教研员的专业成长能力序列

教研员的专业化是教研员职业成长的核心问题。根据教研员的职能发展的实然和应然状态可知,教研员的专业成长并不是一个多种能力综合发展随日渐增的线性过程,而是以教育研究能力为核心的、延续的、有逻辑的、符合职业成长规律的"能力"序列,其中包括四个层次:识别不同形态的教育,理解不同形态的教育逻辑,联系不同形态的教育,构建不同形态教育之间的合理联系。这四个层次是教育研究能力这一心理结构发展到不同阶段的外显,四者相互联系,依次递进。

解读助读系统 探寻阅读能力序列的构建

通过对统编初中语文助读内容的解读,我们发现初中语文阅读能力养成的整体序列主要是通过单篇与单元,单元与单元,年级与年级的阅读能力训练点的相互关联构建而成。每一篇单篇阅读教学都有其在初中阅读能力养成整体序列中的基本任务。同时,阅读版块的能力养成序列与教材其他版块的教学相互渗透、相互补充、相互支持,为实现《义务教育语文课程标准(2011年版)》提出的第四学段目标联结为一个整体。

儿童序列推理能力培养刍议

在教学过程中,通过向儿童展示一个序列,有利于让儿童掌握事物变化的规律,促进儿童逻辑推理能力的发展。而培养儿童的序列推理能力就变得尤为重要。

立足句群练习，夯实小学低年段学生写作素养

部分小学生到了小学高段,写作时还会觉得无从下笔。这实质上是学生思维能力、观察能力等语文核心素养较为低下的表现。在小学低年级,立足句群练习,是一种提高学生思维能力、观察能力、写作能力的简单高效的好方法。句群练习,首先应该根据学生习作能力序列制定顶层框架,然后采用关键词仿写,提供中心句仿写,聚焦主类型仿说仿写等策略,开展扎实的句群练习。

四年级上册第七单元语文要素解析及教学建议

统编小学语文教科书四年级上册第七单元的语文要素是“关注主要人物和事件,学习把握文章的主要内容”。教师应研读教材,明确把握文章主要内容的训练序列;精准定位,制定适度合理的教学目标;搭建支架,提供多方面的学习支持;创设契机,在拓展阅读中巩固学习方法,从而切实推动学生的阅读能力、表达能力和思维能力的综合发展。

Effects of artificial aging conditions on mechanical properties of gravity cast B356 aluminum alloy

The age hardening behavior of gravity cast B356 aluminum alloy was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), hardness measurements and tensile tests. Three different artificial aging temperatures were selected, namely 155, 165 and 180 °C, with heat treatment time from 40 min to 32 h. DSC analysis results show that cluster formation begins below room temperature(at around-10 °C). Since cluster formation influences the subsequent precipitation of the main strengthening β'' phase, it can be inferred that a delay between solutionizing and artificial aging has a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the alloy. It was also confirmed that the hardness and the tensile properties of the alloy reach the maximum values when β'' phase is completely developed during the artificial aging. This happens after 16 h for samples aged at 155 °C, after 6 h for samples aged at 165 °C and after 4 h for samples aged at 180 °C. A subsequent decrease of the mechanical properties, observed only in the sample aged at the highest temperature, with increasing aging time can be associated with the transformation of the coherent β'' phase into the semi-coherent β' phase. Finally, the activation energy associated with the precipitation of β'' phase was calculated to be 57.2 k J/mol.

Open Approach-Based Subject Matter： A New Aspect of Mathematical Activity Fostering Students＇ Creativity

This study compares the subject matter appeared on traditional Thai textbooks and Japanese textbooks and analyzes how extension and integration sequence on Japanese textbooks evokes students＇ mathematical creativity. The data were collected from the series of four lessons in the fifth grade by teaching experiment methodology conducted following the professional development project implemented lesson study and open approach in Thailand. The results show that extension and integration sequence is an appropriate subject matter to generate lesson for problem-solving classroom. The sequence of lesson leads students to excitement, curiosity, confidence and intimacy in mathematics that are powerful effects of mathematical creativity. Students can produce the different and various ways to solve problems that indicate their divergent thinking.

Introducing semantic information into motion graph

To improve motion graph based motion synthesis,semantic control was introduced.Hybrid motion features including both numerical and user-defined semantic relational features were extracted to encode the characteristic aspects contained in the character's poses of the given motion sequences.Motion templates were then automatically derived from the training motions for capturing the spatio-temporal characteristics of an entire given class of semantically related motions.The data streams of motion documents were automatically annotated with semantic motion class labels by matching their respective motion class templates.Finally,the semantic control was introduced into motion graph based human motion synthesis.Experiments of motion synthesis demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach which enables users higher level of semantically intuitive control and high quality in human motion synthesis from motion capture database.

Action mechanism of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore

The conventional collector for diaspore mineral is oleic acid,which is highly insoluble and must be used in high dosage in bauxite flotation,that is the great drawback of oleic acid in use.Octylic hydroxamic acid was synthesized,and its collecting ability to certain minerals in bauxite:diaspore and kaolinite were studied.The collecting power of various reagents to diaspore in an incremental sequence was shown as follows:oleic acid<octylic hydroxamic acid,while the incremental sequence of the collecting power to kaolinite was like this:octylic hydroxamic acid < oleic acid.It could be seen that octylic hydroxamic acid had the capability of high collectivity and good selectivity,and octylic hydroxamic acid was chosen to use in the following experiments.Reduced zeta potential showed the adsorption of the anionic collector on the mineral.By the adsorptive capability and IR(infrared ray)tests,the adsorption of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore was determined to be chemical absorption,which was greater than that of oleic acid,as it was absorption by hydrogen bond.

Simulation and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system

As the prime motor of dispersed energy system, the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are high efficient with large heat recovery. This study presents a simulation of SOFC building-based cooling, heat and power (BCHP) system, which can meet basic requirements in power and heating (cooling) of the designated customers. The peak power load can be met by power grid, while the peak heating (cooling) load requirement can be met by backup equipments. In order to solve the economic dispatch problem of the energy system, a restricted nonlinear optimization model has been developed. The production costs can be minimized via both the equality constraints of customer’s heat and power demands, and other inequality constrains of equipments’ capacities. The sequential quadratic programming method has been used to search the solution. The study indicates that the model can be used to optimize the system’s capacities and run strategy. An office building case has been computed, and it is indicated that the model can be served in design and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system.

Evolved to adapt： A computational approach to animal innovation and creativity

The production of novel behavioral sequences that gives rise to animal innovation and creativity is one of the most intriguing aspects of behavioral evolution. Numerous studies have recently documented the abundance and diversity of innova- tive and creative behaviors between and within species, yet the ability to innovate or to act creatively has mainly been described and quantified as a measure of animals＇ cognitive ability without explicit reference to cognitive mechanisms that may account for these behaviors. Here we discuss the creative process from a computational point of view and suggest such a mechanistic frame- work. In light of recent research on human creativity, animal learning, and animal problem solving, we suggest that animal crea- tivity is best understood as the production of context-appropriate novel behavioral sequences, which may be facilitated by the ability to learn the regularities in the environment and to represent them hierarchically, allowing for generalization. We present a cognitive framework that we recently developed, which employs domain-general mechanisms and has been used in the modeling of a range of sequential behaviors, from animal foraging to language acquisition, and apply it to behavioral innovation. In a series of simulations, we show how innovation and creative behavior can be produced by this learning mechanism, as it constructs a network representing the statistical regularities of the environment. We use the simulations to demonstrate the role of particular cognitive parameters in this process and to highlight the effects of the learning dynamics and individual experience on creativity