用资源的观点评价能源利用项目

在评价能源动力工程项目时应该采用综合的评价方法,考虑技术、经济和环境等因素。叙述了一种基于总资源系统的综合评价方法,将生产中消耗的(包括污染掉的)空气、水和燃料等都折算成资源,并从社会平均边际削减成本的角度计算了利用资源对社会造成的外部成本。指出,计算资源的价值时必须包括其外部成本,并计入最终的总成本。文中还陈述了综合评价方法的原理,并以某燃天然气的燃气轮机联合循环热电联产系统为例子,与燃煤热电联产系统进行了比较。

二次能源利用项目投资决策的影响因素分析——以华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目为例

基于我国二次能源再利用在财政、征地、税收及信贷等方面的政策约束,以华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目为例,研究了二次能源利用项目投资决策的影响因素。根据华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目的可研报告,综合分析了企业生产、成本及价格等因素对华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目的影响,并将所得税优惠等优惠政策纳入投资决策,具体探讨了政策优惠对项目决策的重大影响。我们认为,国家在具体落实当前的政策的同时,应进一步提供力度更大的政策支持。

Carbon Embodied in International Trade of China and Its Emission Responsibility

Carbon emissions embodied in international trade of China during 1997-2007 are accounted by input-output method based on Chinese input-output table and global trade analysis project database.It is revealed that carbon emissions embodied in imports and exports both increased during 1997-2007,but carbon emissions embodied in exports are greater than those embodied in imports,China is a net export nation in embodied carbon.The net exports of embodied carbon account for about 10.82%of the total carbon emissions in 1997,dropped to 7.15%in 2002,increased to 13.13%in 2006,and slightly dropped to 12.64%in 2007.Low-end position of international industry division is an objective factor of being a net exporter of embodied carbon for China,and usage of a large amount of obsolete energy-using equipments wasted much energy and increased carbon emissions embodied in exports. Importers should take more responsibilities for carbon emissions embodied in trade,and China should take a certain responsibility for unreasonable energy dissipations too.