SiO2 is about 10%,the conductivity of (PEO)8LiClO4-modified SiO2 attains a maximum value of 4.8×10-5 S·cm-1.

Preparation and Characterization of M-Type Barium Ferrite Fibers via Aqueous Sol-Gel Process

BaFe12O19 fibers was prepared via an aqueous sol-gel process using Fe（OH）（HCOO）2 synthesized in laboratory and Ba（CH3COO）2 as the original materials and citrate as the chelate. The rheological behaviour of spinnable sol was characterized on rheometer, and the development of gel fibers to barium ferrite fibers was studied by IR, TG and XRD. Morphology observation of the fibers was given on SEM, and the diameter of the obtained fibers was between 5 and 10 um corresponding to different additives. The additives affected the surface tension of the precursor sol which had close relation to the microstructure of fibers. Sucrose and hydroxyethylic cellulose could improve the surface tension while diethanolamine and hexadecylamine reduce that of the decylamine as an additive, well-structured BaFe12O19 precursor sol. And using diethanolamine or hexafibers could be obtained.

Nanosized copper powders prepared by gel-casting method and their application in lubricating oil

Nanosized copper powders were prepared by a gel-casting method using copper nitrate, acrylamide（AM） and N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide（MBAM） as the main raw materials. The as-prepared copper powders were characterized by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy, and then added into a 48# industrial white oil. Dispersion and wear properties of the compounded lubricating oil were tested. The results show that the copper powders prepared are of high purity, fine dispersibility with mean particle size of about 60 nm and with a narrow particle size distribution. The nanosized copper powders can be well dispersed in the lubricating oil. The addition of the copper powders obviously improves the anti-wear properties of the lubricating oil owing to their good self-repairing performance. Compared with 48# industrial white lubricating oil, the friction coefficient of GCr15 steel with the compounded oil containing 0.6% copper powders reduces by 0.07 and nearly no wear chippings are found in the scratches of the friction counter parts.

Synthesis and Characterization of Sol-Gel Derived MgO/CNTs Nanocomposite

In this research, synthesis of magnesium oxide-multi walled carbon nanotube （MgO/MWCNTs） nanocomposite is reported using sol-gel method in which magnesium nitrate is added to aqueous solution. The structure of MWCNTs and MgO/MWCNTs composite has been characterized by analyzing the X-ray diffraction pattern （XRD）, Fourier Transform Infrared （FT-IR） spectra and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） images. Experimental results indicate that the surface of purified MWCNTs sample is covered homogenously by a layered of MgO nanoparticles.

Preparation and Application of the Sol–Gel Combustion Synthesis-Made CaO/CaZrO_3 Sorbent for Cyclic CO_2 Capture Through the Severe Calcination Condition

Calcium looping method has been considered as one of the efficient options to capture C02 in the combustion Ilue gas. CaO-based sorbent is the basis for application of calcium looping and should be subjected to the severe calcination condition so as to obtain the concentrated C02 stream. In this research, CaO/CaZrO3 sorbents were synthesized using the sol-gel combustion synthesis （SGCS） method with urea as fuel. The cyclic reaction performance of the synthesized sorbents was evaluated on a lab-scaled reactor system through calcination at 950 ℃ in a pure C02 atmosphere and carbonation at 650 ℃ in the 15% （by volume） C02. The mass ratio of CaO to CaZr03 as 8：2 （designated as CasZr2） was screened as the best option among all the synthesized CaO sorbents for its high CO2 capture capacity and carbonation conversion at the initial cycle. And then a gradual decay in the C02 capture capacity was observed at the following 10 successive cycles, but hereafter stabilized throughout the later cycles. Furthermore, structural evolution of the carbonated CasZr2 over the looping cycles was investigated. With increasing looping cycles, the pore peak and mean grain size of the carbonated CasZr2 sorbent shifted to the bigger direction but both the surface area （SA） ratio and surface fractal dimension Ds decreased. Finally, morphological transformation of the carbonated CasZr2 was observed. Agglomeration and edge rounding of the newly formed CaC03 grains were found as aggravated at the cyclic carbonation stage. As a result, carbonation of CasZr2 with C02 was observed only confined to the external active CaO by the fast formation of the CaC03 shell outside, which occluded the further carbonation of the unreacted CaO inside. Therefore, enough attention should be paid to the carbonation stage and more effective activation measures should be explored to ensure the unreacted active CaO fully carbonatPd river the extended Ioonin cycles.

Crack initiation rate of brittle rock under thermal-hydro-mechanical coupling condition

A calculation formula of thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM)coupling crack initiation rate for brittle rock was derived based on the energy conservation law.The self-designed THM coupling fracture test with conductive adhesive electrical measurement method was applied to measuring the THM coupling crack propagation rate of brittle rock continuously.Research results show that both calculation and test results of crack initiation rate increased with increase of the temperature and the hydraulic pressure.They are almost in good agreement,which can prove validity of the calculation formula of THM coupling crack initiation rate.

Synthesis of CaCu_3Ti_4O_(12)powders and ceramics by sol-gel method using decanedioic acid and its dielectric properties

The CaCu3Ti4O12 xerogels, powders and ceramics were prepared through the sol-gel method using two kinds of organic acid （decanoic acid and decanedioic acid）. The xerogels, powders and ceramics were characterized by the methods of TG-DTG, FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM. The dielectric properties of the ceramics were also measured. The results indicated that the powders calcined at 850 ℃ for 2 h are both nanometer scale particles. After sintering, the ceramics mainly consist of the CaCu3Ti4O12 phase. Compared with the powders prepared using monoacid, the particle size of the powders prepared using diacid obviously increases, and the grain size, the relative density and the whole permittivity of the ceramics increase as well. Specially, the ceramic prepared using decanedioic acid has higher relative density （97.3%）, dielectric constant （316 808） and lower dielectric loss （0.242 5） at 30 ℃ （10 kIaz）