基于非能动系统功能可靠性的IVR-ERVC保温层几何优化与可靠性评估

针对CPR1000在严重事故条件下实施熔融物堆内滞留-压力容器外部冷却(IVR-ERVC)方案的保温层几何参数优化设计需求,按设计参数及关键参量可能范围及分布,采用拉丁超立方抽样(LHS)确定输入参数组合,运用Relap5/Mod3程序进行不确定性传递计算。根据计算结果,进行参数对ERVC功能及行为的敏感性分析;基于提出的ERVC相关功能可靠性准则与统计分析,进行CPR1000一类非能动ERVC保温层设计参数名义值的初步选取。进一步在确定保温层结构参数基础上,进行ERVC功能可靠性分析,为CPR1000概率安全评价提供ERVC系统可靠性估计。

从英汉感叹词的语用功能看语用内涵

Hallidy在他的系统功能语法中提到"选择就是意义,意义就是功能"。根据这个观点,我们将从感叹词的三大功能:表达功能,能动功能和认知功能,来分析感叹词在具体语境表达具体功能时的语用内涵。

Deep learning echocardiographic intelligent model for evaluation on left ventricular regional wall motion abnormality

Objective To observe the value of deep learning echocardiographic intelligent model for evaluation on left ventricular(LV)regional wall motion abnormalities(RWMA).Methods Apical two-chamber,three-chamber and four-chamber views two-dimensional echocardiograms were obtained prospectively in 205 patients with coronary heart disease.The model for evaluating LV regional contractile function was constructed using a five-fold cross-validation method to automatically identify the presence of RWMA or not,and the performance of this model was assessed taken manual interpretation of RWMA as standards.Results Among 205 patients,RWMA was detected in totally 650 segments in 83 cases.LV myocardial segmentation model demonstrated good efficacy for delineation of LV myocardium.The average Dice similarity coefficient for LV myocardial segmentation results in the apical two-chamber,three-chamber and four-chamber views was 0.85,0.82 and 0.88,respectively.LV myocardial segmentation model accurately segmented LV myocardium in apical two-chamber,three-chamber and four-chamber views.The mean area under the curve(AUC)of RWMA identification model was 0.843±0.071,with sensitivity of(64.19±14.85)%,specificity of(89.44±7.31)%and accuracy of(85.22±4.37)%.Conclusion Deep learning echocardiographic intelligent model could be used to automatically evaluate LV regional contractile function,hence rapidly and accurately identifying RWMA.

生命科学前沿若干问题的认识论思考

文章对当代主导学科之一的生命科学前沿领域若干重要的认识论方法论问题 ,进行了哲学形态的区域辨析与定位聚集 ,得出了一些框架性的新思路。作者从人类大脑的独特性优势结构和抽象功能出发 ,提出了体现阶段性、位移性、递进性、综合性等新特点的“内在进化动力论” ,揭析了脑与基因系统之间的辩证性相互作用机制 ,论述了意识活动对大脑生理、机体生物学活动及其深微子系统的能动性反作用。这方面的探索 ,有助于充实强化哲学汲取生命科学前沿成果、构建与时俱进的新知识新材料支撑基础和体现更有效的解释力、更深广超前的预见力等理性品格与生机活力。

Decomposition-Based Visual Function Specification and Auto-Generation of Function

On the software module, this paper proposes a visual specification language(VSL). Based on decomposition, the language imitates men's thinking procedure that decomposes aproblem into smaller ones, then independently solves the results of every small problem to get theresult of original problem (decomposition and synthesis). Besides, the language mixes visual withspecification. With computer supporting, we can implement the software module automatically. It willgreatly improve the quality of software and raise the efficiency of software development. Thesimple definition of VSL, the principle of auto-generation, an example and the future research areintroduced.

