伴随经济的快速发展和人类生活水平的提高,肥胖、2型糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝等各种代谢功能紊乱疾病已成为我国重要的公共卫生问题。产热脂肪细胞含有丰富的线粒体以及解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein 1,UCP1),可通过消耗甘油三酯和葡...伴随经济的快速发展和人类生活水平的提高,肥胖、2型糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝等各种代谢功能紊乱疾病已成为我国重要的公共卫生问题。产热脂肪细胞含有丰富的线粒体以及解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein 1,UCP1),可通过消耗甘油三酯和葡萄糖并以非颤抖性产热的方式来维持哺乳动物核心体温,鉴于产热过程增加体内能量消耗,因此,激活产热脂肪成为防治糖脂代谢紊乱性疾病的重要研究方向。线粒体作为产热脂肪细胞中功能高度保守的细胞器,在产热激活和失活过程中出现代谢适应性的改变以响应产热能力的变化,而产热脂肪细胞中线粒体代谢适应的失调则可能造成产热能力损伤,甚至全身代谢紊乱。本文概述了近年来报道的产热脂肪细胞线粒体多方面的灵活重塑,包括线粒体动力学变化、磷脂和嵴的重塑以及线粒体活性氧水平和氧化应激等方面,全面地总结了相关的调控因子,最后对脂肪细胞产热能力的维持提供了深入的见解,展望了未来有关产热脂肪细胞线粒体的研究方向,以期为开发靶向新药以激活脂肪产热来对抗代谢性疾病提供理论参考。展开更多
Activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4） has been shown to play key roles in many physiological processes. There are no reports, however, demonstrating a direct link between ATF4 and lipid metabolism. We noticed tha...Activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4） has been shown to play key roles in many physiological processes. There are no reports, however, demonstrating a direct link between ATF4 and lipid metabolism. We noticed that Atf4- deficient mice are lean, suggesting a possible role for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism. The goal of our current study is to investigate the involvement of ATF4 in lipid metabolism and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Studies using Atf4-deficient mice revealed increased energy expenditure, as measured by oxygen consumption. These mice also showed increases in lipolysis, expression of uncoupling protein 2 （UCP2） and p-oxidation genes and decreases in expression of lipogenic genes in white adipose tissue （WAT）, suggesting increased utilization and decreased synthesis of fatty acids, respectively. Expression of UCP1, 2 and 3 was also increased in brown adipose tissue （BAT）, suggesting increased thermogenesis. The effect of ATF4 deletion on expression of UCPs in BAT suggests that increased thermogenesis may underlie increased energy expenditure. Thus, our study identifies a possible new function for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism and thermogenesis.展开更多
文摘伴随经济的快速发展和人类生活水平的提高,肥胖、2型糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝等各种代谢功能紊乱疾病已成为我国重要的公共卫生问题。产热脂肪细胞含有丰富的线粒体以及解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein 1,UCP1),可通过消耗甘油三酯和葡萄糖并以非颤抖性产热的方式来维持哺乳动物核心体温,鉴于产热过程增加体内能量消耗,因此,激活产热脂肪成为防治糖脂代谢紊乱性疾病的重要研究方向。线粒体作为产热脂肪细胞中功能高度保守的细胞器,在产热激活和失活过程中出现代谢适应性的改变以响应产热能力的变化,而产热脂肪细胞中线粒体代谢适应的失调则可能造成产热能力损伤,甚至全身代谢紊乱。本文概述了近年来报道的产热脂肪细胞线粒体多方面的灵活重塑,包括线粒体动力学变化、磷脂和嵴的重塑以及线粒体活性氧水平和氧化应激等方面,全面地总结了相关的调控因子,最后对脂肪细胞产热能力的维持提供了深入的见解,展望了未来有关产热脂肪细胞线粒体的研究方向,以期为开发靶向新药以激活脂肪产热来对抗代谢性疾病提供理论参考。
文摘Activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4） has been shown to play key roles in many physiological processes. There are no reports, however, demonstrating a direct link between ATF4 and lipid metabolism. We noticed that Atf4- deficient mice are lean, suggesting a possible role for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism. The goal of our current study is to investigate the involvement of ATF4 in lipid metabolism and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Studies using Atf4-deficient mice revealed increased energy expenditure, as measured by oxygen consumption. These mice also showed increases in lipolysis, expression of uncoupling protein 2 （UCP2） and p-oxidation genes and decreases in expression of lipogenic genes in white adipose tissue （WAT）, suggesting increased utilization and decreased synthesis of fatty acids, respectively. Expression of UCP1, 2 and 3 was also increased in brown adipose tissue （BAT）, suggesting increased thermogenesis. The effect of ATF4 deletion on expression of UCPs in BAT suggests that increased thermogenesis may underlie increased energy expenditure. Thus, our study identifies a possible new function for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism and thermogenesis.
