城市污水处理能耗能效研究进展

城市污水处理属于能量密集的综合技术 ,文章综述了国内外 30余年城市污水处理在能耗分析、能源使用的审计与管理以及节能工艺和运行方式的开发等领域的研究进展。文章认为 ,由于能耗能效研究的理论架构尚未确立 ,造成分析方法、评价手段滞后于实际应用的发展 ,因而生物热力学、化工热力学及能源工程学与污水处理领域基础学科的交叉和融合是必然趋势 ,这一趋势将促使处理工艺能耗能效研究体系化和多样化 。

城市污水处理能耗能效研究进展

对于城市的污水处理来说,它是一个综合性的技术,对于它的能耗的研究也是目前的一个重点。本文针对于城市污水处理能耗能效研究的现状做了一些探讨。

城市污水处理能耗能效研究进展

分析了中国城市污水处理存在的问题,研究了完善城市污水处理技术,以提倡节能处理,从根本上解决污水处理高能耗问题。

公共建筑践行运行能耗总量控制的探索:《民用机场航站楼能效评价指南》

为贯彻落实建筑能耗总量控制﹑规范建筑运行能耗管理﹑推进建筑节能全过程管理,中国民用航空局航空器适航审定司于2015年启动编制行业标准《民用机场航站楼能效评价指南》,并于2016年5月1日起实施.该标准也是对国家标准《民用建筑能耗标准》的重要补充,是践行公共建筑领域按运行能耗总量控制推动建筑节能发展的有益探索.介绍了该行业标准的主要内容,包括标准编制思路﹑机场航站楼能耗能效评价指标的约束值和引导值范围﹑对我国机场航站楼总体节能效果的作用.

城市污水处理厂能效分析

为解决城市污水处理厂运行中的能耗问题,本文以具体污水处理厂的运行操作为例,通过对城市污水处理厂具体运行能耗进行研究,从污水处理工艺角度入手,分析造成污水处理能耗的影响因素,并提出促进城市污水处理厂能效提升的具体策略,包括优化改善污水提升系统、改造曝气系统、创新污泥处理系统等相关方面内容,以供相关工程参考。

能源管理系统助力节能增效

本文介绍了能源管理系统,以及其帮助企业管理者实时掌握能效现状、发现节能机会、进行有针对性的节能改造、评估节能改造效果、确保在安全高效的前提下降低能源消耗成本的积极作用。

供热系统总量控制与分户计量节能技术实施对策

供热体制改革促进了供热系统现代技术的应用,本文针对供热分户计量实施过程中普遍存在的问题,提出集中供热系统总量控制策略和实施方案,实现节能应该从源开始,设备匹配是关键,过程控制热负荷是依据,供热量是保证。适时优化控制、量化管理、提升能效对提高系统运行管理水平至关重要,并提供供热系统量化管理总量控制应用案例分析。

五星级酒店能耗比对及能效评价工具开发及应用分析

本文以五星级酒店建筑为例,基于调研得到的建筑基本信息及实际能耗数据,建立了适用于五星级酒店建筑的能耗比对及评价工具,并应用该工具对调研酒店建筑的能耗特点及节能潜力进行了分析。

江苏省可再生能源建筑应用推广及案例

本文介绍江苏省可再生能源建筑利用的推广应用情况,主要指地源热泵和太阳能利用技术,总结发展过程中存在的问题并提出发展展望,最后列举可再生能源应用工程案例。

Online monitoring and assessment of energy efficiency for copper smelting process

The copper flash smelting process is characterized by its involvement of wide energy sources and high energy consumption, so the energy conservation is usually a highly concerned topic for the flash smelting enterprises. However, due to the complexity of the system, it is quite difficult to perform a timely comprehensive analysis of the energy consumption of the whole production system. Aiming to realize an online assessment of the energy consumption of the system, great effort was first made in Jinguan Copper, Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Co. Ltd. Methods were proposed to solve technical difficulties such as the acquisition and processing of data with different sampling frequencies, the online evaluation of the electricity consumption, and timely evaluation of product output in the periodic process. As a result, a software system was developed to make the online analysis of the energy consumption and efficiency from the three levels ranging from the system to the equipment. The analytical results at the system level was introduce. It’s found that electricity is the most consumed energy in the system, accounting for 77.3% of the total energy consumption. The smelting unit has the highest energy consumption, accounting for 52.8% of the total energy consumed in the whole enterprise.

