The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is a significant process in chemical industry, but challenged in some cases. Compared with conventional separation technologies, pervaporation is quite promisi...The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is a significant process in chemical industry, but challenged in some cases. Compared with conventional separation technologies, pervaporation is quite promising in terms of its economical, energy-saving, and eco-friendly advantages. However, this technique has not been used in industry for separating aromatic/aliphatic mixtures yet. One of the main reasons is that the separation performance of existed pervaporation membranes is unsatisfactory. Membrane material is an important factor that affects the separation performance. This review provides an overview on the advances in studying membrane materials for the pervaporation separation of aromatic/aliphatic mixtures over the past decade. Explored pristine polymers and their hybrid materials(as hybrid membranes) are summarized to highlight their nature and separation performance. We anticipate that this review could provide some guidance in the development of new materials for the aromatic/aliphatic pervaporation separation.展开更多
Ionic liquids can replace conventional solvents in aromatic/aliphatic extractions, if they have higher aromatic distribution coef- ficients and higher or similar aromatic/aliphatic selectivities. Also physical propert...Ionic liquids can replace conventional solvents in aromatic/aliphatic extractions, if they have higher aromatic distribution coef- ficients and higher or similar aromatic/aliphatic selectivities. Also physical properties, such as density and viscosity, must be taken into account if a solvent is applied in an industrial extraction process. Cyano-containing ionic liquids have a lower den- sity than the benchmark solvent sulfolane and a higher viscosity. Sulfolane is from a hydrodynamic point of view a better sol- vent than ionic liquids for the aromatic/aliphatic extraction. The most suitable ionic liquids for the extraction of aromatic hy- drocarbons from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons are [bmim]C(CN)3, [3-mebupy]N(CN)2, [3-mebupy]C(CN)3, [3-mebupy]B(CN)4 and [mebupyrr]B(CN)4. They have factors of 1.2-2.3 higher mass-based distribution coefficients than sul- folane and a similar or higher, up to a factor of 1.9 higher, aromatic/aliphatic selectivity than sulfolane. The IL [3-mebupy]N(CN)2 is a better extractant for the separation of toluene from a mixture of toluene/n-heptane in a pilot plant Ro- tating Disc Contactor (RDC) than sulfolane.展开更多
The broad class of explosives includes nitro aromatics as well as challenging aliphatic nitro-organics whose detection is important from counter-terrorism and national security perspectives.Here we report a turn-on fl...The broad class of explosives includes nitro aromatics as well as challenging aliphatic nitro-organics whose detection is important from counter-terrorism and national security perspectives.Here we report a turn-on fluorescent sensor array based on aggregation-induced emission(AIE)fluorophores as receptors.To achieve a good sensing system with fast response,good sensitivity and low detection limit,three receptors with abundant chemical diversities for target analytes were synthesized.The turn-on response of the individual receptor showed highly variable and cross-reactive analyte-dependent changes in fluorescence.The excellent ability to identify a variety of explosives,especially the challenging aliphatic nitro-organics(2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMNB),1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(RDX),cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine(HMX)and entaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN)),was demonstrated in qualitative and quantitative analyses with 100%accuracy.The fluorescence signal amplification in the presence of explosives allows for application of these receptors in a sensor microarray suitable for high-throughput screening.These results suggested that the cross-reactive sensor array based on AIE fluorophores could find a wide range of applications for sensing various analytes or complex mixtures.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21406006,21576003)the Science and Technology Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM201510005010)+1 种基金the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions(CIT&TCD20150309)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2015M580954)
文摘The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is a significant process in chemical industry, but challenged in some cases. Compared with conventional separation technologies, pervaporation is quite promising in terms of its economical, energy-saving, and eco-friendly advantages. However, this technique has not been used in industry for separating aromatic/aliphatic mixtures yet. One of the main reasons is that the separation performance of existed pervaporation membranes is unsatisfactory. Membrane material is an important factor that affects the separation performance. This review provides an overview on the advances in studying membrane materials for the pervaporation separation of aromatic/aliphatic mixtures over the past decade. Explored pristine polymers and their hybrid materials(as hybrid membranes) are summarized to highlight their nature and separation performance. We anticipate that this review could provide some guidance in the development of new materials for the aromatic/aliphatic pervaporation separation.
文摘Ionic liquids can replace conventional solvents in aromatic/aliphatic extractions, if they have higher aromatic distribution coef- ficients and higher or similar aromatic/aliphatic selectivities. Also physical properties, such as density and viscosity, must be taken into account if a solvent is applied in an industrial extraction process. Cyano-containing ionic liquids have a lower den- sity than the benchmark solvent sulfolane and a higher viscosity. Sulfolane is from a hydrodynamic point of view a better sol- vent than ionic liquids for the aromatic/aliphatic extraction. The most suitable ionic liquids for the extraction of aromatic hy- drocarbons from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons are [bmim]C(CN)3, [3-mebupy]N(CN)2, [3-mebupy]C(CN)3, [3-mebupy]B(CN)4 and [mebupyrr]B(CN)4. They have factors of 1.2-2.3 higher mass-based distribution coefficients than sul- folane and a similar or higher, up to a factor of 1.9 higher, aromatic/aliphatic selectivity than sulfolane. The IL [3-mebupy]N(CN)2 is a better extractant for the separation of toluene from a mixture of toluene/n-heptane in a pilot plant Ro- tating Disc Contactor (RDC) than sulfolane.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50873051,205333050)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2007AA03Z307)Transregional Project(TRR61)
文摘The broad class of explosives includes nitro aromatics as well as challenging aliphatic nitro-organics whose detection is important from counter-terrorism and national security perspectives.Here we report a turn-on fluorescent sensor array based on aggregation-induced emission(AIE)fluorophores as receptors.To achieve a good sensing system with fast response,good sensitivity and low detection limit,three receptors with abundant chemical diversities for target analytes were synthesized.The turn-on response of the individual receptor showed highly variable and cross-reactive analyte-dependent changes in fluorescence.The excellent ability to identify a variety of explosives,especially the challenging aliphatic nitro-organics(2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMNB),1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(RDX),cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine(HMX)and entaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN)),was demonstrated in qualitative and quantitative analyses with 100%accuracy.The fluorescence signal amplification in the presence of explosives allows for application of these receptors in a sensor microarray suitable for high-throughput screening.These results suggested that the cross-reactive sensor array based on AIE fluorophores could find a wide range of applications for sensing various analytes or complex mixtures.
