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基于新材料的灯塔(桩)能源室改造设计研究
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作者 周松 高翔 《中国水运(下半月)》 2018年第5期238-239,共2页
灯塔(桩)能源室内由于环境潮湿、闷热且狭小,容易产生墙体脱落、掉漆对蓄电池防尘造成影响,操作存在安全隐患,为避免金属物触碰蓄电池正负极造成短路,需要引入新型材料进行灯塔(桩)能源室的改造和防护。本文提出的灯塔(桩)能源室的蓄电... 灯塔(桩)能源室内由于环境潮湿、闷热且狭小,容易产生墙体脱落、掉漆对蓄电池防尘造成影响,操作存在安全隐患,为避免金属物触碰蓄电池正负极造成短路,需要引入新型材料进行灯塔(桩)能源室的改造和防护。本文提出的灯塔(桩)能源室的蓄电池防护罩设计使用新型材料,由一种适用于小型灯桩能源室的蓄电池风琴式防护罩,一种适用于中大型灯塔(桩)能源室的蓄电池抽拉式顶盖,以及一种墙面硅胶布线槽组成,能够对灯塔(桩)能源室的蓄电池外露部件进行防护,对能源室内部走线进行整理,形成灯塔(桩)内部整洁、美观、防尘的标准化环境。 展开更多
关键词 能源室 新材料 蓄电池 改造 防护 标准化
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Clean Coal Technologies in China: Current Status and Future Perspectives 被引量:49
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作者 Shiyan Chang Jiankun Zhuo +2 位作者 Shuo Meng Shiyue Qin Qiang Yao 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2016年第4期447-459,共13页
Coal is the dominant primary energy source in China and the major source of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. To facilitate the use of coal in an environmentally satisfactory and economically viable way, clean coal... Coal is the dominant primary energy source in China and the major source of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. To facilitate the use of coal in an environmentally satisfactory and economically viable way, clean coal technologies (CCTs) are necessary. This paper presents a review of recent research and development of four kinds of CCTs: coal power generation; coal conversion; pollution control; and carbon capture, utilization, and storage. It also outlines future perspectives on directions for technology re search and development (R&D). This review shows that China has made remarkable progress in the R&D of CCTs, and that a number of CCTs have now entered into the commercialization stage. 展开更多
关键词 Clean coal technologies Power generation Coal conversion Pollution control Carbon capture utilization and storage
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New progress and future prospects of CBM exploration and development in China 被引量:12
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作者 Vun Jian Xu Fengyin +2 位作者 Liu Lin Zhong Ningning Wu Xiaobin 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI 2012年第3期363-369,共7页
Efforts to speed up China's coal bed methane (CBM) exploration developments related to production safety, optimization of energy structures, prevention of energy waste and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are... Efforts to speed up China's coal bed methane (CBM) exploration developments related to production safety, optimization of energy structures, prevention of energy waste and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are all of great significance. In order to strengthen CBM exploration and development in China and to encourage increased growth in the CBM industry, we firstly give a general overview of the recent technological innovations and other developments in CBM exploration in the U.S., Canada and other countries. Using this background information as the starting point, we further present observations and analyses of CBM exploration and development, preferential policies, technical support and implications of R&D for CBM development in China. The results show that the problems related to CBM exploration technology development and lack of a complete set of management policies are still the major issues slowing down the growth of domestic CBM industry. Development of resource exploration and technology, R&D and establishment of favorable government policy to support the industry and the creation of a relevant information platform, etc. are finally recommended. 展开更多
关键词 ChinaCBMExploration and developmentProspectProposal
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Developing bioenergy to tackle climate change:Bioenergy path and practice of Tianguan group
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作者 ZHANG Xiao-Yang 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第1期17-25,共9页
Biomass energy would become the most potential renewable energies, for whether wind power or photovoltaic, would be restricted by the nature thus cannot provide stable power, while biomass energy is the only renewable... Biomass energy would become the most potential renewable energies, for whether wind power or photovoltaic, would be restricted by the nature thus cannot provide stable power, while biomass energy is the only renewable energy that can be used in the form of gas, liquid or solid stage, it could replace the fossil energy, lead a positive influence on the control of the greenhouse gases. Across the globe, the biomass produced through photosynthesis is about 200 Gt, or 99 Gtce per year. If 10% of the biomass is utilized, more than 4 Gt of fuel ethanol and other bioenergy products can be produced, equivalent to 4.13 Gt of petroleum consumed by the world in 2014. Therefore, bioenergy can be a feasible alternative to fossil energy. 展开更多
关键词 Climate change BIOENERGY Greenhouse gas
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The Role of Hydropower in Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: A Review 被引量:5
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作者 Luis Berga 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2016年第3期313-318,共6页
