能源政策评估的国际趋势与特征

在能源全球化的大背景下,大多数发达国家的政府部门和国际性能源组织积极开展能源政策评估,及时调整能源政策的制定和执行。能源政策评估在各国实践中表现为五大趋势和四大特征。具体体现为:以能源安全和环境保护为主的评估主旨,技术理性、经济理性和社会理性相权衡的评估初始点,政府、第三方机构和社会公众构成的多元评估体系,能源类、经济类和社会类相结合的评估指标,以及定量分析和定性分析相结合的评估方法。

Comparison of Residential Energy Consumption in Different Geographical Areas and Relevance for Environmental Policy

Residential energy consumption is varying considerably worldwide. In order to understand these variations, and thus design effective policies for energy reductions, one needs a better understanding of the different drivers behind these variations. A comparison of geographical areas with similar climate and socio-economic conditions has shown significant variations in residential energy consumption across otherwise comparable case studies. This research paper aims to identify cultural and historical parameters that contribute to these significant variations, including economic, environmental and social traditions related to local availability of natural resources. Furthermore, the transferability of these parameters is evaluated, taking into consideration local legislation and planning documents, and historic and socio-economic accessibility of resources. It is evaluated to which degree these parameters can be transferred and included into building assessment tools and policy documents for planning and transformation of sustainable urban neighborhoods.

蔡英文当局推进能源转型困境透视

台湾地区资源禀赋不足,能源高度依赖进口,缺乏能源自主性。岛内政治博弈导致能源议题“政治化”,政策制定偏离专业,加上地缘政治、新冠疫情等因素持续扰动全球能源秩序,使得蔡英文当局的能源转型政策面临较大困境与不确定性。可以预见,在岛内2022年“九合一”选举及2024年“大选”中,能源相关议题仍将持续发酵,并对岛内政经生态产生深远影响。