安徽省自主创新模式的选择——基于自主创新能力的研究

自主创新能力是影响自主创新模式选择的基础性因素,合适的自主创新模式有利于自主创新能力的提升。鉴于自主创新能力和创新模式的双向影响关系,文章立足于安徽省自主创新能力的现状和潜在优势,分别从静态的创新能力势差和动态的创新能力演进两个角度研究了安徽省自主创新模式的选择,旨在探索与安徽创新能力相匹配的创新模式,以促进安徽创新能力的进一步提升。

态势图中几种“势”的表征方法

态势中"势"是当前战场的局势以及未来发展的趋势,对战场上指挥员快速精确的决策有着至关重要的作用。对"势"模型及其可视化的研究迫在眉睫,战场"势"可以大致分为3种,能力势、效能势和战局势。以这3种类型为基础分别针对几种典型"势"建立模型并表征。能力势选取通信以及干扰能力势,利用人工势场模型建模;效能势中以通信组网效能势为例,提出了适合于多种效能评估的雷达图模型;战局势中建立了基于热力图的区域竞争关系模型,对敌我双方区域内兵力分布进行了可视化展现。

技术转移动因研究

本文针对现有技术转移动因研究中存在的不足，提出并规范了技术势和能力势的概念，并理顺了能力势与技术势的关系，分析技术转移过程中的能力势和技术势的形成原因，并以此解释了国际间双向技术转移的动因。

产业集群学习的路径及内在机理分析

集群学习能力是形成产业集群强大竞争优势的基础。为进一步发挥产业集群的学习效应,提升集群优势,从集群学习内涵的界定入手,分析产业集群内部及外部学习路径。集群的内部学习主要包括来自于企业与竞争对手、企业与供应商、企业与客户以及企业与中介机构之间的学习,外部学习包括与集群外部大学、研究机构等的学习。最后从利益共同体、技术能力势差和政府等角度分析了产业集群学习能力形成与提升的内在机理。

Snakes外力场的改进及其左心室MRI的精确分割

参数活动轮廓模型(Snakes)分割图像时有两个明显的缺陷:要求初始轮廓线位于图像特征附近,且对深度凹陷区域的分割也不理想。基于梯度向量流(GVF)Snakes较好地解决了传统Snakes的两个本质缺陷。但是,由于GVF Snakes内力的性质和GVF的光滑性,使得对曲率大的边缘点不能精确定位。该文通过采用各向异性方程对图像扩散平滑和边缘增强,改善计算势能力场和梯度向量力场指向边缘的精确度。两种力场的有机组合作为Snakes的外力场。这种新的力场Snakes具有GVF Snakes和势能力场Snakes的优点,对左心室核磁共振图像(MRI)进行分割能得到精确的边缘轮廓。

一种改进的Snake眼睛边缘检测算法

提出了一种应用于彩色图像的改进的Snake眼睛边缘检测算法。该算法首先将输入图像从RGB空间转换到YCbCr和YCb′Cr′空间,依据肤色点在Cb′Cr′空间中的聚类性提取人脸候选区域;然后通过在人脸候选区域上生成眼睛图(EyeMap)提取眼睛候选区域并计算候选区域Cr2图像的距离势能力场。采用两段首尾相连的抛物线进行初始化并从外部对Cr2图像的距离势能力场进行活动轮廓模型(Snake)匹配,在匹配过程中不断进行修正使检测结果更接近真实边缘。实验结果证明,该算法能精确地检测出眼睛的边缘并节省匹配时间。

先验形状力场参数活动轮廓模型及其医学图像分割

先验形状参数活动轮廓模型是一种抗噪声干扰稳定的图像分割方法·它具有对弱边缘、凹区域进行分割的能力,同时有较大的边缘捕捉范围·通过引入一种非距离性的先验形状力场,构建一种新的能反映先验形状的参数活动轮廓模型·新的先验形状活动轮廓模型避免了曲线之间距离的计算,减少了模型的复杂性·新的方法可以较好地解决传统型参数活动轮廓模型的一些本质缺陷·实验对带噪声且为弱边缘的医学CT图像和超声图像进行分割能得到理想的边缘轮廓·

A method based on potential theory for calculating air ca formation of an air cavity resistance reduction ship

This research is intended to provide academic reference and design guidance for further studies to determine the most effective means to reduce a ship’s resistance through an air-cavity. On the basis of potential theory and on the assumption of an ideal and irrotational fluid, this paper drives a method for calculating air cavity formation using slender ship theory then points out the parameters directly related to the formation of air cavities and their interrelationships. Simulations showed that the formation of an air cavity is affected by cavitation number, velocity, groove geometry and groove size. When the ship’s velocity and groove structure are given, the cavitation number must be within range to form a steady air cavity. The interface between air and water forms a wave shape and could be adjusted by an air injection system.