Hydropower is a clean,renewable,and environmentally friendly source of energy.It produces 3930(TW·h)·a–1,and yields 16% of the world's generated electricity and about 78% of renewable electricity genera... Hydropower is a clean,renewable,and environmentally friendly source of energy.It produces 3930(TW·h)·a–1,and yields 16% of the world's generated electricity and about 78% of renewable electricity generation(in 2015).Hydropower and climate change show a double relationship.On the one hand,as an important renewable energy resource,hydropower contributes significantly to the avoidance of greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions and to the mitigation of global warming.On the other hand,climate change is likely to alter river discharge,impacting water availability and hydropower generation.Hydropower contributes significantly to the reduction of GHG emissions and to energy supply security.Compared with conventional coal power plants,hydropower prevents the emission of about 3 GT CO2 per year,which represents about 9% of global annual CO2 emissions.Hydropower projects may also have an enabling role beyond the electricity sector,as a financing instrument for multipurpose reservoirs and as an adaptive measure regarding the impacts of climate change on water resources,because regulated basins with large reservoir capacities are more resilient to water resource changes,less vulnerable to climate change,and act as a storage buffer against climate change.At the global level,the overall impact of climate change on existing hydropower generation may be expected to be small,or even slightly positive.However,there is the possibility of substantial variations across regions and even within countries.In conclusion,the general verdict on hydropower is that it is a cheap and mature technology that contributes significantly to climate change mitigation,and could play an important role in the climate change adaptation of water resource availability.However,careful attention is necessary to mitigate the substantial environmental and social costs.Roughly more than a terawatt of capacity could be added in upcoming decades. 展开更多
关键词 Renewable energyHydropowerClimate change mitigationImpacts of climate change
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Safety and effective developing nuclear power to realize green and low-carbon development 被引量:3
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作者 YE Qi-Zhen 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第1期10-16,共7页
This paper analyzes the role of nuclear power of China's energy structure and industry system. Comparing with other renewable energy the nuclear power chain has very low greenhouse gas emission, so it will play mo... This paper analyzes the role of nuclear power of China's energy structure and industry system. Comparing with other renewable energy the nuclear power chain has very low greenhouse gas emission, so it will play more important role in China's low-carbon economy. The paper also discussed the necessity of nuclear power development to achieve emission reduction, energy structure adjustment, nuclear power safety,environmental protection, enhancement of nuclear power technology, nuclear waste treatment, and disposal, as well as nuclear power plant decommissioning. Based on the safety record and situation of the existing power plants in China, the current status of the development of world nuclear power technology, and the features of the independently designed advanced power plants in China, this paper aims to demonstrate the safety of nuclear power. A nuclear power plant will not cause harm either to the environment and nor to the public according to the real data of radioactivity release, which are obtained from an operational nuclear plant. The development of nuclear power technology can enhance the safety of nuclear power. Further, this paper discusses issues related to the nuclear fuel cycle, the treatment, and disposal strategies of nuclear waste, and the decommissioning of a nuclear power plant, all of which are issues of public concern. 展开更多
关键词 Nuclear power and nuclear energy Role of nuclear power Scale development Nuclear safety Radioactivity release Nuclear fuel cycle
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A Feasibility Study of Power Generation from Sewage Using a Hollowed Pico-Hydraulic Turbine
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作者 Tomomi Uchiyama Satoshi Honda +1 位作者 Tomoko Okayama Tomohiro Degawa 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2016年第4期510-517,共8页
This study is concerned with the feasibility of power generation using a pico-hydraulic turbine from sewage flowing in pipes. First, the sewage flow rate at two connection points to the Toyogawa River-Basin Sewerage, ... This study is concerned with the feasibility of power generation using a pico-hydraulic turbine from sewage flowing in pipes. First, the sewage flow rate at two connection points to the Toyogawa River-Basin Sewerage, Japan, was explored for over a year to elucidate the hydraulic energy potential of the sewage. Second, the performance of the pico-hydraulic turbine was investigated via laboratory experiments that supposed the turbine to be installed in the sewage pipe at the connection points. This study indicates that the connection points have hydraulic potential that can be used for power generation throughout the year. It also demonstrates that the pico-hydraulic turbine can be usefully employed for power generation from sewage flowing in the pipe at the connection points. 展开更多
关键词 Pico-hydraulic turbine SewagePower generation Connection point Hydraulic potential
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Tidal Current Energy Resource Assessment Technique and Procedure Applied in Western Coastal Region, South Korea 被引量:1
