提高本科生知识创新与技能应用能力的思考

随着社会的高速发展与进步, 就业压力的逐渐增大, 企业对员工素质的要求越来越高, 掌握各种专业知识并能应用于实际工作中的本科生正式成为人才市场的主力军.大学本科教育是培养高素质人才的重要组成部分, 提高本科生知识创新与技能应用能力是适应社会快速发展需要的关键.

The application of nanotechnology in the improvement of dental composite resins

In this paper, nanotechnology for the improvement of dental composite resins has been reviewed in the background of the existing shortcomings, focusing on the improvement for polymerization shrinkage, anti-bacterial properties and mechanical properties of composite resins. The results show that the use of nanotechnology and nano materials can be an effective method to improve the performance of dental composite resins in a various ways. At last, the paper also discusses the perspective about the dental composite resins.

The optimal strategy of the college English teaching is the combination of the language teaching and the knowledge teaching

The requirements of the college English curriculum teaching put forward the teaching objectives to cultivate the English comprehensive application abilities of the students, and improve their cultural qualities and their abilities of the independent learning, which pointed out the direction for the reform of the college English teaching. The language teaching mode based on the contents of the subject advocates that the knowledge learning and the language learning with the combination of the contents of the discipline, to develop the students＇ independent learning abilities, is a feasible and effective way to achieve the goal of the college English teaching. To cultivate the students＇ practical ability of using English is the basic task of the English teaching and learning. But China＇s current college English education failed to organically and effectively combine the teaching of the language knowledge and the cultivation of the language abilities and the teaching of the knowledge, leading to the existence of the obvious price scissors in the students＇ language knowledge and the language abilities. Therefore, the key to the reform of the college English teaching is to correctly position the roles of the foreign language teachers, change the classroom teaching into the process of the two-way interaction between the teachers and the students, focus on the cultivation of the students＇ intercultural communicative competence, so that the students＇ language knowledge and their language abilities can promote each other, and obtain the coordinative development, to better adapt to the requirements of the times.

Study on the Factors Affecting the Ability of Higher Vocational College Students in Practical English Test

Practical English test for higher vocational colleges is examining students learning effect, curriculum arrangement and teaching model rationality, and it is one of the important propositions in the study of English application ability. In practical English test, concreteness, pertinence and practicability are emphasized. It is closely linked with the students＇ knowledge practice and attracts more attention from school teachers and students to a large extent. In the real interactive teaching and learning, the scores of higher vocational college students in practical English test are affected by many factors. In this paper, the factors affecting the ability of higher vocational college students in practical English test are discussed from teaching model, learning strategies, and the cultivation of the students＇ English comprehensive ability.

The application of APP （application programs） in college English listening teaching

Chinese college students have some drawbacks in English learning and mastering. Through a dozen years of English learning, some of them have high ability of passing examinations, but the practical application ability is barely satisfactory with relatively poor listening level and oral expression ability. The objective cause for this situation is the relatively single and stylization English teaching model used by traditional colleges and universities. This model only emphasizes learning on class which greatly harms students＇ English learning enthusiasm and initiatives. The result is that although the students passed CET4 and CET6 long time before their graduation, they still not dare to open their mouth to speaking concerning face to face English communications. Over the years, the researches on how to improve college students＇ English application ability never stop and they did obtain some achievements and show some opportunities, for example, if we can bring APP （application programs） into college English listening class, it will largely meet students requirements on English learning and this can also replenish and perfect traditional English teaching model.

Employability Skills Needed by Higher Vocational Education Graduates to Be Successful in the Workplace

The current issues in workforce development are on high competence not only in technical skills, but also in non-technical skills. The term of non-technical skills is also called as employability skills. The research with topic analysis and development ofemployability skills of polytechnic students aims to： describe supervisors＇ perceptions of the importance of the employability skills needed in the workplace; describe supervisors＇ perceptions of the students＇ level of competence at performing the employability skills; and find the attributes of employability skills that are need to prioritize for development. Research sample has been selected by using a stratified random sampling from the supervisor of last year students when they are on the job training in industry. Total 146 supervisors participated in this research. The Employability Skills Questionnaire with a five-point Liken scale was used to assess perceptions level of importance of identified employability skills and students＇ level of competence. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, means and standard deviations, and priority development analysis. Three main groups of the employability skills with highest important level are： workplace health and safety, self-management, and team working. Students have a high level of competence in occupational health and safety, self-management and learning skills. There are three attributes of employability skills in high priority category for developed： knowing the benefits of computer application programs are needed in the work, taking the initiative in organizing activities, and participating in learning activities to gain new experience.

An Empirical Study on the Improvement of College Students＇ Learning Motivation

Combined with the actual work of universities, to build a harmonious teacher teaching, needs feedback and students＇ practice＂. To build organic whole work program is by ＂thought leading, an application platform based on innovation and entrepreneurship from the perspective of students＇ learning motivation and learning needs, helps the student strengthen the learning ability construction. Through improving students＇ work and learning ability, they will be willing to learn.