High-precision gravity correction methods for loess plateau areas, a case study

The loess plateau is featured by a sharply undulated and remarkably incised surface. The sharp surface undulation means great variation of loess thickness. Since the loess layer exhibits significant density contrast with the underlying formation, a high frequency gravity anomaly with a certain magnitude will appear. The high frequency gravity anomaly can result in some difficulties for processing and interpreting the gravity data, thereby reducing the usefulness of gravity surveys in loess plateau areas. We carried out a high precision gravity survey in the SHJZ structural zone. During data processing, we applied terrain and loess corrections to effectively remove or suppress the gravity effect resulting from surface undulation and variation of loess thickness. We obtained high precision gravity data which matches well with other geophysical data. The comprehensive interpretation based on the final gravity data help to study local structure integrated with other published geophysical data.

A Quantum Wavepacket Study of State-to-State Photodissociation Dynamics of HOBr/DOBr

Photodissociation of HOBr is an important step in the reaction network of the depletion of ozone in stratosphere.Here,we report the first three-dimensional potential energy surfaces for the lowest three singlet states for HOBr,based on high level multi reference configuration interaction calculations.Quantum dynamics calculations are performed with a real wavepacket method,yielding not only absorption spectra but also internal state and angular distributions of the photodissociation fragments.Our results agree quantitatively with the measured total absorption cross sections of HOBr in the ultraviolet region and reproduce well the observed vibrationally cold and rotationally hot OH/OD fragments via photodissociation of HOBr/DOBr at 266 nm.In addition,we predict that the recoil anisotropy parameters for OH/OD are close to the limiting value of a parallel transition,suggesting a rapid dissociation process at 266 nm following an in-plane transition from the ground state(1^1A')to the 21A'state.This is consistent with the experimental conclusion derived from the measured rotational alignment.However,spin and electronic angular momenta need to be taken into account in the future to achieve a more quantitative agreement with experiment.Our work is expected to motivate further experimental investigations for this benchmark system.

Effect of vertical overturning circulation scale and moist static energy tendency on MJO phase speed

The combined effects of vertical overturning circulation(VOC) zonal length scale and moist static energy(MSE)tendency zonal asymmetry on MJO phase speed were investigated based on diagnosis of ERA-Interim data over a 40-year period(1979-2019).In a key region(80°-100°E),128 MJO events were selected.It was found that the larger the VOC zonal length scale,the faster the MJO eastward propagation.The correlation coefficient between them was 0.52,exceeding the 99% confidence level.A significant positive correlation(0.59) was also identified between the phase speed and MSE tendency zonal asymmetry.A linear regression model based on the aforementioned two parameters was constructed,and the phase speed could be estimated based on the model.The correlation coefficient between the reconstructed phase speed and its observed counterpart was 0.73,exceeding the 99% confidence level with an F-test.A composite analysis of the fast and slow groups indicated that the VOC zonal length scale was modulated by the background state.An El Nino(La Ni?a)-like SST pattern and associated precipitation anomalies promoted a larger(smaller) VOC zonal length scale and thus a faster(slower)propagation speed.A sensitivity test with a reference point in a different longitudinal zone(120°-140°E) was conducted.Again,there were significant relationships between the MJO phase speed and the two parameters.The correlation between the reconstructed and observed phase speed was 0.67,exceeding the 99% confidence level.

Structures and Dynamics of a Two-Dimensional Confined Dusty Plasma System

The influence of the confining potential strength and temperature on the structures and dynamics of a two-dimensional (2D) dusty plasma system is investigated through molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The circular symmetric confining potential leads to the nonuniform packing of particles, that is, an inner core with a hexagon lattice surrounded by a few outer circular shells. Under the appropriate confining potential and temperature, the particle trajectories on middle shells form a series of concentric and nested hexagons due to tangential movements of particles.Mean square displacement, self-diffusion constant, pair correlation function, and the nearest bond are used to characterize the structural and dynamical properties of the system. With the increase of the confining potential, the radial and tangential movements of particles have different behaviors. With the increase of temperature, the radial and tangential motions strengthen, particle trajectories gradually become disordered, and the system gradually changes from a crystal or liquid state to a gas state.

Quantitative Description of Potential of Mean Force Between Macroparticles in Fluid with Attactive Forces

A statistical mechanics method is proposed for calculation of potential ofmean force (PMF). In the case of solvophobic or solvophilic macroparticles immersed in solvent bathof soft sphere or Lennard-Jones particles, prediction accuracy for the PMF and MF from the simplestimplementation of the proposed method, where hypernetted chain approximation is adopted forcorrelation of the macroparticle-macroparticle at infinitely dilute limit, is comparable to that ofa recent more sophisticated approach based on mixture Ornstein—Zernike integral equation / bridgefunction from fundamental measure functional. Adaptation of the present method for general complexQuids is discussed, and method for improving the accuracy is suggested. Differences and relativemerits of the present recipe compared with that based on potential distribution theory is discussed.

