智能化技术在电气工程自动化中的应用

近年来,随着我国科学技术的飞速发展,电气工程技术的应用范围不断扩大,技术实力也得到有效提高。特别是在自动化技术的推动下,电气工程中的许多任务已经在没有传统手动操作的情况下实现。或者由专人监督,在很多技术领域都实现了无人化操作,有效减少了人工操作带来的失误和低效。随着电气工程自动化技术的进一步发展,单纯的自动控制技术已不能完全满足电气工程行业的发展需求,尤其是工业4.0时代来临后,智能化技术逐渐应用于各行各业。智能化技术与电气工程自动化技术相结合,可以有效促进电气工程技术的进一步提高,使自动控制过程不仅可以自动实施,而且在科学性和灵活性方面都有很大的提高,有利于电气工程行业的长远发展。

电气工程及其自动化的智能化技术应用

进入21世纪以来,我国的经济实力和科学技术水平有了很大的发展和进步,综合国力与国际地位也在不断的提高。在这样的形势之下,我国各个行业也有了很大的提高。就电气行业而言,智能化技术在电气工程当中得到了越来越广泛的应用,从而有力地促进和推动社会的发展和国家的进步,并且为各个企业创造了极高的经济效益。从目前的情况来看,我国电气工程相关技术尽管取得了极大的发展,但是在实际应用的过程当中依然存在着诸多问题,相关工作人员一定要对此有所重视。本文以电气工程及其自动化的智能化技术应用为主线,进行简要的分析和描述。

国外废弃含能材料非含能化处理技术的现状

从处理原理、效率、费用等多方面,详细地介绍了国外废弃含能材料的非含能化处理技术。综合处理效果、处理能力、污染物排放、所需设备、运行费用和经济效益6方面因素,得出生物降解法具备巨大的应用潜力。

Enabling Technologies for Autonomous Robotic Systems in Manufacturing

Research of autonomous manufacturing systems is motivated both by the new technical possibilities of cyber-physical systems and by the practical needs of the industry.Autonomous operation in semi-structured industrial environments can now be supported by advanced sensor technologies,digital twins,artificial intelligence and novel communication techniques.These enable real-time monitoring of production processes,situation recognition and prediction,automated and adaptive(re)planning,teamwork and performance improvement by learning.This paper summarizes the main requirements towards autonomous industrial robotics and suggests a generic workflow for realizing such systems.Application case studies will be presented from recent practice at HUN-REN SZTAKI in a broad range of domains such as assembly,welding,grinding,picking and placing,and machining.The various solutions have in common that they use a generic digital twin concept as their core.After making general recommendations for realizing autonomous robotic solutions in the industry,open issues for future research will be discussed.

Microbiological Transformation of Ginsenoside Rg_1

Forty-nine microbial strains were used to screen their ability for the microbiological transforma-tion of ginsenoside Rg1. Aspergillus niger (3.1858) and Absidia coerulea (3.3538) were found to convert ginsenoside Rg1 efficiently to less polar metabolites. Preparative scale transformation with both fungi Absidia coerulea (3.3538) and Aspergillus niger (3.1858) have resulted in the production of one same metabolite (MT1). Its structure was char-acterized as 6-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol (Ginsenoside Rh1) on the basis of its TOF-MS and 1H, 13C NMR spectral data. The biotransformation kinetic curves for Ginsenoside Rg1 and MT1 were reported for the first time, and the biotransformation pathway was proposed.

New development of longwall mining equipment based on automation and intelligent technology for thin seam coal

The paper introduced complete sets of automatic equipment and technology used in thin seam coal face, and proposed the comprehensive mechanization and automation of safe and high efficiency mining models based on the thin seam drum shearer. The key technology of short length and high power thin seam drum shearer, and new type roof support with big extension ratio and plate canopy were introduced. The new research achievement on automatic control system of complete sets of equipment for the thin seam coal, which composed of electronic-hydraulic system, compact thin seam roof supports, high effective shearer with intelligent control system, and characterized by automatical follow-up and remote control technology, was described in this paper..

