最小知能链理论初探

本文首先提出一个新概念,即”最小知能链”,并且认为,这个新概念的形成与应用,对于丰富和发展学习心理学的有关理论,对于提高中小学的学习速率和效益,对于减轻其过重的课业负担,对于有效地教会学生学习,具有十分重要的意义。

基于微波无线传能的动态无线传能链路多目标规划问题

针对利用无线传能技术对移动无人单元进行动态传能的需求,选取微波无线传能作为传能方式.考虑在无线传能发射端与接收端之间设置中继传能节点的必要性,以及因无人单元连续移动所导致的无线传能链路的动态性,基于这类动态链路上采用不同中继传能节点部署方案所带来的在传能效率、系统成本等指标上的变化,构建一个包含发射端、接收端和可移动能量中继平台的动态无线传能链路多目标规划模型,在此基础上根据决策变量的特点,采用两种不同的进化算法对动态无线传能链路多目标规划模型进行双层迭代求解.求解结果验证了模型的有效性和微波能量中继传输对提高动态无线传能链路平均传能效率的作用.

156FM摩托车发动机凸轮链张紧机构的改进

目前,摩托车发动机向着高速和强化的方向发展。摩托车用发动机越来越多地采用顶置凸轮配气机构,而顶置凸轮配气机构是由链条传动的,这必然就牵涉到凸轮链的张紧问题。在我国现有的骑式摩托车用发动机上,多采用人工调节或半自动张紧装置。由于需要用户定期检查调节。

Rational Synthesis of Crystalline Covalent Triazine Framework with Methylthio Pendant Arms for Efficient Mercury(Ⅱ)Adsorption

The interest in curtailing environmental pollution issues through physical separation processes has inspired an extensive search for novel nanoporous materials with exceptional adsorption capabilities.Covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs),emerged as a class of crystalline covalent organic frameworks(COFs),have been widely examined for various separation applications,owing to their large porosity,high stability,and rich nitrogen(N)doping.The development of CTFs for efficient adsorption of mercury(Ⅱ)(Hg^(2+))is of great importance for the field,whereas it is rarely attempted,on account of limited synthetic strategies and unknown structural-property relations of conventional CTFs derived from ionothermal approaches.Herein,we report rational synthesis of a crystalline CTF with methylthio pendant arms for efficient removal of Hg^(2+)with an exceptional capacity of 751 mg·g^(-1),ranking at the top among previously-reported adsorbents.This work may open up new possibility in the synthesis of COFs for various separations.

Development status and prospect of cold chain logistics of fruits,vegetables,and agricultural products based on intelligent technology

The cold chain in the production area of fruits and vegetables is the primary link to reduce product loss and improve product quality,but it is also a weak link.With the application of big data technology in cold chain logistics,intelligent devices,and technologies have become important carriers for improving the efficiency of cold chain logistics in fruit and vegetable production areas,extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables,and reducing fruit and vegetable losses.They have many advantages in fruit and vegetable pre-cooling,sorting and packaging,testing,warehousing,transportation,and other aspects.This article summarizes the rapidly developing and widely used intelligent technologies at home and abroad in recent years,including automated guided vehicle intelligent handling based on electromagnetic or optical technology,intelligent sorting based on sensors,electronic optics,and other technologies,intelligent detection based on computer vision technology,intelligent transportation based on perspective imaging technology,etc.It analyses and studies the innovative research and achievements of various scholars in applying intelligent technology in fruit and vegetable cold chain storage,sorting,detection,transportation,and other links,and improves the efficiency of fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics.However,applying intelligent technology in fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics also faces many problems.The challenges of high cost,difficulty in technological integration,and talent shortages have limited the development of intelligent technology in the field of fruit and vegetable cold chains.To solve the current problems,it is proposed that costs be controlled through independent research and development,technological innovation,and other means to lower the entry threshold for small enterprises.Strengthen integrating intelligent technology and cold chain logistics systems to improve data security and system compatibility.At the same time,the government should introduce relevant policies,provide necessary financial support,and establish talent training mechanisms.Accelerate the development and improvement of intelligent technology standards in the field of cold chain logistics.Through technological innovation,cost control,talent cultivation,and policy guidance,we aim to promote the upgrading of the agricultural industry and provide ideas for improving the quality and efficiency of fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics.

