植物基脂氨基酸

植物基脂氨基酸０引言自从６０年代在各种活性组织中发现脂氨基酸以来，已证明它们在蛋白质生物合成中起重要作用，并在化妆品工业中广为人知。最近几年，对植物源产品的需求导致了来源于植物蛋白的脂氨基酸的发展。皮肤的柔滑与表面的水解类脂膜的存在有着密切的联系。这...

N-脂酰氨基酸型表面活性剂的研究进展

简要介绍了N-脂酰氨基酸型表面活性剂的结构与分类;重点综述了近十余年此类表面活性剂化学合成方法的研究进展,讨论了其性能及应用研究领域,同时根据其表面性能指出了今后的研究与开发方向。

复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对创面修复与细菌感染的实验研究

目的 :观察复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对实验性创伤动物创面修复与细菌感染的影响。方法 :复制大鼠烫伤模型、小鼠与豚鼠皮肤切割伤模型及家兔皮肤切割伤伴感染模型 ,测定皮肤愈合面积和菌量 ,评价药物作用。结果 :复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对大鼠皮肤疮疡有促恢复作用 ,对豚鼠和小鼠皮肤切割伤有促愈合作用 ,对家兔切割伤后不滴加细菌与滴加金葡球菌或绿脓杆菌的皮肤愈合均有促进作用 ,其创面愈合百分率显著高于基质组。复方氨基酸脂质凝胶与对照组比较 ,各组之间在不同时间的菌量无显著差异。结论 :复方氨基酸脂质凝胶能促进实验性创伤动物创面修复 ,对细菌感染无不良影响。

复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对实验动物皮肤创伤的修复作用

目的 观察复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对实验动物皮肤创伤的修复作用。方法 复制大鼠烫伤模型、豚鼠皮肤切割伤模型及家兔皮肤切割伤伴感染模型 ,测定皮肤愈合率。结果 复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对大鼠皮肤烫伤有促进恢复作用 ,对豚鼠皮肤切割伤有促愈合作用 ,在家兔皮肤切割伤伴感染模型显示脂质凝胶对家兔切割伤后不滴加细菌与滴加金黄色葡萄球菌或绿脓杆菌的皮肤愈合均有促进作用 ,其创面愈合百分率显著高于基质组。结论 复方氨基酸脂质凝胶能促进实验性创伤动物的创面修复。

低分子肽/核酸衍生物/氨基酸/糖脂等与糖代谢

低分子肽/核酸衍生物/氨基酸/糖脂(LNAG,商品名:爱维治)是一种改善细胞能量代谢的药物,主要表现为改善糖的代谢。因它具有胰岛素样活性、能促进葡萄糖的摄取、增强了葡萄糖代谢酶的活性、抑制乳酸合成等作用。LNAG最初主要用于老年性痴呆的治疗,近年来其适应证在不断扩大。

改性氨基树脂湿增强剂的制备及稳定性研究

叙述了改性氨基树脂湿增强剂的制备及应用。制备的过程包括加成和醚化缩合。分析了湿增强作用机理及化学改性原理，讨论了各种因素对产品性能和贮存稳定性的影响。

β-胺化乙基氨基聚酯树脂的合成与应用

减压下,顺丁烯二酸酐(顺酐)与二元醇通过缩聚反应制得含有一定数目碳碳双键的不饱和聚酯(酸值=30±5).不饱和聚酯与乙二胺下角料(多乙烯多胺)在常压下,于50～80℃时发生加成反应可制得碱性聚酯,然后用冰乙酸中和至 pH≈6,得到一种棕红色粘稠状透明的水溶性液体——β-胺化乙基氨基聚酯树脂(以下称"AR—1树脂"),其粘度稍大于 SR—1树脂,水溶性与热稳定性与 SR—1树脂基本相同.用AR—1树脂代替高价的 SR—1树脂分别与固色剂 Y 和玻璃润滑剂复配成不同浸润剂后进行玻璃纤维的成型加工、增强材料等实验,结果表明:使用 AR—1树脂复配成浸润剂所制得的玻璃纤维的主要性能指标均达到或超过了 SR—1树脂,尤其与玻璃润滑剂复配时,效果尤为显著;此外,AR—1树脂复配工艺简单,可谓 SR—1树脂的较为理想的代用品.

