舒喘强心汤治疗肺心病心衰患者血液流变性及红细胞膜脂流性的影响

应用舒喘强心汤治疗 ４５例肺心病伴心衰患者，总有效率９８％，治疗 前后，血液流变学测定结果表明全血粘度，红细胞压积，全血还原粘度，血浆粘度， 纤维蛋白原显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。红细胞膜脂流性测定表明，红细胞膜偏振度（Ｐ） 及微粘度（η）降低，膜脂流动性（ＦＬｕ）增强。

Relationship Between H^+-ATPase Activity and Fluidity of Tonoplast in Barley Roots Under NaCl Stress

H +_ATPase activity of tonoplast in roots of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 'Tanyin 2' (salt_tolerant cultivar) increased when the roots were exposed to 50-200 mmol/L NaCl for 2 d, and decreased when NaCl concentration was increased to 600 mmol/L. In 'Kepin 7' (salt_sensitive cultivar), tonoplast H +_ATPase activity in roots also increased at lower levels of NaCl (50-100 mmol/L), but decreased at higher levels of NaCl (200-600 mmol/L). Tonoplast fluidity in roots of 'Tanyin 2' decreased at 50-200 mmol/L NaCl, and increased significantly at 600 mmol/L NaCl. Under salt stress, the change of tonoplast fluidity was identical with that of the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in tonoplast lipid of barley roots. It is proposed that the increase of tonoplast fluidity due to increased degree of unsaturation of fatty acids is one of the reasons leading to the decrease of H +_ATPase activity under higher level of NaCl stress.

The Effects of Captopril and Cicaprost on Changes of Cardiac Membrane Fluidity and Lipid Peroxidation

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the protective actions of captopril and cicaprost on changes of membrane fluidity of cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells exposed to anoxia and sugar deprivation.Lipid peroxidation level estimated by determining the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS)content and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)released in culture medium was also observed in order to examine other membrane-related changes due to anoxia.Membrane fluidity was monitored by measuring changes in the steady state fluorescence anisotropy(r_s)by fluorescence spectroscopy.The r_s value,TBARS level and LDH release were significantly increased after 3 h anoxia.Captopril(180 μmol/L),cicaprost(30 nmol/L)and indomethacin(1μmol/L)did not alter r_s, TBARS level and LDH activity of normal cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells.However,both captopril and cicaprost significantly prevented the increases of r_s,TBARS content and LDH release in those cells exposed to anoxia and sugar deprivation.lndomethacin abolished the actions of captopril on TBARS production and LDH release,but maintained its membrane fluidity protection.These results indicate that captopril and cicaprost protect membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation changes in anoxia- injured myocardial cells.The action mechanism of captopril may be due,in part,to stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis and/or release.

Water-soluble UV curable urethane methyl acrylate coating：preparation and properties

Two kinds of water-soluble and ultraviolet (UV) curable oligomers were synthesized and characterized. The oligomers were evaluated as resins for water-based UV curable coating. The rheology of the two oligomers' aqueous so-lutions was investigated in terms of solid fraction, pH dependence, and temperature dependence. The solutions were found to be Newtonian fluid showing rather low viscosity even at high solid fraction of 0.55. The drying process of the coatings and the properties of the cured coatings were studied by comparing them with water-dispersed UV-curable polyurethane methyl acrylate. It was evident that the water-soluble coating dried more slowly; and that the overall properties were inferior to those of the water-dispersed coating.