Studies on Degradation Characteristic of LAS High-resistance Strain

A IAS degradation strain with high resistance, which could take linear alkylbenzene sulphonate （LAS） as only carton origin for growth, was isolated from the drain canal of Hangao Detergent Plant of Xuzhou. The characteristic of its degradation was researched and the results showed that the optimum conditions of this strain for degrading LAS were 30℃, pH 6.0, 150 ml solution in 500 ml triangle vase, 120 r/min, LAS concentration of 200 - 600 mg/L. The growth amount of the bacteria were up to 0. 443 （ OD400 ） and the degrading rate was up to 89.4%. The ability of the bacterium to degrade LAS could be as high as concentration of 1 200 mg/L.

略论转换经营机制

转换机制是我国深化经济改革的突破口,认识深化是改革深化的先导,正值举国上下把热点转移到转换机制上来的时候,有必要对其几个基本理论问题进行探讨,以正本清源,统一思想,加快改革步伐。

Multiple Purpose Simulation for Electric Vehicles

Aim Toshorten integral design period of electric vehicles Methods The electric vehicle simulation program(EVSP), a modular user-friendly program which is written in Borland C++ OWL for Windows was developed. Results EVSP allows simulating the dynamic and the economy performance of electric vehicles.EVSP provides many kinds of data input module,a large components library of electric vehicles and several kinds of speed cycle with these library,it is easily to develop a new concept of different drive trains or even to compare or improve the existing electric vehicles. The paper simulated the performance of YW6120DD Electric Bus, and analyzed the test results comparing with simulation results Conclusion The simulation results indicate that the EVSP may contribute to the developments of electric vehicles in general and the definition of the optimal match management in the drive train in particular.

Elastic Behaviors of Adsorbed Protein-like Chains

Elastic behaviors of protein-like chains are investigated by Pruned-Enriched-Rosenbluth method and modified orientation-dependent monomer-monomer interactions model. The protein-like chain is pulled away from the attractive surface slowly with elastic force acting on it. Strong adsorption interaction and no adsorption interaction are both considered. We calculate the characteristic ratio and shape factor of protein-like chains in the process of elongation. The conformation change of the protein-like chain is well depicted. The shape of chain changes from “rod” to “sphere” at the beginning of elongation. Then, the shape changes from “sphere” to “rod”. In the end, the shape becomes a “sphere” as the chain leaves away from the surface. In the meantime, we discuss average Helmoholtz free energy per bond, average energy per bond, average adsorbed energy per bond, average α-helical energy per bond, average β-sheet energy per bond and average contact energy per bond. On the other hand, elastic force is also studied. It is found that elastic force has a long plateau during the tensile elongation when there exists adsorption interaction. This result is consistent with SMFS experiment of general polymers. Energy contribution to elastic force and contact energy contribution to elastic force are both discussed. These investigations can provide some insights into the elastic behaviors of adsorbed protein chains.

Study of the Conductance Characteristic of Doped Polymer by Monte Carlo Method

The conduct mechanism of the doped polymer is considered. In an asymmetrysystem composed of high polymer and doping conductive matte, chain or congeries framework will beformed between the conductive particles to improve the conductance characteristic. In thisprocession, the conductive particles interact to each other. In this paper, we describe theconductance of the doped polymer by Monte Carlo method. The results accord with the experimentsquite well. It can be concluded that there is an evident change of doped polymer from nonconductorto metal.

Horizontal-Based Orchestration for Multi-Domain SFC in SDN/NFV-Enabled Satellite/Terrestrial Networks

It's promising to use Software-Defined Networking(SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization(NFV) to integrate satellite and terrestrial networks. To construct network service function chains in such a multi-domain environment, we propose a horizontal-based Multi-domain Service Function Chaining(Md-SFC) orchestration framework. In this framework, multi-domain orchestrators can coordinate with each other to guarantee the end-to-end service quality. Intra-domain orchestrators also coordinate SDN controllers and NFV management components to implement intra-domain service function chains. Based on this, we further propose a heuristic SFC mapping algorithm with a cooperative inter-domain path calculation method to map service function chains to infrastructures. In this method, master multi-domain orchestrator and intra-domain orchestrators coordinate to select proper inter-domain links. We compare the cooperative method with a naive uncooperative way that domains' topology information is provided to the master multi-domain orchestrator and it calculates the shortest inter-domain path between intra-domain service function chains directly. Simulation results demonstrate that our solution is feasible. It is able to construct end-to-end performance guaranteed service function chain by horizontal-based cooperation. The cooperative inter-domain path calculation method decreasesthe mapping load for the master orchestrator and gets the same end-to-end performance.

