HIsmelt熔融还原主反应器能质流转模型构建与验证

HIsmelt熔融还原炼铁工艺以铁矿粉和煤粉作为原料,流程中不需要烧结、球团和焦化,与高炉炼铁流程相比具有降碳减排等优势。明晰能质流转过程对HIsmelt熔融还原炼铁实际生产具有指导意义。基于物料平衡、热平衡方程,对输入和输出HIsmelt主反应器物质和能量进行平衡计算,建立能质流转模型,并结合FactSage中Equilib模块计算的各元素在渣铁两相间的质量分配比及实际生产数据对其进行修正。该模型可以计算原料和燃料成分、矿煤质量比、二次燃烧率、热风氧含量等参数对铁水温度、炉渣成分、热风量、煤气量等主要冶炼指标的影响。其次依据该模型,进行了物料平衡、热平衡计算,依据实际生产数据对模型计算结果进行了验证,结果表明该模型与实际生产数据契合度较高。探究了矿煤质量比对冶炼的影响,矿煤质量比为1.39~1.45时,矿煤质量比降低0.1,会使二次燃烧率降低0.23%,进而造成煤气化学能的利用率降低,同时需要更多的热风使煤粉燃烧,热风量和煤气产生量增加,可以通过适当提高热风氧含量以提高二次燃烧率并使煤气量降低来改善;矿煤质量比降低0.001,会使铁水温度升高3.76℃,有利于铁水后续的加工处理,但铁水温度升高使铁元素在铁液与渣中的比值降低,使炉渣FeO质量分数升高0.026%,增加铁损,可通过降低富氧热风喷吹量来降低铁的氧化量,从而降低铁损。

Power Quality Improvement Using Grid Side Converter of Wind Energy Conversion System

This paper presents the control ofa WECS （wind energy conversion system）, equipped with a DFIG （doubly fed induction generator）, for maximum power generation and power quality improvement simultaneously. The proposed control algorithm is applied to a DFIG whose stator is directly connected to the grid and the rotor is connected to the grid through a back-to-back AC-DC-AC PWM （pulse width modulation） converter. The RSC （rotor side converter） is controlled in such a way to extract a maximum power, for a wide range of wind speed. The GSC （grid side converter） is controlled in order to filter harmonic currents of a nonlinear load coupled at the PCC （point of common coupling） and ensure smooth DC bus voltage. Simulation results show that the wind turbine can operate at its optimum energy for a wide range of wind speed and power quality improvement is achieved.