Solar Radiation and Temperature Measurement of Solar Dish Concentrator System

Concentrating solar power （CSP） technologies could be one of the major contributor to worlds future energy needs and which would be cheap and clean sources of energy. This would improve energy utilization, higher conversion efficiency with reliable and affordable supply of electricity to the public. The proposed approach is using 18 inch diameter of solar dish concentrator to measure the solar radiation using the aluminium foil as a reflector. In this paper, solar radiation is collected to investigate the solar fraction on incoming solar energy in wet climate.

Study and Application of New Polyamine Polymer Drilling Fluid

Adding the polyamine inhibitor into drilling fluid can effectively strengthen the rejection capability and improve the rheological behavior of drilling fluid system. According to the analysis of the comparison of the physiochemical properties of the polyamine inhibitor, a polyamine polymer drilling fluid system was established by means of adding UAE polyamine into traditional polymer drilling fluid. Conventional properties and environmental influence of this system have been evaluated in this paper. The result indicates that the polymer drilling fluid system optimized by polyamine shows a high-performance, such as excellent rejection performance, better rheological and filtration properties, better environmental protection functions. Thus it can be used in high water-sensitive, high temperature, high pressure or vulnerable formation drilling operations.

Development and Commercialization of New Autonomous Low Power Systems for Energy Harvesting

This paper evaluates new technologies for energy harvesting from the environment. We assess the reliability, accuracy, and autonomy of low power electronic devices, their market opportunities, and their ability to enhance sustainable development. For small, portable applications that need long lifetime energy supply systems, size, width, finite energy lifetime, and the need for replacement are important drawbacks. New supply alternatives should be explored that are able to make recharging easier or to remove battery dependence altogether. A new trend in the energy sources for low power applications has emerged in recent years, involving the harvesting of the energy available in the environment to supply power for electronic applications instead of using battery technologies that provide only short, finite amounts of energy. In this paper, we describe an all-purpose module of energy harvesting from mechanical, thermal, solar and RF energy sources developed at the University of Barcelona. We provide proof of concept in order to incorporate this novel energy technology in a wide range of applications and environments.

Advances of graphene application in electrode materials for lithium ion batteries

The demands for better energy storage devices due to fast development of electric vehicles(EVs) have raised increasing attention on lithium ion batteries(LIBs) with high power and energy densities. In this paper, we provide an overview of recent progress in graphene-based electrode materials. Graphene with its great electrical conductivity and mechanical properties have apparently improved the performance of traditional electrode materials. The methods and electrochemical properties of advanced graphene composite as cathode and anode for LIBs are reviewed. Two novel kinds of graphene hybrid materials are specially highlighted: three-dimensional porous and flexible binder-free graphene-based materials. Challenges for LIBs and future research trend in the development of high-performance electrode materials are further discussed.

An energy-equilibrium model for complex stress effect on fatigue crack initiation

Based on Tanaka and Mura’s fatigue model and Griffith theory for fracture,an energy-equilibrium model was proposed to explain the complex stress effect on fatigue behavior.When the summation of the elastic strain energy release and the stored strain energy of accumulated dislocations reach the surface energy of a crack,the fatigue crack will initiate in materials.According to this model,for multiaxial stress condition,the orientation of the crack initiation and the initiation life can be deduced from the energy equilibrium equation.For the uniaxial fatigue loading with mean stress,the relation between the maximum stress or the minimum stress and the stress amplitude is in agreement with an ellipse equation on the constant life diagram.If the ratio of the mean stress to stress amplitude is less than a critical value-0.17,and the stress amplitude keeps constant,the fatigue crack initiation life will decrease with the increase of the compress mean stress.In this model,the mean stress does not cause damage accumulation with the fatigue cycles in crack initiation.For this reason,the loading sequence of different load levels would induce the cumulative damage to deviate from the Palmgren-Miner cumulative damage rule.The procedure of estimating the damage under random loading is also discussed.

Energy Distribution Index for robot manipulators and its application to buffering capability evaluation

This paper proposes an approach to evaluate the performance of robot manipulator from the view of energy analysis. Based on the dynamics analysis of the manipulator, the Energy Distribution Index （EDI） is defined to depict the energy increment contribution of its subsystem to the whole manipulator. EDI is applied to the evaluation of the buffeting capability of the manipulator working under unpredictable and heavy external loads. A series of buffering indices, the Static Buffering Index （SBI）, Kineto-Static Buffering Index （KBI）, Dynamic Buffering Index （DBI）, and Global Buffering Index （GBI） are proposed to evaluate the buffering capability under different conditions. In order to acquire higher calculation accuracy, the general stiffness mapping of manipulators considering the actuator stiffness, inertia of the manipulator, damping, as well as elasticity of linkages is developed. Three different robot manipulators are studied as evaluation cases, in which the buffering structures are mechanism with variable topology, linear springs, and the elasticity of linkages respectively. The case studies show that the indices based on energy analysis have the advantage of coordinate free and are effective for buffering capability evaluation.