Application of functional-link neural network in evaluation of sublayer suspension based on FWD test

Several methods for evaluating the sublayer suspension beneath old pavement with falling weight deflectormeter(FWD), were summarized and the respective advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. Based on these methods, the evaluation principles were improved and a new type of the neural network, functional-link neural network was proposed to evaluate the sublayer suspension with FWD test results. The concept of function link, learning method of functional-link neural network and the establishment process of neural network model were studied in detail. Based on the old pavement over-repairing engineering of Kaiping section, Guangdong Province in G325 National Highway, the application of functional-link neural network in evaluation of sublayer suspension beneath old pavement based on FWD test data on the spot was investigated. When learning rate is 0.1 and training cycles are 405, the functional-link network error is less than 0.000 1, while the optimum chosen 4-8-1 BP needs over 10 000 training cycles to reach the same accuracy with less precise evaluation results. Therefore, in contrast to common BP neural network,the functional-link neural network adopts single layer structure to learn and calculate, which simplifies the network, accelerates the convergence speed and improves the accuracy. Moreover the trained functional-link neural network can be (adopted) to directly evaluate the sublayer suspension based on FWD test data on the site. Engineering practice indicates that the functional-link neural model gains very excellent results and effectively guides the pavement over-repairing construction.

Service Function Chain Orchestration across Multiple Clouds

Network function virtualization is a new network concept that moves network functions from dedicated hardware to software-defined applications running on standard high volume severs. In order to accomplish network services, traffic flows are usually processed by a list of network functions in sequence which is defined by service function chain. By incorporating network function virtualization in inter-data center(DC) network, we can use the network resources intelligently and deploy network services faster. However, orchestrating service function chains across multiple data centers will incur high deployment cost, including the inter-data center bandwidth cost, virtual network function cost and the intra-data center bandwidth cost. In this paper, we orchestrate SFCs across multiple data centers, with a goal to minimize the overall cost. An integer linear programming(ILP) model is formulated and we provide a meta-heuristic algorithm named GBAO which contains three modules to solve it. We implemented our algorithm in Python and performed side-by-side comparison with prior algorithms. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm reduces the overall cost by at least 21.4% over the existing algorithms for accommodating the same service function chain requests.

Performance of Physical-Layer Network Coding in Asymmetric Two-Way Relay Channels

In this paper, we study the performance of physical-layer network coding in asymmetric two-way relay channels using four different cases having different poor channels:phase asymmetry, downlink asymmetry, uplink asymmetry and node asymmetry. The decision and mapping rule for symmetric and asymmetric cases are studied. The performance in terms of bit error rate for each case will be studied and analysed by computer simulation. Analytical and simulation results show that uplink asymmetry is the worst case;intra-phase asymmetry and unreliable uplink channels will more severely affect the performance degradation, which is caused by channel asymmetry.

Steady-State Performance Evaluation of Linux TCPs versus TCP Wave over Leaky Satellite Links

Internet access is becoming even more heterogeneous, including different wireless backhauling links, with Ka-band satellites as a possible alternative. Since communication path is unknown a priori, adoption of PEP solutions to optimize TCP performance over satellite is discouraged to allow dynamic network reconfigurations. To opposite, an endto-end TCP performance evaluation on such a challenging scenario, with possible large latency and transmission losses, is herein considered of paramount importance. Several TCP variants exist to tackle different aspects of communication networks. In Linux, the different TCP congestion control schemes differ from the theoretical formulations and RFC specifications, introducing a varying set of optimizations and options. This aspect makes difficult to identify a standard/reference TCP version for the proposed scenario, while testing with the real protocol stacks is deemed necessary to obtain consistent results. In addition, an innovative end-to-end TCP, namely TCP Wave, is introduced to replace the traditional window-based transmission with a burst-based strategy, representing a valid alternative to Linux TCP. To offer a fair, realistic and comprehensive evaluation, we configured a simulation setup where different Linux TCPs can be run within ns-3 network simulator and compared with TCP Wave.