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作者 Chul Hee Jo Su Jin Hwang Kang Hee Lee 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2015年第4期358-366,共9页
After the nuclear power plant accident in Japan, Korean government has set the national goal to produce the electricity by renewable energy sources up to 11% by 2035 which is not easy to achieve without ocean energy d... After the nuclear power plant accident in Japan, Korean government has set the national goal to produce the electricity by renewable energy sources up to 11% by 2035 which is not easy to achieve without ocean energy development. The demand on the clean energy supply has been increased recently and there are many renewable energy development projects and plans announced worldwide. The ocean energy can be produced from tidal current, wave, tidal barrage and ocean thermal sources. The first step is to estimate the resource assessment for each energy source. There are several assessment methods introduced from IEA (International Energy Agency), IRENA (International Renewable Energy Agency), NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), EU ERENE (European Community for Renewable Energy), Bonn University, DLR (German Aerospace Center), etc.. Even these known methods have some sort of similarity; there are different definitions and classifications among them. In this paper, the four-step energy potentials are defined and introduced as theoretical, geographical, technical and market potentials. The theories for each step are presented for ocean energies together with clear definitions. As the tidal current energy research and development are active in Korea having very strong tidal current speed along the west and south coastal regions, the detail procedure for each step of energy potential assessment is introduced for tidal current energy. The paper will illustrate the case study of tidal current power assessment in western coastal region, South Korea with highlighting the key aspects in determining the resource potentials. 展开更多
关键词 TCP (tidal current power) resource assessment API (averaged power intercepted) tidal current farm planning.
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Pre-treatment of rocks prior to comminution--A critical review of present practices 被引量:7
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作者 Somani Aditya Nandi Tapas K. +1 位作者 Pal Samir K. Majumder Arun K. 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2017年第2期339-348,共10页
It has been an established fact that comminution processes, crushing and grinding, are most energy intensive processes which account for more than half of the total energy consumed in mineral industries.Various altern... It has been an established fact that comminution processes, crushing and grinding, are most energy intensive processes which account for more than half of the total energy consumed in mineral industries.Various alternative pre-treatment methods have been tried by experts around the globe. Although these methods yielded positive results in terms of reduction in energy consumption in crushing and particularly, in grinding operations at laboratory scale, their industrial application still remains an unresolved issue and challenge. Present review paper describes each one of these methods along with outcome of earlier studies and issues that need to be addressed through further rigorous experimental investigation.It also suggests the direction in which future studies can be carried out to meet the primary objective of making comminution processes more energy efficient than today they are. 展开更多
关键词 Comminution Rock breakage Microwave Thermal shock
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Net-Zero Energy Building Enhancement for a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Platinum Educational Facility
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作者 Aydin Tabrizi Paola Sanguinetti 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2014年第8期963-972,共10页
In the United States, university buildings use 17% of total non-residential building energy per year. According to the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), the average lifecycle of a building in a university... In the United States, university buildings use 17% of total non-residential building energy per year. According to the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), the average lifecycle of a building in a university is 42 years with an EUI (energy use intensity) of 23 kWh/m^2/y. Current building and energy codes limit the EUI to 16 kWh/m^2/y for new school buildings; this benchmark can vary depending on climate, occupancy, and other contextual factors. Although the LEED (leadership in energy and environmental design) system provides a set of guidelines to rate sustainable buildings, studies have shown that 28%-35% of the educational LEED-rated buildings use more energy than their conventional counterparts. This paper examines the issues specific to a LEED-rated design addition to an existing university building. The forum, a lecture hall expansion of to an existing building at the University of Kansas, has been proposed as environmentally friendly and energy-efficient building addition. Comfort and health aspects have been considered in the design in order to obtain LEED platinum certificate. The forum's energy performance strategies include a double-skin facade to reduce energy consumption and PV (photovoltaic) panels to generate onsite energy. This study considers various scenarios to meet NZEB (net-zero energy building) criteria and maximize energy savings. The feasibility of NZE criteria is evaluated for: (a) seasonal comparison; (b) facility occupancy; (c) PV panels' addition in relation to double skin facade. The results of NZEB approach are compared to LEED platinum requirements, based on Rol (return on investment) and PV panel's efficiency for this specific educational building. 展开更多