Analysis of the chemical compositions of Hirudinaria manillensis

Aim To determine and analyze fatty acids, amino acids and trace elements of Hirudinaria manillensis. Methods Contents of fatty acids, amino acids and trace elements were determined by GC/MS, HPLC and ICP-AES. Results H. manillensis contained sixteen fatty acids, among which the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids is 34.05%. The eighteen amino acids were detected, which included eight essential amino acids in human body with a ratio of 33.53 %. There were eight trace elements （Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, V and Zn） from H. manillensis, and the content of Ca, Zn and Fe were apparently higher than those of other elements. Conclusion These methods are simple and accurate. This study reports routine quantitative methods for the analysis of multiple components in H. manillensis by GC/MS, HPLC and ICP-AES.

A Review on Tibetan Swine(a)——Carcass,Meat Quality,Basic Nutrition Component,Amino Acids,Fatty Acids,Inosine Monophosphate and Muscle Fiber

In this review, the carcass, meat quality, internal organs, basic nutrition component, amino acids （AAs）, fatty acids, inosine monophosphate （IMP） and mus- cle fiber of Tibetan swine were summarized for the first time. The formation mecha- nism of excellent features was analyzed from the aspects of physiological traits, ge- ographical environments and constraint reasons. Thereby, the outstanding features of Tibetan swine could be extended continuously, and the poor characteristics should be improved in the future.

3—叔丁基—L苏氨酸叔丁酯的制备

在多肽合成中,由于氨基酸叔丁酯很容易被酸分解,所以它常被用为羧基保护基来参加反应。氨基酸叔丁酯可从氨基酸与乙酸叔丁酯和高氯酸反应制得。

Metabolites of Marine-derived Mangrove Endophytic Fungus #2492 from the South China Sea

Two metabolites （A and B） were isolated from the mycelium of mangrove endophytic fungus Stysanus like sp. （#2492） from the South China Sea. Their structures were identified by spectral data as N-（2-hydroxytetracosyl）-2-amino-1,3,4-trihydroxyoctadecane （A） and γ -stearolactone （B）. It is the first report that γ -stearolactone （B） is isolated from marine fungus as natural product.

Repression of PKR mediates palmitate-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through regulation of Bcl-2

The present study shows that double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase （PKR） regulates the protein expres- sion level and phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and plays an anti-apoptotic role in human hepatocellular carcinoma ceils （HepG2）. In various types of cells, saturated free fatty acids （FFAs）, such as palmitate, have been shown to induce cellular apoptosis by several mechanisms. Palmitate down-regulates the activity of PKR and thereby decreases the level of Bcl-2 protein, mediated in part by reduced activation of the NF-KB transcription factor. In addition to the level of Bel-2 protein, the phosphorylation of Bcl-2 at different amino acid residues, such as Ser70 and Ser87, is also important in regulating cellular apoptosis. The decrease in the phosphorylatiou of Bcl-2 at Ser70 upon exposure to palmitate is mediated by inhibition of PKR and possibly by c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）, whereas the phosphory- lation of Bcl-2 at Ser87 is unaffected by palmitate or PKR. In summary, PKR mediates the regulation of the protein level and the phosphorylation status of Bel-2, providing a novel mechanism of palmitate-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells.