Capacity-Power Consumption and Energy-Efficiency Evaluation of Green Wireless Networks

In this paper,we discuss in detail the basic issue of green design and consider an energy efficiency function as the metric to evaluate green cellular networks.Specifically,we investigate the transmit power required for an expected transmission capacity and propose a capacity-power formula based on the energy conservation and the Shannon capacity theorem.Two novel definitions of cell interference depth and handoff dynamic model are introduced and the corresponding expression of energy efficiency function is derived.Numerical results show that the energy efficiency function is closely correlated with the transmitted/received power required and the cell radius.Our work provides a useful basis for research and evaluation on green design and technology of cellular networks.

Kinetic energy and its applications in mining engineering

Reduction of energy consumption in comminution is of significant importance in mining industry. To reduce such energy consumption the energy efficiency in an individual operation such as blasting must be increased. By using both new investigations and previous experimental results, this paper demonstrates that (1) kinetic energy carried by moving fragments in rock fracture is notable and it increases with an increasing loading rate;(2) this kinetic energy can be well used in secondary fragmentation in crushing and blasting. Accordingly, part of the muck pile from previous blast should be left in front of new(bench) face in either open pit or underground blasting. If so, when new blast occurs, the fragments from the new blast will collide with the muck pile left from the previous blast, and the kinetic energy carried by the moving fragments will be partly used in their secondary fragmentation.

Energy Efficient Switch Policy for Small Cells

Switch policy is essential for small cells to properly serve variable number of users in an energy efficient way.However,frequently switching small cell base stations(SBSs) may increase the network operating cost,especially when there is an nonnegligible start-up energy cost.To this end,by observing the variety of user number,we focus on the design of a switch policy which minimize the cumulative energy consumption.A given user transmission rate is guaranteed and the capability of SBSs are limited as well.According to the knowledge on user number variety,we classify the energy consumption problem into two cases.In complete information case,to minimize the cumulative energy consumption,an offline solution is proposed according to critical segments.A heuristic algorithm for incomplete information case(HAIIC) is proposed by tracking the difference of cumulative energy consumption.The upper bound of the Energy Consumption Ratio(ECR) for HAIIC is derived as well.In addition,a practical Q-learning based probabilistic policy is proposed.Simulation results show that the proposed HAIIC algorithm is able to save energy efficiently.

A Game Theoretic Approach for Energy-Efficient In-Network Caching in Content-Centric Networks

Recently, content-centric networking （CCN） has become a hot research topic for the diffusion of contents over the Internet. Most existing works on CCN focus on the improvement of network resource utilization. Consequently, the energy consumption aspect of CCN is largely ignored. In this paper, we propose a distributed energyefficient in-network caching scheme for CCN, where each content router only needs locally available information to make caching decisions considering both caching energy consumption and transport energy consumption. We formulate the in-network caching problem as a non-cooperative game. Through rigorous mathematical analysis, we prove that pure strategy Nash equilibria exist in the proposed scheme, and it always has a strategy profile that implements the socially optimal configuration, even if the touters are self-interested in nature. Simulation results are presented to show that the distributed solution is competitive to the centralized scheme, and has superior performance compared to other popular caching schemes in CCN. Besides, it exhibits a fast convergence speed when the capacity of content routers varies.

致力于实现用电和能源的智能化管理 访深圳市中电电力技术股份有限公司市场总监朱琳

中电技术公司坚持国际发展,逐步朝着"成长为智能用电及能源管理领域的中国的世界级企业"的愿景稳步发展。随着能源短缺,成本压力的不断上升,用电系统的节能增效以及智能化管理逐渐成为用户业主单位关注的重点。深圳市中电电力技术股份有限公司作为业内领先的建筑和工业智能用电管理、能源管理和节能增效管理的高新技术企业,坚持研发高品质的电力的保护、监控、计量装置和系统解决方案,

Invited Paper: Antenna Selection in Energy Efficient MIMO Systems: A Survey

With the explosive growth and need for high-speed wireless communications, more and more energy is consumed to support the required quality of service. Therefore, energy efficient or green communication has become a very hot topic under the ground of limited energy resource and environmentally friendly transmission schemes. MIMO technique is capable of reducing the transmission power thanks to its diversity and multiplexing gain. Moreover, antenna selection(AS) is an alternative to extract many of the benefits in MIMO systems with a reduced cost of complexity and power. Although many works including several survey papers have investigated AS in MIMO systems, the goal of these works is only the capacity maximization or error rate minimization, which fails to guarantee the optimality of the energy efficiency in MIMO systems. In this paper, we overview the state of the art in the AS schemes in energy efficient MIMO systems, the goal of which is to optimize the energy efficiency of the whole system. Specifically, we introduce energy efficient AS in point-to-point MIMO, cooperative MIMO, multiuser MIMO and largescale MIMO systems, respectively. Several challenging and practical issues in this area are also addressed.