论认识结构问题

认识结构是人脑中全部概念范畴的总和及其联结方式。认识结构区分为感性认识结构和理性认识结构两大层次系统。认识结构不是人头脑中固有的，而是后天建构起来的。认识结构在人类认识过程中，可以发挥巨大的能动作用。

Effect of graphene on mechanical properties of cement mortars

Functionalized graphene nano-sheets(FGN) of 0.01%-0.05%(mass fraction) were added to produce FGN-cement composites in the form of mortars. Flow properties, mechanical properties and microstructure of the cementitious material were then investigated. The results indicate that the addition of FGN decreases the fluidity slightly and improves mechanical properties of cement-based composites significantly. The highest strength is obtained with FGN content of 0.02% where the flexural strength and compressive strength at 28 days are 12.917 MPa and 52.42 MPa, respectively. Besides, scanning electron micrographs show that FGN can regulate formation of massive compact cross-linking structures and thermo gravimetric analysis indicates that FGN can accelerate the hydration reaction to increase the function of the composite effectively.

Science Letters:Brain natriuretic peptide: A potential indicator of cardiomyogenesis after autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation?

We observed in a pilot study that there was a transient elevation of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level shortly after the transplantation in the patient with ischemic heart failure, which is unexplainable by the simultaneous increase of the cardiac output and six-minute walk distance. Similar findings were observed in the phase I trial. We postulated on the basis of the finding of Fukuda in vitro that this transient elevation of BNP level against the improvement of cardiac function and exercise capacity might indicate cardiomyogenesis in patients after mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Further study is warranted to verify the hypothesis.

Analysis of Serum Cholesterol Level in Goats Breeds in Gilgit-Baltistan Area of Pakistan

In goats （Capra hircus） and other ruminants cholesterol is naturally produced in liver and intestinal walls. It is also acquired from supplemental food. Cholesterol is a source of energy and is a precursor of steroid hormones, bile acids and also required for normal cell function. The level of serum cholesterol is generally lower in goat breeds as compared to other cattles. The present study was conducted to estimate level of serum cholestrol in goats （both male and female） commonly reraed in three areas of Gilgit-Baltistan province of Pakistan viz; Ghizer, Baltistan and Hunza-NagarRandom samples of blood were taken from 440 goats （181 male and 259 female） and serum was obtained by centrifugation. Quantity of cholesterol in mg deciliter＂l of serum was determined by analyzing the serum using Micro-lab 300. Distrci wise comparison showed that cholestrol level in the samples from the three districts was highly significant. While the differences between the gender （male and female goats） from the same district were non-significant at P 〈 0.05. Ghizer breed is suggested to be better for human consumption because it had the lowest chlestrol level. The paper aslo discuss the effect of pastures feeding on the level of cholesterol in the serum of goats. Present findings will help formulate better strategies for the imporvement of goat breeds in the area.

Anomalous Dissipative Quantum Harmonic Oscillator

We investigate the low-temperature statistical properties of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a heat bath, where the low-frequency spectrum vanishes. We obtain the exact result of the zero point energy. Due to the low frequency shortage of environmental oscillators＇ spectral density, the coordinate and momentum correlation functions decay as T^-4 arid T^-6 respectively at zero temperature, where T is the correlation time. The low-temperature behavior of the mean energy does not violate the third law of thermodynamics, but differs largely from the Ohmic spectrum case.

Study on Tribological Properties of CVT Fluid Containing Inert and Active Functional Elements

The lubricating characteristics of CVTF(continuously variable transmission fluid) mixed with a multi-functional complex additive were studied. The said complex additive contained an organic borate ester and a new type of friction improver comprising phosphorus element and poly-methylmethacrylate(PMMA), and a viscosity index improver. The viscosity-pressure characteristics were evaluated by a high-pressure quartz viscometer, and the anti-wear property was investigated by a four-ball friction tester. The mechanism of lubrication by the CVTF was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The results showed that CVTF T10, which contained a multi-functional complex additive, exhibited excellent properties, featuring greater solidification pressure and pressure-viscosity coefficient, improved oil film strength, and low wear value. These attributes meet the special CVTF requirements for "high friction and low wear" that make it possible to provide both traction and lubrication. The lubricating mechanism was varied using different functional elements, such as inert and active elements. Sulfur and phosphorus are active extreme pressure elements that can react on the metal friction surface and produce an extreme pressure lubrication film. Boron is an inert functional element and does not react upon the metal surface; boron is only adsorbed onto the metal surface to act as a lubricant for adsorption film and fillers.