关键词 NZEB double skin facade energy plus educational building PV panels LEED
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Development of Biomass Utilization in Latvia
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作者 Peteris Shipkovs Galina Kashkarova +1 位作者 Kristina Lebedeva Lana Migla 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2013年第1期96-101,共6页
This paper describes an efficient and appropriate use of biomass in Latvian conditions as well as analyzing the current situation, leading to recommendations for rational use of biomass and the full implementation of ... This paper describes an efficient and appropriate use of biomass in Latvian conditions as well as analyzing the current situation, leading to recommendations for rational use of biomass and the full implementation of the Latvian energy sector. In recent year's, Latvian energy sector development analysis shows, that there is a positive tendency--an increase of local and renewable energy share of energy balance. The paper will be identified for future development opporttmities, and will undertake an analysis of renewable energy consumption forecasting in accordance with the renewable energy potential assessment, taking into account the effective use of innovative technologies and ecological aspects of the energy sector. Increasing use of biomass for district heating (and cogeneration), also increase the efficient use ofbiomass in cost efficiency and reducing of GHG emissions. Efficient use of biomass analyzed in the paper, taking into account technical, legislative, institutional/organizational, economic, information and financial aspects. Promoting of the efficient use of biomass will increase national energy independence. 展开更多
关键词 BIOMASS energy balance COGENERATION district heating biomass utilization.
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Outdoor Performance Evaluation of Grid-Connected PV Technologies in Cyprus
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作者 G. Makrides B. Zinsser +3 位作者 M. Norton G.E. Georghiou M. Schubert W.H. Wemer 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2010年第2期52-57,共6页
This paper presents the outdoor performance evaluation of different grid-connected PV technologies installed in Cyprus over a two year period. The PV research and testing facility at the University of Cyprus was commi... This paper presents the outdoor performance evaluation of different grid-connected PV technologies installed in Cyprus over a two year period. The PV research and testing facility at the University of Cyprus was commissioned in 2006 to perform continuous measurements of meteorological and PV operational parameters. The test site is appropriately equipped to undertake such evaluations at a very high resolution (1 measurement per second). The perfromance results obtained for the two year evaluation period clearly show how each PV technology has performed under the climatological conditions in Cyprus. Finally the high average energy yield of the fixed plate systems under test, 1580 kWh/kWp and 1609 kWh/kWp during the first and second year of evaluation respectively, also verifies that solar energy is a very promising renewable source of energy for countries with a high solar resource. 展开更多
关键词 Photovoltaics GRID-CONNECTED performance evaluation thin-film silicon.
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Higher Education on Building Energy and Sustainability in North Dakota
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作者 Huojun Yang Malini Srivastava Yanmei Xie 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2016年第9期540-544,共5页
Located in the cold and very cold semiarid steppe climate zone, North Dakota boasts not only long cold winters but also hot summers, which significantly increases the energy consumption of buildings. In fact, North Da... Located in the cold and very cold semiarid steppe climate zone, North Dakota boasts not only long cold winters but also hot summers, which significantly increases the energy consumption of buildings. In fact, North Dakota has the highest energy consumption per capita in residential buildings (101 MM Btu in 2013), and its energy consumption per capita in commercial buildings ranks the second (l 18 MM Btu in 2013) in the nation. When humans spend a long time indoors to escape the inclement weather, their health will be more susceptible to the indoor environment. In addition, North Dakota has the 3rd least number of green buildings certified by LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in the nation. This paper aims to investigate the status quo of buildings with respect to energy, health and sustainability in North Dakota, and attempts to propose strategies regarding research and higher education to rectify the current issues. These strategies include but not limited to forming the architectural engineering program, a comprehensive and interdisciplinary program in buildings. 展开更多
关键词 Higher education BUILDING ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY green building architectural engineering North Dakota.