A Low-Overhead Energy-Efficient ARQ Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network(WSN) is a typical kind of low-power and lossy network,in where ARQ(Automatic Repeat reQuest)schemes are often used to improve packets reliability.However,the ARQ related packets may incur significant load and consume more energy.This paper proposes a novel energy efficient ARQ protocol called ARQ+,which uses the nearest-first scheme and NAK aggregation scheme to reduce the amount and transmission hops of the ARQ related packets.Consequently,the energy consumption is significantly decreased.Theoretical analyses of ARQ+ on energy consumption,packet arrive ratio and latency are provided.Performance improvement of ARQ+ is validated by extensive simulations.They both show that ARQ+ has satisfactory energy efficiency,good packets arriving ratio and reasonable average packet delay comparing to traditional ARQ schemes.

Delay optimization for planar wireless sensor network with N-policy

In N-policy, the nodes attempt to seize the channel when the number of packets in the buffer approaches N. The performance of N-policy on the energy efficiency is widely studied in the past years. And it is presented that there exists one optimal N to minimize the energy consumption. However, it is noticed that the delay raised by N-policy receives little attention. This work mathematically proves the delay to monotonically increase with increasing N in the collision-unfree channel. For planar network where the near-to-sink nodes burden heavier traffic than the external ones, the data stemming from the latter undergo longer delay.The various-N algorithm is proposed to address this phenomenon by decreasing the threshold N of outer nodes. Without the impacting on the network longevity, the maximum delay among the network has decreased 62.9% by the algorithm. Extensive simulations are given to verify the effectiveness and correctness of our analysis.

BENIMPACT Suite： A Tool for ZEB Performance Assessment

In the last years, there has been a big development of European policies and regulations on energy saving topics. This is due to the will to reach the targets of 20-20-20. Buildings consume a lot of energy, so the legal framework related to the reduction of energy consumption in this sector has had a huge evolution. The ＂NZEB （nearly zero energy building）＂ concept was introduced in 2010, eight years after the release of the original EPBD （energy performance of buildings directive）. By 2020, all new buildings and buildings that are subject to renovation should have very low energy consumption, covered for the major part by renewable sources. Designing and realizing this kind of building is a very ambitious task, which needs to be supported by appropriate tools and software. This paper presents a new tool for assessing building performance, named BENIMPACT Suite （building＇s environmental impact evaluator and optimizer）, which is developed by EnginSoft （Italy）. The suite is organized in different core modules that allow to verify how the building performance level is influenced by different design choices, such as envelope shape and materials, plant systems, renewable sources use, etc.. One of the test cases used to validate the BENIMPACT Suite energy performance is the evaluation of an interesting Italian ZEB, finished in 2010 and called CasaZeroEnergy. It is located in Felettano （Udine）, a small town in northeastern Italy. This building is an experimental house designed and monitored by the Laboratory of Building Design of the University of Trento （Italy） and built by Polo Le Ville Plus Group （Cassacco-ltaly）. The energy performance of this building was modelled and evaluated using BENIMPACT Suite, and simulation results were compared with monitored data.

A cooperative user selection scheme based on energy efficiency and interference factor in cooperative communication systems

With the rapid development of green communications,energy consumption issue plays more and more important role in cooperative communication strategies and communication systems.Based on cooperative transmission model,a cooperative user selection scheme is proposed in consideration of both energy efficiency and interference factor.With the proposed scheme,the selected cooperative user consumes less energy and receives less interference.Furthermore,the main factor is analyzed to affect system performance,including signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of source user and cooperative user,distance between source user and cooperative user or base station(BS),and fading factor in the transmission model.Through the proposed scheme,energy consumption and influence of interference are jointly taken into account during the cooperative user selection process.Besides,bit error rate(BER)in proposed scheme is also superior to existing schemes.Simulation results are presented to show the performance improvement of the proposed scheme.