Design and Implementation of Cloud Platform for Intelligent Logistics in the Trend of Intellectualization

Intellectualization has become a new trend for telecom industry, driven by intelligent technology including cloud computing, big data, and Internet of things. In order to satisfy the service demand of intelligent logistics, this paper designed an intelligent logistics platform containing the main applications such as e-commerce, self-service transceiver, big data analysis, path location and distribution optimization. The intelligent logistics service platform has been built based on cloud computing to collect, store and handling multi-source heterogeneous mass data from sensors, RFID electronic tag, vehicle terminals and APP, so that the open-access cloud services including distribution, positioning, navigation, scheduling and other data services can be provided for the logistics distribution applications. And then the architecture of intelligent logistics cloud platform containing software layer(SaaS), platform layer(PaaS) and infrastructure(IaaS) has been constructed accordance with the core technology relative high concurrent processing technique, heterogeneous terminal data access, encapsulation and data mining. Therefore, intelligent logistics cloud platform can be carried out by the service mode for implementation to accelerate the construction of the symbiotic win-winlogistics ecological system and the benign development of the ICT industry in the trend of intellectualization in China.

Preparation and performance of oxidative poly-silicon-ferric coagulant PSFN

A new polymer, poly-silicon-ferric with oxidization （PSFN） coagulant was produced by adding KMnO4 and stabilizer M to poly-silicon-ferric （PSF） coagulant. The micro properties of PSFN was investigated with optical microscope, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, ultraviolet/visible absorption（UVA） scanning, infrared（IR） spectrometer and oxidation-reduction potential （ORP） meter respectively, compared to that of PSE The coagulation behavior by PSFN was investigated compared to that by PSF. The results show that the micro properties of PSF have been changed greatly due to the addition of KMnO4, and there exists KMnO4 unattached in PSFN. A kind of tetrahedron structure somewhat like the connection of Si-O-Si bonds may be formed by the complexation of Mn （maybe in various valence） with PSE PSFN has lower turbidity removal than PSF at lower dose and achieves the same when the dose reaches a definite amount, while the removal of UV254 by PSFN is higher than that by PSF almost over entire dose range with the largest difference of about 17%. PSFN has more oxidization function at acidic condition than that at basic condition, and gives stronger ability of application for treating various waters than that by PSE.

Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Consensus in Third Order Multi-Agent Systems

We deal with a consensus control problem for a group of third order agents which are networked by digraphs.Assuming that the control input of each agent is constructed based on weighted difference between its states and those of its neighbor agents, we aim to propose an algorithm on computing the weighting coefficients in the control input. The problem is reduced to designing Hurwitz polynomials with real or complex coefficients. We show that by using Hurwitz polynomials with complex coefficients, a necessary and sufficient condition can be obtained for designing the consensus algorithm. Since the condition is both necessary and sufficient, we provide a kind of parametrization for all the weighting coefficients achieving consensus. Moreover, the condition is a natural extension to second order consensus, and is reasonable and practical due to its comparatively decreased computation burden. The result is also extended to the case where communication delay exists in the control input.

Robust simultaneous tracking and stabilization of wheeled mobile robots not satisfying nonholonomic constraint

A robust unified controller was proposed for wheeled mobile robots that do not satisfy the ideal rolling without slipping constraint.Practical trajectory tracking and posture stabilization were achieved in a unified framework.The design procedure was based on the transverse function method and Lyapunov redesign technique.The Lie group was also introduced in the design.The left-invariance property of the nominal model was firstly explored with respect to the standard group operation of the Lie group SE(2).Then,a bounded transverse function was constructed,by which a corresponding smooth embedded submanifold was defined.With the aid of the group operation,a smooth control law was designed,which fulfills practical tracking/stabilization of the nominal system.An additional component was finally constructed to robustify the nominal control law with respect to the slipping disturbance by using the Lyapunov redesign technique.The design procedure can be easily extended to the robot system suffered from general unknown but bounded disturbances.Simulations were provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the robust unified controller.

