With Biolog Eco microplate, metabolic characteristics and functional diver-sity of carbon source in microflora of ponds were researched based on recitculating ponds and control ponds in order to explore effects of eco...With Biolog Eco microplate, metabolic characteristics and functional diver-sity of carbon source in microflora of ponds were researched based on recitculating ponds and control ponds in order to explore effects of eco-adjustments on microflo-ra in ponds. The results indicate that total number of bacterium, microbial metabolism activity, and diversity index in P7, P8, P1 and P2 kept higher, fol owed by P3, P4, P5 and P6. The utilization rate of microbes on sugars achieved the highest （31.0%-48.7%）, fol owed by carboxylic acid （13.4%-18.0%）, amino acid （10.1%-20.5%）, polymers （9.4%-17.0%）, biopolymer （5.7%-9.7%） and phenol （4.95%-7.50%）. Principal component analysis divided microflora in different ponds, suggesting that microbial community has varied carbon source characteristics and nitrogen-containing compound and biopolymer metabolisms are most affected.展开更多
This study was conducted to determine primary metabolites （protein, fat and total carbohydrate） and energy in various parts of Oak fruit （cotyledon, pericarp and cupules） for each of Quercus aegilops Subsp. branti...This study was conducted to determine primary metabolites （protein, fat and total carbohydrate） and energy in various parts of Oak fruit （cotyledon, pericarp and cupules） for each of Quercus aegilops Subsp. brantii, Quercus infectoria and Quercus libani. Oak fruits were collected during October in 2008 from three different native species of Quercus spp. in Khamza Mountain oak forest in Sulaimani city of Iraqi Kurdistan. The fruit samples were dried for moisture by oven and ash by Muffle Furnace. Samples were also analyzed for protein by Kjeldahl, fat by Soxhlet, total carbohydrate and energy by calculation （Atwater system）. This study revealed significant and high significant differences （P _〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01） by using Duncan＇ s multiple range as a test of comparisons between means of studied species for various parts of oak fruits in content of energy and food compounds for each part of oak fruit. The energy content for cotyledon was 404.826-410.558 kcal/100g DM; pericarp, 397.618-406.850 kcal/100g DM and cupules, 387.100-391.109 kcal/100g DM; the maximum value for energy content was found in cotyledon of Q. infectoria. Protein content in cotyledon was 3.406-5.426% DM; pericarp, 2.542-2.609% DM and cupules, 1.272-2.066% DM, that cotyledon ofQ. aegilops Subsp. brantii contain highest amount of protein. Fat content in cotyledon was 3.375-3.942% DM; pericarp, 1.754-2.766% DM and cupules, 1.464-2.165% DM, maximum content of fat was found in cotyledon of Q. infectoria. Total Carbohydrate content in cotyledon was 88.491-90.364% DM; pericarp, 92.486-92.947% DM and cupules, 90.594-92.977% DM, the cupules of Q. infectoria contained highest content of total Carbohydrate.展开更多
基金Supported by National Modern Agricultural Technology System(CARS-46)NationalSci-tech Support Plan(2012BAD25B05,2012BAD25B01)National Department PublicBenefit Research Foundation(201203083)~~
文摘With Biolog Eco microplate, metabolic characteristics and functional diver-sity of carbon source in microflora of ponds were researched based on recitculating ponds and control ponds in order to explore effects of eco-adjustments on microflo-ra in ponds. The results indicate that total number of bacterium, microbial metabolism activity, and diversity index in P7, P8, P1 and P2 kept higher, fol owed by P3, P4, P5 and P6. The utilization rate of microbes on sugars achieved the highest （31.0%-48.7%）, fol owed by carboxylic acid （13.4%-18.0%）, amino acid （10.1%-20.5%）, polymers （9.4%-17.0%）, biopolymer （5.7%-9.7%） and phenol （4.95%-7.50%）. Principal component analysis divided microflora in different ponds, suggesting that microbial community has varied carbon source characteristics and nitrogen-containing compound and biopolymer metabolisms are most affected.
文摘This study was conducted to determine primary metabolites （protein, fat and total carbohydrate） and energy in various parts of Oak fruit （cotyledon, pericarp and cupules） for each of Quercus aegilops Subsp. brantii, Quercus infectoria and Quercus libani. Oak fruits were collected during October in 2008 from three different native species of Quercus spp. in Khamza Mountain oak forest in Sulaimani city of Iraqi Kurdistan. The fruit samples were dried for moisture by oven and ash by Muffle Furnace. Samples were also analyzed for protein by Kjeldahl, fat by Soxhlet, total carbohydrate and energy by calculation （Atwater system）. This study revealed significant and high significant differences （P _〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01） by using Duncan＇ s multiple range as a test of comparisons between means of studied species for various parts of oak fruits in content of energy and food compounds for each part of oak fruit. The energy content for cotyledon was 404.826-410.558 kcal/100g DM; pericarp, 397.618-406.850 kcal/100g DM and cupules, 387.100-391.109 kcal/100g DM; the maximum value for energy content was found in cotyledon of Q. infectoria. Protein content in cotyledon was 3.406-5.426% DM; pericarp, 2.542-2.609% DM and cupules, 1.272-2.066% DM, that cotyledon ofQ. aegilops Subsp. brantii contain highest amount of protein. Fat content in cotyledon was 3.375-3.942% DM; pericarp, 1.754-2.766% DM and cupules, 1.464-2.165% DM, maximum content of fat was found in cotyledon of Q. infectoria. Total Carbohydrate content in cotyledon was 88.491-90.364% DM; pericarp, 92.486-92.947% DM and cupules, 90.594-92.977% DM, the cupules of Q. infectoria contained highest content of total Carbohydrate.