Key Technology Analysis for Driver Support Systems in Japan

This paper presents the technical survey and the trend analysis of the driver support technologies such as a pre-crush braking system in Japan. In the first part, Vehicle Intelligence to assist drivers is defined by two objective functions which are both TGA （Target Generation Agent） and TAA （Target Accomplishment Agent）. TAA is mainly based on the conventional technologies that are braking smoothly, or driving with lower fuel consumption. On the other hand, TGA has the intelligent function instead of human drivers. The actual TGA are explained using some concrete driver support systems. After that, Japanese market introduction date and evolution of driver support systems are discussed with clarifying cognitive aspects which are the perception support, the judgment support and the execution support. And Key technologies underlying evolution of driver support systems are explained. Finally the author concludes that the knowledge and insights needed for intelligent driver support systems will be much more complex than in the case of autonomous vehicles that drive themselves.

Design and Implementation of a Single-Phase Energy Meter with SMS Controlled and Monitored Recharge Capability

The Nigerian power sector is faced with poorly organized billing and consumer relations management. Tariff billing and collection has been a big problem in some community in Nigeria even with the introduction of prepaid meters. The process of payment is cumbersome and stressful as consumers have to go and pay in banks and then take tellers to power utility office to confirm their power bills payment before they can recharge their cards. The major purpose of this work is to design and implement a convenient, cashless, automated and transparent electricity metering, billing and payment system. This project combines the power electronic meter with a communications network which in this case is a GSM （global system for mobile） network. Remote electricity billing is a unique concept, in which the electricity board can collect the consumed units＇ data from consumer on mobile phone using GSM network. A unique property of this system is that, the electricity board can disconnect or reconnect consumers from remote location through the mobile phone. As this project works on GSM network, the system can be controlled from any part of the country.

核动力装置非能动系统可靠性及参数敏感性分析

在非能动安全功能可靠性方法(RMPS)框架下,对某型核动力装置非能动余热排出系统原理性试验系统的热工水力可靠性(TH-R)进行评估,并对影响系统可靠性的不确定性参数进行敏感性分析。相关结论有助于从可靠性角度增强对该非能动余热排出系统热工水力过程不确定性的认识,可用于指导系统的设计优化及运行管理。

Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating acupuncture therapy for sensory and motor dysfunction after spinal cord injury

Objective： To observe the difference in clinical efficacy between governor vessel-unblocking and mind- regulating acupuncture therapy combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy and simply conventional rehabilitation therapy for sensory and motor dysfunction of patients with spinal cord injury. Methods： Forty patients with spinal cord injury （SCI） were randomly assigned into rehabilitation combined with acupuncture group （group A） and rehabilitation group （group B）, with 20 patients in each group. In group A, governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating acupuncture therapy combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy was adopted, and Baihui（百会 GV 20）, Fengffu （风府GV 16）, Dazhui （大椎GV 14）, Zhiyang （至阳GV 9）, Mingmen （命门 GV 4） and Yfioyangguan （腰阳关 GV 3） were adopted as the main acupoints. Conventional rehabilitation therapy was also applied, including the rehabilitation training of joint, motion, respiration, urinary bladder and intestinal tract. In group B, conventional rehabilitation therapy was adopted as same as the group A. Treatment in the two groups was conducted for once a day, 6 times a week, and 12 weeks in total. ASIA motor score （MS）, ASIA sensory score （SS） and activity of daily living （ADL） score of patients in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment. Results： Before treatment, the differences in MS, SS and ADL score of patients in the two groups were not statistically significant （all P 〉 0.05）, and the results were comparable. After treatment, MS, SS and ADL score of patients in the two groups were all higher than that before the treatment （all P 〈 0.05）, and MS, SS and ADL score of the patients in group A were all higher than that in group B （all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The curative effect of governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating acupuncture therapy combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy was superior to that of simply conventional rehabilitation therapy in the treatment of sensory and motor dysfunction of the patients with SCI.