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Energy consumption,indoor environmental quality,and benchmark for office buildings in Hainan Province of China 被引量:1
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作者 孔祥飞 吕石磊 +1 位作者 辛亚娟 吴薇 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第3期783-790,共8页
With rapid economy growth,building energy consumption in China has been gradually increased.The energy consumption and indoor environmental quality of 51 office buildings in Hainan Province,a hot and humid area,were s... With rapid economy growth,building energy consumption in China has been gradually increased.The energy consumption and indoor environmental quality of 51 office buildings in Hainan Province,a hot and humid area,were studied through collection of verified data in site visits and field tests.The result revealed that,electricity accounted for 99.79% of the total energy consumption,natural gas 0.17%,and diesel 0.04%.The air conditioning dominated the energy use with a share of 43.18%,equipment in the particular areas 26.90%,equipment in the office rooms 11.95%,lighting system 8.67%,general service system 7.57%,and miscellaneous items 1.73%.Statistical method including six indicators obtained the energy consumption benchmark with upper limit of 98.31 kW-h/m2 and lower limit of 55.26 kW-h/m2.According to ASHRAE standard(comfortable standard) and GB/T 18883-2002(acceptable standard),the indoor environmental quality of 51 sampled office buildings was classified into three ranks:good,normal and bad.With benchmark of building energy consumption combined with indoor environmental quality,it was found that only 3.92% of sampled buildings can be identified as the best performance buildings with low energy consumption and advanced indoor environmental quality,and the buildings classified into normal level accounted for the maximum ratio. 展开更多
关键词 building energy consumption BENCHMARK indoor environmental quality energy use index Hainan Province
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Some Potential Solutions to Global Environment Problems & Energy Crisis: Based on Design
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作者 P.M. Wang G. Liu 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2010年第6期55-59,共5页
Nowadays human society enters the 21st century, with the rapid economic and technological development, people's material and spiritual requirements has got great satisfaction. However, natural environmental damage br... Nowadays human society enters the 21st century, with the rapid economic and technological development, people's material and spiritual requirements has got great satisfaction. However, natural environmental damage brought by us is also accelerating. Natural disasters happen frequently, including ecological degradation and deterioration, energy resources crisis, greenhouse effect, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes etc. The global crisis has once again waken-up call to mankind. How to properly solve these crises had become a common and urgent responsibility of mankind. This paper will mainly discuss and seek some new potential methods in solving energy crisis and environmental problems from the perspective of automotive and architecture design. As an architect, how to avoid light pollution and reduce heat absorption of roof, increasing heat reflectance of roof are becoming their main and urgent responsibilities. On the other hand, reducing greenhouse effect, researching and developing new low-carbon, low-emission fuel sources are also becoming automotive designers' obligations. Living in harmony with nature & earth is becoming the common human themes of the 21 st century. 展开更多
关键词 Global crisis product architecture design SOLUTIONS harmony with nature
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Development of renewable energy in China:significance & strategic objectives
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作者 Du Xiangwan Huang Qili Li Junfeng 《Engineering Sciences》 EI 2009年第2期2-4,17,共4页
Based on CAE’s research report, this paper illustrates the background and purposes of the development strategy research of renewable energy in China, emphasizes the significance of developing renewable energy in Chin... Based on CAE’s research report, this paper illustrates the background and purposes of the development strategy research of renewable energy in China, emphasizes the significance of developing renewable energy in China, gives the strategic positions and development objectives of renewable energy in China in the first half of 21st century and contributes to green house gas emissions reduction and environmental protection in China. 展开更多
关键词 renewable energy development strategy China
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Status quo and prospect of the development for underground coal mine refuge chamber 被引量:2
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作者 Ming-bo PIAO Jun MAO Tie-jun WANG 《Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China)》 2013年第1期38-45,共8页
As one form of the energy resources, coal is becoming more and more important. Due to the particularity in coal mine production, mine accidents some time occur in countries all over the world, which result in large ca... As one form of the energy resources, coal is becoming more and more important. Due to the particularity in coal mine production, mine accidents some time occur in countries all over the world, which result in large casualties and economic losses. As equipment that can provides the miners with an emergency shelter when the coal mine accidents occur, the under ground coal mine refuge chamber is paid more and more attention by coal mine enterprises, and the application of the refuge chamber is increasingly widespread. The general functions, the classification, and the successful applications of the underground coal mine refuge chamber are illustrated first, and the research significance on the tmderground coal mine refuge chamber is stated. Following, the development status quo at home and abroad for the refuge chamber is introduced. Then, the implementation methods for the key functions of the underground coal mine refuge chamber are demonstrated. Finally, the prospect for the development of the underground coal mine refuge chamber is stated. 展开更多