Significance of regenerating islet-derived type Ⅳ gene expression in gastroenterological cancers

The regenerating islet-derived members （Reg）, a group of small secretory proteins, which are involved in cell proliferation or differentiation in digestive organs, are upregulated in several gastrointestinal cancers, functioning as trophic or antiapoptotic factors. Regenerat- ing islet-derived type Ⅳ （RegⅣ）, a member of the Reg gene family, has been reported to be overexpressed in gastroenterological cancers. RegIV overexpression in tumor cells has been associated with carcinogen- esis, cell growth, survival and resistance to apoptosis. Cancer tissue expressing RegIV is generally associated with more malignant characteristics than that with- out such expression, and RegⅣ is considered a novel prognostic factor as well as diagnostic marker in some gastroenterological cancers. We previously investigated the expression levels of RegⅣ mRNA of 202 surgical colorectal cancer specimens with quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and reported that a higher level of RegⅣ gene expression was a significant independent predictor of colorec- tal cancer. The biologic functions of RegⅣ protein in cancer tissue, associated with carcinogenesis, anti- apoptosis and invasiveness, are being elucidated by molecular investigations using transfection techniques or neutralizing antibodies of RegIV, and the feasibility of antibody therapy targeting RegIV is being assessed. These studies may lead to novel therapeutic strate- gies for gastroenterological cancers expressing RegⅣ. This review article summarizes the current information related to biological functions as well as clinical impor- tance of RegⅣ gene to clarify the significance of Reg~ expression in gastroenterological cancers.

Residual life estimation based on bivariate Wiener degradation process with measurement errors

An adaptive method of residual life estimation for deteriorated products with two performance characteristics (PCs) was proposed, which was sharply different from existing work that only utilized one-dimensional degradation data. Once new degradation information was available, the residual life of the product being monitored could be estimated in an adaptive manner. Here, it was assumed that the degradation of each PC over time was governed by a Wiener degradation process and the dependency between them was characterized by the Frank copula function. A bivariate Wiener process model with measurement errors was used to model the degradation measurements. A two-stage method and the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method were combined to estimate the unknown parameters in sequence. Results from a numerical example about fatigue cracks show that the proposed method is valid as the relative error is small.

Energy optimal routing for long chain-type wireless sensor networks in underground mines

Wireless sensor networks are useful complements to existing monitoring systems in underground mines. They play an important role of enhancing and improving coverage and flexibility of safety monitoring systems.Regions prone to danger and environments after disasters in underground mines require saving and balancing energy consumption of nodes to prolong the lifespan of networks.Based on the structure of a tunnel,we present a Long Chain-type Wireless Sensor Network（LC-WSN）to monitor the safety of underground mine tunnels.We define the optimal transmission distance and the range of the key region and present an Energy Optimal Routing（EOR）algorithm for LC-WSN to balance the energy consumption of nodes and maximize the lifespan of networks.EOR constructs routing paths based on an optimal transmission distance and uses an energy balancing strategy in the key region.Simulation results show that the EOR algorithm extends the lifespan of a network,balances the energy consumption of nodes in the key region and effectively limits the length of routing paths,compared with similar algorithms.

Distribution of Vibrational Energy Levels of Protein Molecular Chains

The distributions of the quantum vibrational energy levels of the protein molecular chain are found by the discretely nonlinear Schr?dinger equation appropriate to protein obtained from the Davydov theory. The results calculated by this method are basically consistent with the experimental values. Furthermore, the energy spectra at high excited states have also been obtained for the molecular chain which is helpful in researching the properties of infrared absorption and Raman scattering of the protein molecules.

Energy Level of Coupled Harmonic Oscillator Model Born of Heisenberg Ferromagetic Spin Chain Derived by Invariant Eigen-operator Method

Based on the coupled harmonic oscillator model, which is born of Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain with nearest-neighbor interactions, we adopt the invariant eigen-operator method to derive its energy level, which provides an alternate approach to dealing with the dynamics of spin chain.