Effects of different frequencies of electro-acupuncture at Shuigou(GV 26) on recovery of motor function in rats with focal cerebra ischemic injury

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different frequencies of electro-acupuncture at Shuigou(GV 26) on the latent period and wave amplitude of motor evoked potentials(MEPs) in rats with focal cerebral infarction.METHODS:Fifty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups:controls,model,2 Hz Shuigou,50 Hz Shuigou and 100 Hz Shuigou.There were 10 rats in each group.Using a modification of a technique for middle cerebral artery occlusion,focal cerebral ischemic injury was induced in all rats except those in the control group.The rats in the control group received no treatment.After behavioral deficit had been evaluated using the Zausinger 6-point neurological function score,therats in the Shuigou groups underwent acupuncture and continuous wave stimulation at a frequency of 2 Hz,50 Hz or 100 Hz(intensity 1 mA) for 10 min twice daily for 3 days.The control and model groups underwent no intervention.Zausinger 6-point neurological function score and MEPs were measured 72 h after the start of treatment.RESULTS:The neurological function scores of the three Shuigou groups were significantly higher than those of the model group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between sides in the latency and amplitude of MEPs in the model group(P> 0.05).The latency on the affected side in the model group was significantly longer than that in the control group(P<0.05) and the amplitude on affected side was significantly reduced(P<0.01).After 3 days of electro-acupuncture,the latency on the affected side in the 2 Hz Shuigou group was significantly shortened(P<0.05) and the amplitude was significantly increased(P<0.05) compared with the model group.CONCLUSION:Low frequency electro-acupuncture at Shuigou(GV 26) can promote recovery of motor function after focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats.

Determinants of uterine aging:lessons from rodent models

The uterus is an indispensable organ for the development of a new life in eutherian mammals.The female mammalian reproductive capacity diminishes with age.In this respect,the senescence of uterine endometrium is convinced to contribute to this failure.This review focuses on the physiological function of the uterus and the related influence of aging mainly in rodent models.A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing the process of uterine aging is hoped to generate new strategies to prolong the reproductive lifespan in humans.

Influence of Setting Condition on Characteristics of Savonius Hydraulic Turbine with a Shield Plate

The aim of this investigation was to improve power performance of Savonius hydraulic turbine utilizing small stream for electric generation.An attempt was made to increase the power coefficient of runner by the use of flat shield plate placed upstream of the runner.The difference of the power coefficient is discussed in relation to clearance between the runner and the bottom wall and the rotation direction of the runner.The flow field around the runner was also examined visually to clarify influences of setting conditions on the power performance.From this study it was found that the power coefficient is achieved for 0.47 by only using a flat shield plate,the increase is up to 80% over the runner without the plate.Moreover,it is the proper condition that clearance ratio is 0.73 in this study.

A functional paradigm for evaluating culture： An example with cetaceans

Nonhuman culture was first considered in nonhuman primates because they are genetically similar to humans. How- ever, evolution is not progressive and therefore many species may occupy niches that favor socially transmitted, group specific behavior. Not surprisingly, evidence for culture has accrued in several taxonomic groups, including cetaceans. If culture is an ada- ptation, it is imperative we understand the factors that favor its formation. Understanding the evolutionary origin of culture will allow for a wider range of species to be studied, including those that are difficult to test in the laboratory. I propose a broad-based functional paradigm for evaluating nonhuman culture; based on the idea that while not all cultural behaviors may garner fitness benefits to the individual, the ecological and social environments in which cultural behaviors evolved must have favored the physical attributes and social learning capabilities that allow for cultural formation. Specifically this framework emphasizes the relationships between social learning, ecology, social systems, and biology in relation to culture. I illustrate the utility of the func- tional paradigm with evidence from the ceteacean group, while setting the stage for a stringent species by species analysis. By means of contextualizing culture, the Functional Paradigm can evaluate a species＇ potential to exhibit culture and can investigate potentially cultural behaviors