Internet of Things （IoT） refers to an infrastructure which enables the forms of com- munication and collaboration between people and things, and between things themselves. In order to improve its performance, we pre...Internet of Things （IoT） refers to an infrastructure which enables the forms of com- munication and collaboration between people and things, and between things themselves. In order to improve its performance, we present a tradeoff between bandwidth and energy con- sumption in the loT in this paper. A service providing model is built to find the relation- ship between bandwidth and energy consump- tion using a cooperative differential game mo- del. The game solution is gotten in the condi- tion of grand coalition, feedback Nash equili- brium and intermediate coalitions and an allo- cation policy is obtain by Shapley theory. The results are shown as follows. Firstly, the per- formance of IoT decreases with the increasing of bandwidth cost or with the decreasing of en- ergy cost; secondly, all the nodes in the IoT com- posing a grand coalition can save bandwidth and energy consumption; thirdly, when the fac- tors of bandwidth cost and energy cost are eq- ual, the obtained number of provided services is an optimised value which is the trade-off between energy and bandwidth consumption.展开更多
Energy saving,emission reduction and economic development are major issues China has to meet in building a harmonious society.On one hand,China should pursue a sustainable,fast and sound economic development,on the ot...Energy saving,emission reduction and economic development are major issues China has to meet in building a harmonious society.On one hand,China should pursue a sustainable,fast and sound economic development,on the other hand,she should try to decrease the overuse of energy resources and the environ- mental problems caused by the rapid economic growth. In this regard,on June 24,the Standing Committee of National People's Congress deliberated the draft of Energy Saving Law,according to which China is to take"resources saving"as a basic national policy.This is a key issue to the long-term benefits of China.With relevant questions,China's Foreign Trade interviewed Dr, Yonglong L(?),Secretary-general,Chinese Committee for SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment/ICSU).and Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Let's listen to Dr.L(?)'s comments with wisdom.展开更多
This paper presents a power system architecture where SIPO （series-input parallel-output） converters are controlled to achieve uniform inpt voltages across their respective series-connected power sources while also ...This paper presents a power system architecture where SIPO （series-input parallel-output） converters are controlled to achieve uniform inpt voltages across their respective series-connected power sources while also tracking the system optimum power point; the system optimum power point is the maximum power drawn from the series-connected power sources while their voltages are kept uniformly distributed. With proper uniform input voltage distribution control, near maximum use of the power sources is achieved by employing only one MPT （maximum power tracking） controller instead of multiple MPT controllers dedicated for their respective power sources. Provided that the maximum power point voltages of the input power sources are similar, the resulting system architecture offers near-maximum power transfer with a lower parts count. A feasibility study using computer simulation has successfully validated two SIPO power architectures and their control concepts for optimum power transfer.展开更多
Mining right asset securitization is a market financing pattern for mineral resources, and it is a creative application of financial asset securitization. Nowadays, because of world energy price decline, the world ene...Mining right asset securitization is a market financing pattern for mineral resources, and it is a creative application of financial asset securitization. Nowadays, because of world energy price decline, the world energy market is facing weak investment and financing sharply under pressure. Under this background, this paper aims at briefly commenting on the content, processes and impact of mining right asset securitization, understanding the international mining right asset securitization specific practices, and then combining the situation of China(Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so as to give advice for the development of mining right asset securitization in China. For instance, mineral mining rights and expenses system design are not clear, so the mineral values do not reflect their true costs and the need to speed up market credit system construction.展开更多
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We gratefully acknowledge anonymous revie- wers who read drafts and made many helpful suggestions. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61202079 the China Post- doctoral Science Foundation under Grant No. 2013M530526+2 种基金 the Foundation of Beijing En- gineering the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. FRF-TP-13-015A and the Technology Centre for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services.
文摘Internet of Things （IoT） refers to an infrastructure which enables the forms of com- munication and collaboration between people and things, and between things themselves. In order to improve its performance, we present a tradeoff between bandwidth and energy con- sumption in the loT in this paper. A service providing model is built to find the relation- ship between bandwidth and energy consump- tion using a cooperative differential game mo- del. The game solution is gotten in the condi- tion of grand coalition, feedback Nash equili- brium and intermediate coalitions and an allo- cation policy is obtain by Shapley theory. The results are shown as follows. Firstly, the per- formance of IoT decreases with the increasing of bandwidth cost or with the decreasing of en- ergy cost; secondly, all the nodes in the IoT com- posing a grand coalition can save bandwidth and energy consumption; thirdly, when the fac- tors of bandwidth cost and energy cost are eq- ual, the obtained number of provided services is an optimised value which is the trade-off between energy and bandwidth consumption.
文摘Energy saving,emission reduction and economic development are major issues China has to meet in building a harmonious society.On one hand,China should pursue a sustainable,fast and sound economic development,on the other hand,she should try to decrease the overuse of energy resources and the environ- mental problems caused by the rapid economic growth. In this regard,on June 24,the Standing Committee of National People's Congress deliberated the draft of Energy Saving Law,according to which China is to take"resources saving"as a basic national policy.This is a key issue to the long-term benefits of China.With relevant questions,China's Foreign Trade interviewed Dr, Yonglong L(?),Secretary-general,Chinese Committee for SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment/ICSU).and Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Let's listen to Dr.L(?)'s comments with wisdom.
文摘This paper presents a power system architecture where SIPO （series-input parallel-output） converters are controlled to achieve uniform inpt voltages across their respective series-connected power sources while also tracking the system optimum power point; the system optimum power point is the maximum power drawn from the series-connected power sources while their voltages are kept uniformly distributed. With proper uniform input voltage distribution control, near maximum use of the power sources is achieved by employing only one MPT （maximum power tracking） controller instead of multiple MPT controllers dedicated for their respective power sources. Provided that the maximum power point voltages of the input power sources are similar, the resulting system architecture offers near-maximum power transfer with a lower parts count. A feasibility study using computer simulation has successfully validated two SIPO power architectures and their control concepts for optimum power transfer.
基金the Key Research Project of Shanxi Provincial Federation of Social Sciences(No.SSKLZDKT2014043)
文摘Mining right asset securitization is a market financing pattern for mineral resources, and it is a creative application of financial asset securitization. Nowadays, because of world energy price decline, the world energy market is facing weak investment and financing sharply under pressure. Under this background, this paper aims at briefly commenting on the content, processes and impact of mining right asset securitization, understanding the international mining right asset securitization specific practices, and then combining the situation of China(Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so as to give advice for the development of mining right asset securitization in China. For instance, mineral mining rights and expenses system design are not clear, so the mineral values do not reflect their true costs and the need to speed up market credit system construction.
