AIM： To identify cancer stern cells （CSCs） in human gallbladder carcinomas （GBCs）. METHODS： Primary GBC cells were cultured under serum-free conditions to produce floating spheres. The stem-cell properties of th...AIM： To identify cancer stern cells （CSCs） in human gallbladder carcinomas （GBCs）. METHODS： Primary GBC cells were cultured under serum-free conditions to produce floating spheres. The stem-cell properties of the sphere-forming cells, including self-renewal, differentiation potential, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity, were determined in vitro or in vivo. Cell surface expression of CD133 was investigated in primary tumors and in spheroid cells using flow cytometry. The sphere-colony-formation ability and tumorigenicity of CD133＋ cells were assayed.floating spheroids were generated from primary GBC cells, and these sphere-forming cells could generate new progeny spheroids in serum-free media. Spheroid cells were differentiated under serum-containing conditions with downregulation of the stem cell markers Oct-4, Nanog, and nestin （P 〈 0.05）. The differentiated cells showed lower spheroid-colony-formation ability than the original spheroid cells （P 〈 0.05）. Spheroid ceils were more resistant to chemotherapeutic reagents than the congenetic adherent cells （P 〈 0.05）. Flow cytometry showed enriched CD133＋ population in sphereforming cells （P 〈 0.05）. CD133＋ cells possessed high colony-formation ability than the CD133 population （P 〈 0.01）. CD133＋ cells injected into nude mice revealed higher tumorigenicity than their antigen-negative counterparts （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： CD133 may be a cell surface marker for CSCs in GBC.展开更多
The Gibbs-Bogoliubov （GB） inequality is applied to investigate the thermodynamic properties of some equiatomic noble metal alloys in liquid phase such as Au-Cu, Ag-Cu, and Ag-Au using well recognized pseudopotential...The Gibbs-Bogoliubov （GB） inequality is applied to investigate the thermodynamic properties of some equiatomic noble metal alloys in liquid phase such as Au-Cu, Ag-Cu, and Ag-Au using well recognized pseudopotential formalism. For description of the structure, well known Percus-Yevick （PY） hard sphere model is used as a reference system. By applying a variation method the best hard core diameters have been found which correspond to minimum free energy. With this procedure the thermodynamic properties such as entropy and heat of mixing have been computed. The influence of local field correction function viz; Hartree （H）, Taylor （T）, lehimaru-Utsumi （IU）, Farid et al. （F）, and Sarkar et al. （S） is also investigated. The computed results of the excess entropy compares favourably in the case of liquid alloys while the agreement with experiment is poor in the case of heats of mixing. This may be due to the sensitivity of the heats of mixing with the potential parameters and the dielectric function.展开更多
Coals are carbon-rich materials with excellent aromatic nature and macro- molecular structure. They pose great potential as the source of organic chemical feed- stock and high value-added carbonaceous materials in the...Coals are carbon-rich materials with excellent aromatic nature and macro- molecular structure. They pose great potential as the source of organic chemical feed- stock and high value-added carbonaceous materials in the 21st century. As some of the most important analytical methods, thermal analysis (TA) techniques with strong com- petence in materials characterization and reaction mechanism research, have been ex- tensively employed to accumulate the knowledge about coal conversion and utilization in a most effective, efficient and responsible way. Unfortunately, some efforts did not promote the sound growth of a systematic discipline, which might arise from the intrinsic drawback of conventional TA. Proposals on acquiring much more reliable understanding of the mechanism and kinetics of reactions were made in this review.展开更多
The theory of action liberal in cause has a long history. But this concept originally did not exist in our country＇s traditional crinainal law. It has caused widespread controversy and discussion after being introduc...The theory of action liberal in cause has a long history. But this concept originally did not exist in our country＇s traditional crinainal law. It has caused widespread controversy and discussion after being introduced into Chinese academy of criminal law. From researches on various viewpoints about the theory of action liberal in cause in German and Japanese theories of criminal law, this paper discusses problems such as recognition of the form of a crime of action liberal in cause, the basis of straPoarkeit and how to coordinate with criminal law principles like ＂capacity for responsibility coexists with capacity for act＂. In the end, it puts forward the scheme of modification for relevant legislation of action liberal in cause.展开更多
Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise str...Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.展开更多
文摘AIM： To identify cancer stern cells （CSCs） in human gallbladder carcinomas （GBCs）. METHODS： Primary GBC cells were cultured under serum-free conditions to produce floating spheres. The stem-cell properties of the sphere-forming cells, including self-renewal, differentiation potential, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity, were determined in vitro or in vivo. Cell surface expression of CD133 was investigated in primary tumors and in spheroid cells using flow cytometry. The sphere-colony-formation ability and tumorigenicity of CD133＋ cells were assayed.floating spheroids were generated from primary GBC cells, and these sphere-forming cells could generate new progeny spheroids in serum-free media. Spheroid cells were differentiated under serum-containing conditions with downregulation of the stem cell markers Oct-4, Nanog, and nestin （P 〈 0.05）. The differentiated cells showed lower spheroid-colony-formation ability than the original spheroid cells （P 〈 0.05）. Spheroid ceils were more resistant to chemotherapeutic reagents than the congenetic adherent cells （P 〈 0.05）. Flow cytometry showed enriched CD133＋ population in sphereforming cells （P 〈 0.05）. CD133＋ cells possessed high colony-formation ability than the CD133 population （P 〈 0.01）. CD133＋ cells injected into nude mice revealed higher tumorigenicity than their antigen-negative counterparts （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： CD133 may be a cell surface marker for CSCs in GBC.
文摘The Gibbs-Bogoliubov （GB） inequality is applied to investigate the thermodynamic properties of some equiatomic noble metal alloys in liquid phase such as Au-Cu, Ag-Cu, and Ag-Au using well recognized pseudopotential formalism. For description of the structure, well known Percus-Yevick （PY） hard sphere model is used as a reference system. By applying a variation method the best hard core diameters have been found which correspond to minimum free energy. With this procedure the thermodynamic properties such as entropy and heat of mixing have been computed. The influence of local field correction function viz; Hartree （H）, Taylor （T）, lehimaru-Utsumi （IU）, Farid et al. （F）, and Sarkar et al. （S） is also investigated. The computed results of the excess entropy compares favourably in the case of liquid alloys while the agreement with experiment is poor in the case of heats of mixing. This may be due to the sensitivity of the heats of mixing with the potential parameters and the dielectric function.
文摘Coals are carbon-rich materials with excellent aromatic nature and macro- molecular structure. They pose great potential as the source of organic chemical feed- stock and high value-added carbonaceous materials in the 21st century. As some of the most important analytical methods, thermal analysis (TA) techniques with strong com- petence in materials characterization and reaction mechanism research, have been ex- tensively employed to accumulate the knowledge about coal conversion and utilization in a most effective, efficient and responsible way. Unfortunately, some efforts did not promote the sound growth of a systematic discipline, which might arise from the intrinsic drawback of conventional TA. Proposals on acquiring much more reliable understanding of the mechanism and kinetics of reactions were made in this review.
文摘The theory of action liberal in cause has a long history. But this concept originally did not exist in our country＇s traditional crinainal law. It has caused widespread controversy and discussion after being introduced into Chinese academy of criminal law. From researches on various viewpoints about the theory of action liberal in cause in German and Japanese theories of criminal law, this paper discusses problems such as recognition of the form of a crime of action liberal in cause, the basis of straPoarkeit and how to coordinate with criminal law principles like ＂capacity for responsibility coexists with capacity for act＂. In the end, it puts forward the scheme of modification for relevant legislation of action liberal in cause.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61040031)the Technological Project of Henan Province (Grant No. 082102210066)
文摘Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.