生理性诱食剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

提高动物的食欲和采食量,才能最大限度的发挥动物的生长潜能。选择28头平均体重为7.39±0.08kg的30日龄三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,按体重、健康等方面平均的原则,将试猪随机分为对照组和试验组,每组14头猪,自由采食对照组饲粮和试验组饲粮。对照组饲粮为基础饲粮,试验组饲粮在基础饲粮上添加生理性诱食剂(脂溶性氨基酸衍生物)350mg/kg,试验期30d。结果显示:试验组平均日采食量、平均日增重与对照组相比,分别提高18.96%、13.61%。由此可知,高剂量添加生理性诱食剂,能提高断奶仔猪的食欲和采食量,并提高断奶仔猪的生长潜能。

Improvement of Nannochloropsis oceanica growth performance through chemical mutation and characterization of fast growth physiology by transcriptome profiling

Nannochloropsis oceanica promises to be an industrial-level producer of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In this study, the fastest and slowest growing N. oceanica mutants were selected through N-methyl-N＇-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutation, and two mutant strains and the wild type （WT） subjected to transcriptome profiling. It was found that the 0D680 reads at stationary growth phase of both WT and its mutants were proportional to their cell density, thus indicating their division rate and growth speed during culture. This chemical mutation was effective for improving growth performance, and the fast strain divided faster by upregulating the expression of genes functioning in the cell cycle and downregulating genes involved in synthesis of amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars as well as the construction of ribosome and photosynthetic machinery. However, the relationship among the effected genes responsible for cell cycle, metabolism of fatty and amino acids, and construction of ribosome and photosynthetic machinery remained unclear. Further genetic studies are required for clarifying the genetic/metabolic networks underpinning the growth performance ofN. oceanica. These findings demonstrated that this mutation strategy was effective for improving the growth performance of this species and explored a means ofmicroalgal genetic improvement, particularly in species possessing a monoploid nucleus and asexual reproduction.

Effect of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester on invasion of human colorectal cancer cell line SL-174T

AIML To investigate the effect and mechanism of action of the nitric oxide synthase （NOS） inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME） on invasion and metastasis of human colorectal cancer cell line SL-174T. METHODS： Human colorectal cancer cel4 line SL-174T was cultured and treated separately with four different dosages of L-NAME for 72 h, Nitric oxide （NO） production was measured with Griess reagent, The effect of L-NAME on invasion and migration of SL-174T cells were evaluated by using Transwell chambers attached with polycarbonate filters and reconstituted basement membrane （Matrigel）, RT-PCR was performed to determine the mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 （TIMP-2）,RESULTS： L-NAME could significantly inhibit NO production of SL-174T in a dose-dependent manner. After being treated for 72 h with 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.0 mmol/L L- NAME, respectively, the ability of the L-NAME treated SL- 174T cells to invade the reconstituted basement membrane decreased significantly （t = 8.056, P〈0.05; t= 14.467, P〈0.01; t= 27.785, P〈0.01; and t= 29.405, P〈0.01, respectively） and the inhibition rates were 10.29%, 19.62%, 34.08%, and 42.23%, respectively. Moreover, L-NAME could inhibit migration of SL-174T cells, and the inhibition rates were 20.76%, 24.95%, 39.43%, and 46. 85% for L-NAME at 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.0 mmol/L, respectively （t = 15.116, P〈0.01）. In addition, after treatment with L-NAME, expression of MMP-2 mRNA was significantly decreased （t = 71.238, P〈0.01） and that of TIMP-2 mRNA was markedly increased （t = -13.020, P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION： L-NAME exerts anti-invasive and anti- metastatic effects on SL-174T cell line via downregulating MNP-2 mRNA expression and upregulating TIMP-2 mRNA expression.