Parameter optimization model in electrical discharge machining process

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) process, at present is still an experience process, wherein selected parameters are often far from the optimum, and at the same time selecting optimization parameters is costly and time consuming. In this paper, artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) are used together to establish the parameter optimization model. An ANN model which adapts Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm has been set up to represent the relationship between material removal rate (MRR) and input parameters, and GA is used to optimize parameters, so that optimization results are obtained. The model is shown to be effective, and MRR is improved using optimized machining parameters.

Predicting Resting-state Functional Connectivity With Efficient Structural Connectivity

The complex relationship between structural connectivity(SC) and functional connectivity(FC) of human brain networks is still a critical problem in neuroscience. In order to investigate the role of SC in shaping resting-state FC, numerous models have been proposed. Here, we use a simple dynamic model based on the susceptible-infected-susceptible(SIS) model along the shortest paths to predict FC from SC. Unlike the previous dynamic model based on SIS theory, we focus on the shortest paths as the principal routes to transmit signals rather than the empirical structural brain network. We first simplify the structurally connected network into an efficient propagation network according to the shortest paths and then combine SIS infection theory with the efficient network to simulate the dynamic process of human brain activity. Finally, we perform an extensive comparison study between the dynamic models embedded in the efficient network, the dynamic model embedded in the structurally connected network and dynamic mean field(DMF) model predicting FC from SC. Extensive experiments on two different resolution datasets indicate that i) the dynamic model simulated on the shortest paths can predict FC among both structurally connected and unconnected node pairs; ii) though there are fewer links in the efficient propagation network, the predictive power of FC derived from the efficient propagation network is better than the dynamic model simulated on a structural brain network; iii) in comparison with the DMF model,the dynamic model embedded in the shortest paths is found to perform better to predict FC.

Anode oxidation of HCHO in THPED-containing electroless copper plating solution

The electrochemical mechanism of anode oxidation of HCHO in electroless copper plating solution with N, N, N′, N′-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine (THPED) was investigated by measuring cyclic voltammetry curves and anodic polarization curves. Three different oxidation peaks occur at the potentials of -0.62 V (Peak 1), -0.40 V (Peak 2) and -0.17 V (Peak 3) in the anode oxidation process of THPED-containing solution. The reaction at Peak 1, a main oxidation reaction, is the irreversible reaction of adsorbed HCHO with hydrogen evolution. The reaction at Peak 2, a secondary oxidation reaction, is the quasi-reversible reaction of adsorbed HCHO without hydrogen evolution. The reaction at Peak 3 is the irreversible oxidation of anode copper. The current density of Peak 1 increases gradually, that of Peak 2 remains constant and that of Peak 3 decreases with the increase of HCHO concentration. The current density of Peak 3 increases with the increase of THPED concentration and the complexation of THPED promotes the dissolution of anode copper.

Solving chemical dynamic optimization problems with ranking-based differential evolution algorithms

Dynamic optimization problems(DOPs) described by differential equations are often encountered in chemical engineering. Deterministic techniques based on mathematic programming become invalid when the models are non-differentiable or explicit mathematical descriptions do not exist. Recently, evolutionary algorithms are gaining popularity for DOPs as they can be used as robust alternatives when the deterministic techniques are invalid. In this article, a technology named ranking-based mutation operator(RMO) is presented to enhance the previous differential evolution(DE) algorithms to solve DOPs using control vector parameterization. In the RMO, better individuals have higher probabilities to produce offspring, which is helpful for the performance enhancement of DE algorithms. Three DE-RMO algorithms are designed by incorporating the RMO. The three DE-RMO algorithms and their three original DE algorithms are applied to solve four constrained DOPs from the literature. Our simulation results indicate that DE-RMO algorithms exhibit better performance than previous non-ranking DE algorithms and other four evolutionary algorithms.

Eco-materials Research — Study on Preparation and Properties of Woodceramics

A new technique has been developed to prepare woodceramics with the raw material of wheat straws.The partial properties of woodceramics such as the remains of carbon, the density, the porosity, the bending strength, and resistivity are tested at the same time. Systematic analyses of the material properties, the forming mechanism, and the regularity of woodceramics are made. The effects of the formula of raw materials, the consistencies of phenol resin, and the temperature, on the technique and the properties of woodceramics are displayed. It is shown that wheat straws can be used to produce woodceramics with this technique. The presented work provides useful ideas for the study of the preparation of woodceramics.