关键词 coal mine production mine accident underground lifesaving underground refuge chamber PROSPECT
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Impact of renewable power market penetration on coal power generation capacity growth
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作者 ABDUL Majeed Aziz R. Larry Grayson VLADISLAV Kecojevic 《Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China)》 2011年第2期217-224,共8页
Since renewable energy sources are growing in importance, how well they can penetrate the energy market for power generation will be a very important factor in the role the coal industry will play in the future. This ... Since renewable energy sources are growing in importance, how well they can penetrate the energy market for power generation will be a very important factor in the role the coal industry will play in the future. This paper examined the displacement of coal power plant capacity from 2010 to 2050 by renewables with respect to three drivers assumed under various conditions: the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), Greenhouse Gas (GItG) policy, and varying plant capital cost cases. The results by 2050 illustrate that renewable market penetration captures anywhere from 1.9% to 6.4% of potential coal power generation capacity additions. Renewable power generation capacity additions is expected to outpace coal power plant additions by 89% with respect to ARRA in 2050, however with no GHG policy coal power generation capacity build-outs will outpace renewables by as high as 809%. Finally, coal power generation is still projected to be the largest single energy source contributor to the electricity market making up 28.0% of total available capacity, while renewables are expected to only make up 16.3% of total available capacity. 展开更多
关键词 COAL renewable energy power generation ELECTRICITY POLICY
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The Usage of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Microbial Fuel Cell System for Electricity Energy Production
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作者 Rita Arbianti Heri Hermansyah Tania Surya Utami Nova Chisilia Zahara Ira Trisnawati Ester Kristin 《Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering》 2012年第9期814-819,共6页
A laboratory-scale MFC (microbial fuel cell) was studied in order to determine the capacity and the efficiency of electricity production in microbial fuel cell system by using microorganisms. The medium used is an i... A laboratory-scale MFC (microbial fuel cell) was studied in order to determine the capacity and the efficiency of electricity production in microbial fuel cell system by using microorganisms. The medium used is an isolated culture ofSaccharomces cereviciae. A number of media has been evaluated to provide the best growth phase for Saccharomces cereviciae using optical density method with spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 550 nm. Nation 117, Lyntech, USA is used as proton exchange membrane and graphites with surface area 1.46 x 10.3 m2 are used as cathodes. Cathode chamber is fulfilled with a mixture of electrolyte compounds K3Fe(CN)6 and a buffer solution. Microbes that have been cultured are applied into anode chamber. A number of factors need to be controlled so that microbes can generate electrical energy efficiently, such as by measuring the degree of acidity and DO value in the anode compartment. In this research, the usage of riboflavin as a mediator is also investigated, while the usage of riboflavin increase production efficiency 53.90% compare to MFC without riboflavin as a mediator. 展开更多
关键词 MFC Saccharomyces cerevisiae electricity production.
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Biogas Perspectives in Livestock Sector in Brazil and the United States: Electric, Thermal and Vehicular Energy Use
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作者 Janaina Camile Pasqual Harry Alberto Bollmann Christopher Scott 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2017年第4期258-273,共16页
The demand for energy, water and food will continuously increase, as the prediction states that 2.5 billion people will be added to the world population by 2050, representing not only an increase in the consumption bu... The demand for energy, water and food will continuously increase, as the prediction states that 2.5 billion people will be added to the world population by 2050, representing not only an increase in the consumption but also more waste production, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and depletion of natural resources. Taking into account that renewable sources of energy can help to overcome these challenges and diversify the energy matrix in the countries, this paper aims at analyzing the biogas potential in Brazil and the United States, especially in the livestock sector, and its benefits in the environmental, social and economic aspects. Both countries are among the top five countries globally in terms of water availability, energy consumption and food production. Until 2050, the world consumption of meat will have a significant increase: 206% of poultry meat, 56% of pork meat and 47% of beef meat, augmenting the need for sustainable management of waste and manure. This scenario can become a sustainable opportunity for biogas implementation, which provides multiple economic, environmental and social benefits for farmers, businesses and communities, including production of electrical, thermal and vehicular energy, production of high-quality biofertilizer, reduction of ground and surface water pollution and reduction of GHG emissions, and foments new income for the farmers, among others. A new concept is presented in this article to make biogas systems feasible, i.e., biogas condominiums, as small and medium-scale farms by themselves usually would not be able to afford the investments. This arrangement can bring benefits for the whole biogas supply chain that includes farmers, agroindustry, providers and local community. 展开更多
关键词 Biogas condominiums BIOMETHANE LIVESTOCK climate changes.
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