Monthly Changes of Glycogen, Lipid and Free Amino Acid of Oyster

Monthly difference of the chemical composition of oyster cultured along the eastern coast of Shandong Province was analyzed. The components analyzed included glycogen, fatty acid and free amino acid （FAA）. The content of glycogen was high in January and March （2.89 and 2.82 g（100 g） ^-1 on average, respectively） and low in October （2.07g（100g）^- 1 on average）. The low content of neutral lipids in October reflected a relatively poor nutritional value of oyster （1.42 g（ 100 g）^- 1 on average）. The main fatty acids of oyster were palmitic acid （16：0）, oleic acid （18： 1）, eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA, 20： 5（0 3） and docosahexaenoic acid （DHA, 22：6（0 3）. The major FAAs of oyster were Taurine, Glutamicacid, Glycin, Alanine, Arginine and Proline. Taurine was the most abundant FAA with its content ranging from 603 mg（100 g） ^-1 to 1 139 mg（ 100 g） ^-1. The high contents of glycogen, polyunsaturated fatty acid and FAA showed that oyster cultured along the eastern coast of Shandong Province was nutritionally good in January and March.

Research on Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Components of Desi Chickpea Seeds from Xinjiang

[Objective] The paper aimed to determine the fatty acid components and contents,and measure the fractional protein and the amino acid components of Desi chickpea seeds.[Method] The oil of Desi chickpea seeds was extracted from their kernels collected from Xinjiang.The contents and components of fatty acids were tested by GC-MS.The fractional extraction was used to get the proteins of their kernels,and then the content of protein was tested.The amino acid compositions of the proteins were also analyzed.[Result] The fat content of chickpea seeds was as high as up to 18.2%,among which,the unsaturated fatty acids oleic acid and linoleic acid were the major component,accounting for 80% of the total fatty acids;the content of saturated fatty acid was low.The average content of protein was 23.71% in chickpea seeds.Globulin and albumin were the main protein in chickpea seeds,accounting for more than 80% of the total proteins,while glutelin and gliadin contents were low.All the proteins got from chickpea seeds belonged to complete protein,which contained 18 kinds of amino acids.The content of Glu was the highest（15.8%）,and the content of Asp was 10.7%,followed by Arg（9.30%）,Leu（7.56%）,Lys（6.34%）,Phe,Ala,Val and Ile.The contents of Trp,Met and Cys were the least.The chickpea seed was rich in essential amino acids.[Conclusion] The Desi chickpea was a legume crop containing high content of unsaturated fatty acids and rich in amino acids.

Comparative study of the nutritional composition and toxic elements of farmed and wild Chanodichthys mongolicus

Information of the difference in quality between farmed and wild fish is central to better ensuring fish products produced in aquaculture meet regulatory and consumer requirements. Proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid profiles, and toxic elements contents of fanned and wild Chanodichthys mongolicus were established and compared. Significantly higher crude protein content while lower moisture content in farmed fish compared to wild fish were observed （P〈0.05）. The percentages of total amino acids （TAA）, total essential amino acids （TEAA）, total non-essential amino acids （TNEAA） and total delicious amino acids （TDAA） in farmed fish were all significantly higher than those in the wild equivalent （P〈0.05）. Compared to the FAO/WHO recommended reference values, the ratios of TEAA/ TAA （39.84%o-40.33%） were comparable to 40% and TEAA / TNEAA （66.22%-67.60%） were above 60%. Fatty acid profiles in both farmed and wild C. mongolicus were dominated by monounsaturated fatty acid （MUFA）, with farmed fish contained much more MUFA content compared to wild counterpart （P〈0.05）. Notably, wild fish exhibited significantly higher levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） including eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid （DHA） than fanned fish （P〈0.05）. The EPA （C20：503） and linoleic acid （C18：206） were the predominant PUFA in wild and farmed C. mongolicus, respectively. Moreover, farmed fish displayed an overall lower toxic element levels （As, Cd, Pb and Hg） in comparison with wild fish, and both were far lower than the established limit standard. In conclusion, our results suggest that the nutritional quality of fanned C. mongolicus was inferior to their wild counterpart with respect to fatty acids nutrition, and therefore further studies should focus on the improving C. mongolicus diet in order to enhance the overall nutritional composition.