IR study on surface chemical properties of catalytic grown carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

In this study, the surface chemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) grown by catalytic decomposition of methane on nickel and cobalt based catalysts were studied by DRIFT (Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform) and transmission Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The results show that the surface exists not only carbon-hydrogen groups, but also carboxyl, ketene or quinone (carbonyl) oxygen-containing groups. These functional groups were formed in the process of the material growth, which result in large amount of chemical defect sites on the walls.

Distributed Bio-Hydrogen Refueling Stations

Hydrogen fuel cell cars are now available for lease and for sale. Renewable hydrogen fuel can be produced from water via electrolysis, or from biomass via gasification. Electrolysis is power-hungry with high demand from solar or wind power. Gasification, however, can be energy self-sufficient using a recently-patented thermochemical conversion technology known as I-HPG （indirectly-heated pyrolytic gasification）. I-HPG produces a tar-free syngas from non-food woody biomass. This means the balance of plant can be small, so the overall system is economical at modest sizes. This makes it possible to produce renewable hydrogen from local agricultural residues; sufficient to create distributed refueling stations wherever there is feedstock. This work describes the specifics of a novel bio-hydrogen refueling station whereby the syngas produced has much of the hydrogen extracted with the remainder powering a generator to provide the electric power to the I-HPG system. Thus the system runs continuously. When paired with another new technology, moderate-pressure storage of hydrogen in porous silicon, there is the potential to also power the refueling operation. Such systems can be operated independently. It is even possible to design an energy self-sufficient farm where all electric power, heat, and hydrogen fuel is produced from the non-food residues of agricultural operations. No water is required, and the carbon footprint is negative, or at least neutral.

Obsolescence optimization of electronic and mechatronic components by considering dependability and energy consumption

Nowadays, rapid technological progress influences the dependability of equipments and also causes rapid obsolescence. The mechatronic and electronic equipment components are mostly affected by obsolescence. A new challenger unit possesses identical functionalities, but with higher performances. This work aims to find the optimal number of components which should be replaced by new-type units, under budgetary constraints. In this work, the new challenger unit is characterized by lower energy consumption and the optimization steps are based on genetic algorithm (GA). The result shows the importance of this type of replacement in order to economize energy consumption and to deal with obsolescence.

Multi-functional forward osmosis draw solutes for seawater desalination

Forward osmosis(FO), as one of the emerging desalination technologies, has the potential to produce fresh water from a variety of water sources by utilizing the osmotic pressure gradient across a semi-permeable membrane.Draw solution, as an essential component of any FO process, can extract water molecules from seawater or wastewater. An ideal draw solution should meet three essential requirements, namely high osmotic pressure, low reverse flux, and facile regeneration mechanism. The selection of proper draw solutes is especially critical for an energy-efficient FO process since the energy consumption mostly arises from the separation or regeneration of the draw solution. Recently, we developed a few multi-functional FO draw solutes, mainly aiming to enhance the FO water flux and to explore facile re-concentration methods. This review summarizes these draw solutes,including Na^+_- functionalized carbon quantum dots, thermoresponsive copolymers, hydrophilic magnetic nanoparticles, and thermoresponsive magnetic nanoparticles.

Acclimatization and Cultivation Technology of Wild Herbaceous Energy Plants

Based on the investigation on the resource of native wild herbs plant in Guangxi from 2008 to 2011, the wild acclimatization and plant test were conducted to gramineous herbaceous plants of Saccharum arundinaceum Retz. cv. GM008, Saccharum arundinaceum Retz. cv. GM003, Saccharum arundinaceum Retz. cv. GM002, which had high content of fiber and high content of energy. The results showed that the annual dry matter content of the three kinds of wild arundinaceum were （25.16±2.45）, （20.47±6.37）, （11.27±0.18） t/hm2, respectively; energy indicators of coarse fiber, hemicelluloses, lignin and heat value of the three test plants were all 20-30% higher than control group. Therefore, the three kinds of herbs had good potential for producing energy.