In this paper we address the topic of energy and water optimization in the production of bioethanol from corn and switchgrass. We show that in order for these manufacturing processes to be attractive,there is a need t...In this paper we address the topic of energy and water optimization in the production of bioethanol from corn and switchgrass. We show that in order for these manufacturing processes to be attractive,there is a need to go beyond traditional heat integration and water recycling techniques. Thus,we propose a strategy based on mathe-matical programming techniques to model and optimize the structure of the processes,and perform heat integration including the use of multi-effect distillation columns and integrated water networks to show that the energy effi-ciency and water consumption in bioethanol plants can be significantly improved. Specifically,under some circum-stances energy can even be produced and the water consumption can be reduced below the values required for the production of gasoline.展开更多
The emergy theory was used to analyze the emergy structure of the ecosystem at reclamation area in order to find the problem existed in the reclamation ecosystem through compared with the modern agriculture.The resear...The emergy theory was used to analyze the emergy structure of the ecosystem at reclamation area in order to find the problem existed in the reclamation ecosystem through compared with the modern agriculture.The research results show that the propor- tion of assistant emergy input into the system is higher which indicate that the productivity of reclamation land has not resumed and a lot of assistant emergy needed to improve the productivity.The ecosystem overly depend on chemical fertilizer,which is bad to agricul- tural ecosystem;the agricultural ecosystem in reclamation area belongs to traditional agriculture because the main power come from manpower and the usage of organic ferti- lizer is little,through compare the index of emergy with modern agriculture,the value of EyR and ED in reclamation area is less than the modern agriculture.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative ana...The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative analysis was carried out to compare the fuel cycles considering different options for burning and recycling transuranic and fission products utilizing accelerator driven systems, fast reactors, and light water reactors. The results show that recycling and transmutation fuel cycles are more attractive than the current once-through fuel cycles from the point of view of sustainability. The main conclusion is that the decision about the construction of deep geological repositories for spent fuel disposal must be reevaluated.展开更多
基金the Center for Advanced Process Decision-making at Carnegie Mellon University and NSF Grant CBET096654
文摘In this paper we address the topic of energy and water optimization in the production of bioethanol from corn and switchgrass. We show that in order for these manufacturing processes to be attractive,there is a need to go beyond traditional heat integration and water recycling techniques. Thus,we propose a strategy based on mathe-matical programming techniques to model and optimize the structure of the processes,and perform heat integration including the use of multi-effect distillation columns and integrated water networks to show that the energy effi-ciency and water consumption in bioethanol plants can be significantly improved. Specifically,under some circum-stances energy can even be produced and the water consumption can be reduced below the values required for the production of gasoline.
基金Henan Province Science and Technology Development Program(0624220093)Key Laboratory of Mine Spatial Information Technologies(Henan Polytechnic University,Henan Bureau of Surveying and Mapping),State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping(KLM200807)
文摘The emergy theory was used to analyze the emergy structure of the ecosystem at reclamation area in order to find the problem existed in the reclamation ecosystem through compared with the modern agriculture.The research results show that the propor- tion of assistant emergy input into the system is higher which indicate that the productivity of reclamation land has not resumed and a lot of assistant emergy needed to improve the productivity.The ecosystem overly depend on chemical fertilizer,which is bad to agricul- tural ecosystem;the agricultural ecosystem in reclamation area belongs to traditional agriculture because the main power come from manpower and the usage of organic ferti- lizer is little,through compare the index of emergy with modern agriculture,the value of EyR and ED in reclamation area is less than the modern agriculture.
文摘The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative analysis was carried out to compare the fuel cycles considering different options for burning and recycling transuranic and fission products utilizing accelerator driven systems, fast reactors, and light water reactors. The results show that recycling and transmutation fuel cycles are more attractive than the current once-through fuel cycles from the point of view of sustainability. The main conclusion is that the decision about the construction of deep geological repositories for spent fuel disposal must be reevaluated.