Perceptions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease–an Asian community-based study

Background and Aims:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease and is closely related to metabolic syndrome and its risk factors.Worldwide,epidemiological studies have reported NAFLD prevalence rates of 5%to 30%depending on geographical variations.While epidemiological data suggest a progressively increasing prevalence of metabolic risk factors in Singapore,there are limited data about NAFLD per se in the community.We aim to explore the prevalence and perceptions of NAFLD in Singapore.Methods:Attendees at a gastroenterology public forum were enrolled in a cross-sectional observational study evaluating demographic,anthropometric and clinical information.The diagnosis of NAFLD was based on sonographic criteria.Metabolic syndrome was defined according to International Diabetes Federation guidelines.Perceptions of NAFLD were explored using a self-administered survey questionnaire.Results:A total of 227 subjects were recruited,with NAFLD being diagnosed in 40%of the cohort.Relative to those without NAFLD,subjects with NAFLD had higher male preponderance,older age,higher body mass index,waist circumference and more metabolic syndrome(all P<0.05).Although 71.2%subjects had heard about NAFLD before,only 25.4%of them felt that they were at risk of NAFLD.Comparable responses were observed in subjects with no metabolic risk factors relative to subjects with one or more metabolic risk factors(P>0.05).Of note,75.6%of subjects with one or more metabolic risk factors did not think that they were at risk of NAFLD.Conclusion:Our study suggests a significant local prevalence of NAFLD in the community including non-obese individuals.Considering the tendency to underestimate risk of NAFLD,enhanced public education about NAFLD is warranted to improve understanding.

Effects of phospholipase D on cardiopulmonary bypass-induced neutrophil priming

Objective:To investigate the relationship betwe en phospholipase D (PLD) activation and neutrophil priming induced by cardiopulm onary bypass (CPB), and try to clarify whether CPB-induced systemic inflammator y response can be attenuated by inhibiting neutrophilic PLD activation. Methods:Neutrophils were isolated from arterial blood of 8 pat ients undergoing valve replacement before operation and 30 min after initiation of CPB respectively. Both the preoperative and CPB-stirred neutrophils were sub divided into 5 groups by receiving different experimental interventions: (1) bac terial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 ng·ml -1 ), (2) N-formylmethionylph enylalanine (fMLP, 1 μmol·L -1 ), (3) LPS+fMLP, (4) 1-butanol ( 0.5 %)+ LPS+fMLP, (5) vehicle. Elastase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release was measured f or the parameters of neutrophil activation, neutrophil PLD activity was determin ed by quantitation of choline produced from the stable product of phosphatidylch oline catalyzed by PLD. Results:(1) Preoperative neutrophils treated with LPS+fMLP pre sented significantly higher PLD activity ( 13.48 ± 2.61 nmol choline·h -1 ·mg -1 ) and released more elastase and MPO than cells treated with v ehicle (PLD activity 3.70 ± 0.49 nmol choline·h -1 ·mg -1 , P< 0.01 ), LPS (P< 0.01 ) and fMLP respectively. In 1-butanol+LPS+fMLP group, PLD activity of preoperative neutrop hils was lower than that in LPS+fMLP group (P< 0.01 ), b esides the release of elastase and MPO decreased sharply below both LPS + fMLP a nd fMLP groups (P< 0.01 ). In LPS group, PLD activity wa s higher (P< 0.01 ), while elastase and MPO release did not differ from control. fMLP group presented PLD activity, elastase and MPO rel ease higher than control (P< 0.01 ); nevertheless, lower than LPS+fMLP group (P< 0.01 ). (2) CPB-stirred neutro phils presented prominent PLD activity increment, and even the control level was 3.59 -fold of the pre-operative control (P< 0.01 ) . PLD activity in LPS+fMLP group was higher than that in other groups. Notably, PLD activity was even nonstatistically lower in 1-butanol+LPS+fMLP group than t hat in LPS or fMLP group. CPB-stirred neutrophils in LPS+fMLP group released mo re elastase and MPO than control, LPS, and 1-butanol+LPS+fMLP groups did ( P< 0.01 ); however, neither of the release was statistically different from that of fMLP group. Conclusions:Cardiopulmonary bypass enables neutrophil priming accompanied with significant increase in PLD activity. Inhibition of neutrophil PLD activation attenuates its priming and may alleviate CPB-induced systemic in flammatory reaction.