Quasi-Classical Trajectory Investigation of H+SO_(2)→OH+SO Reaction on Full-Dimensional Accurate Potential Energy Surface

The reaction H+SO_(2)→OH+SO is important in the combustion and atmospheric chemistry,as well as the interstellar medium.It also represents a typical complex-forming reaction with deep complexes,serving as an ideal candidate for testing various kinetics theories and providing interesting reaction dynamical phenomena.In this work,we reported a quasiclassical trajectory study of this reaction on our previously developed accurate full-dimensional potential energy surface.The experimental thermal rate coefficients over the temperature range 1400 K≤T≤2200 K were well reproduced.For the reactant SO_(2)being sampled at the ground ro-vibrational state,the calculated integral cross sections increased slightly along the collision energy ranging from 31.0 kcal/mol to 40.0 kcal/mol,and then became essentially flat at the collision energy within 40.0−55.0 kcal/mol.The product angular distributions are almost symmetric with nearly identical backward-forward double peak structure.The products OH and SO vibrational state distributions were also analyzed.

Dynamic Behavior and Quasi—energy Spectrum of Multiband Superlattice Bloch Electrons in Quantum Kicked Potential

In this paper, we study the dynamic behavior and quasi-energy spectrum of multiband superlattice Bloch electrons in quantum kicked potential. We show analytically and numerically the avoided crossing and band suppression about the quasi-energy spectrum, the dynamic nonlocalization, and the electron oscillation behavior between two bands.

Reading Developmental Trends in Early Years： The Influence of Word Identification Skills and Target Langauge Oral Ability to Comprehension

Language, reading, and reading-related tasks were administered to 148 children from lower primary （Standard 1, 2, and 3） in Kenyan schools. The aim was to investigate the literacy developmental trends across the years and establish which of the two variables, word identification skills or target language oral proficiency influenced reading comprehension performance. The results indicated that word identification skills independently influenced reading comprehension performance in both standard 2 and standard 3 classes, but target language oral skills did not. Further, the analysis of invented spelling task performance revealed evidence of transfer of alphabetic coding skills of first language to English orthography. The spelling errors reflected letter-sound patterns not found in English orthography. Analysis of the miscues in the spelling task revealed that children rely on first language phonological processes to spell target language unfamiliar words as long the languages have a common alphabetic system.

Revised Iterative Solution of Ground State of Double-Well Potential

The revised new iterative method for solving the ground state of Schroedingerequation is deduced. Based on Green functions defined by quadratures along a single trajectory thisiterative method is applied to solve the ground state of the double-well potential. The result iscompared to the one based on the original iterative method. The limitation of the asymptoticexpansion is also discussed.

Quantum Dynamics of Oxyhydrogen Complex-Forming Reactions for the HO2 and HO3 Systems

Complex-forming reactions widely exist in gas-phase chemical reactions. Various complexforming bimolecular reactions have been investigated and interesting phenomena have been discovered. The complex-forming reactions usually have small or no barrier in the entrance channel, which leads to obvious differences in kinetic and dynamic characteristics compared with direct reactions. Theoretically, quantum state-resolved reaction dynamics can provide the most detailed microscopic dynamic mechanisms and is now feasible for a direct reaction with only one potential barrier. However, it is of great challenge to construct accurate potential energy surfaces and perform accurate quantum dynamics calculations for a complex polyatomic reaction involving deep potential wells and multi-channels. This paper reviews the most recent progress in two prototypical oxyhydrogen complex-forming reaction systems, HO2 and HO3, which are significant in combustion, atmospheric, and interstellar chemistry. We will present a brief survey of both computational and experimental work and emphasize on some unsolved problems existing in these systems.

EOM-CCSD-Based Neural Network Diabatic Potential Energy Matrix for ^(1)πσ^(*)-Mediated Photodissociation of Thiophenol

A new diabatic potential energy matrix(PEM)of the coupled~^(1)ππ^(*)and~1πσ*states for the~1πσ*-mediated photodissociation of thiophenol was constructed using a neural network(NN)approach.The diabatization of the PEM was specifically achieved by our recent method[Chin.J.Chem.Phys.34,825(2021)],which was based on adiabatic energies without the associated costly derivative couplings.The equation of motion coupled cluster with single and double excitations(EOM-CCSD)method was employed to compute adiabatic energies of two excited states in this work due to its high accuracy,simplicity,and efficiency.The PEM includes three dimensionalities,namely the S-H stretch,C-S-H bend,and C-C-S-H torsional coordinates.The root mean square errors of the NN fitting for the S1 and S2 states are 0.89 and 1.33 me V,respectively,suggesting the high accuracy of the NN method as expected.The calculated lifetimes of the S1 vibronic 00 and31 states are found to be in reasonably good agreement with available theoretical and experimental results,which validates the new EOM-CCSD-based PEM fitted by the NN approach.The combination of the diabatization scheme solely based on the adiabatic energies and the use of EOM-CCSD method makes the construction of reliable diabatic PEM quite simple and efficient.

Molecular Thermodynamics of Charged Hard-Dumbbell Fluids

Chemical potentials of charged hard-dumbbell fluids are obtained by Monte Carlo simulations using Widom's test-particle method, corresponding compressibility factors are achieved by integration of chemical potentials at different densities. A molecular thermodynamic model is also developed for these charged hard-dumbbell fluids where the residual Helmholtz function is composed of two terms: a reference term responsible for the charged hard spheres and a bonding contribution measuring the sticky interactions between positive and negative hard ions.Model predictions are in good agreement with simulation results.