Antioxidants are used to minimize lipid oxidation. Antioxidants can act as metal chelators and free radical or oxygen scavengers, which can slow the progression of lipid oxidation. Lipid oxidation may have negative ef...Antioxidants are used to minimize lipid oxidation. Antioxidants can act as metal chelators and free radical or oxygen scavengers, which can slow the progression of lipid oxidation. Lipid oxidation may have negative effects on the quality of meat and meat products, causing changes in sensory attributes such as color, texture, odor and flavor, and nutritional quality. Several synthetic antioxidants have been used to successfully prevent lipid oxidation in the meat industry, but consumers are concerned about the health risks related to consumption of some synthetic antioxidants. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in natural antioxidants. Nowadays, compounds obtained from natural sources such as grains, oilseeds, spices, fruit and vegetables have been investigated to decrease the lipid oxidation. In this review, the potential effects of natural antioxidants were evaluated that are widely used in meat and meat products.展开更多
The present work summarizes recent investigations carried out about the usage of natural antioxidants in lipid-rich food during processing. Synthetic antioxidants have been used as food additives to retard lipid oxida...The present work summarizes recent investigations carried out about the usage of natural antioxidants in lipid-rich food during processing. Synthetic antioxidants have been used as food additives to retard lipid oxidation and development of off-flavor for over 50 years. However, the literature has expressed safety concerns and health risks （toxic and carcinogenic effects） associated with the use of synthetic antioxidants recently. Natural antioxidative substances from the polyphenols of edible plants are believed to be safer and may provide with additional health benefits and more effective compared to synthetic antioxidants. Due to the fact that natural antioxidants are additives that people mixed with food and consumed for centuries, they are known to be safe by the consumer. Therefore, it is an area worth to investigate due to consumer concerns about health. In the literature, there are many studies showing that the natural antioxidants have important antioxidant effect. Plants （oil seeds, cereals, vegetables, fruits, herb and spices）, compounds from animal source （peptides and amino acids）, enzymes and some microorganisms are important natural antioxidants. Plant extracts have been widely used to retard lipid oxidation in foods during frying and accelerated storage processes. They were found as strong antioxidant sources due to their high contents of phenolic compounds. There are countless studies about natural antioxidants. However, they have not been investigated completely by means of toxicology.展开更多
It has been reported that the histone/protein deacetylase SIRT1-AMP-activated protein kinase(SIRT1-AMPK)signaling pathway may play a role in the effects of dihydromyricetin(DHM)on improving triglyceride(TG)accumulatio...It has been reported that the histone/protein deacetylase SIRT1-AMP-activated protein kinase(SIRT1-AMPK)signaling pathway may play a role in the effects of dihydromyricetin(DHM)on improving triglyceride(TG)accumulation and insulin resistance in liver cells.Therefore,we aimed to further observe the effect of DHM on liver fat deposition in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice and explore its possible mechanism.C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal diet(ND)and HFD and were treated with or without low-dose(125 mg/kg)or high-dose(250 mg/kg)DHM for 16 weeks,respectively.During the experiment,body weight was checked every 2 weeks.After 16 weeks,the orbital vein was bled,the animals were sacrificed,and the subscapular,epididymal,and inguinal fat were collected and weighed with an electronic scale.An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine the levels of serum triglyceride(TG),serum total cholesterol(TC),serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL),and serum low-density lipoprotein(LDL).The livers were stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining(H&E)and Oil Red O to detect liver fat deposition.A colorimetric method was used to detect liver MDA and SOD contents.Quantitative real-time PCR(q RT-PCR)was used to detect the gene expressions of related indicators,such as interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),acetyl-Co A carboxyl acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC),sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c(SREBP-1),fatty acid synthetase(FAS),peroxisome proliferator activation receptor alpha(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha,PPARα),palmitoyltransferase 1(carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1,CPT1),SIRT1,and AMPK.Western blotting analysis was used to detect the protein expression levels of SIRT1,AMPK,SIRT1-AMPK,ACC,SREBP-1,FAS,PPARα,and CPT1.Results showed that compared with the ND group,the weight and body fat of the mice in the HFD group were increased significantly.The levels of TG,TC,and LDL were increased,the level of HDL was decreased,the volume of hepatocytes was increased,the number of lipid droplets,fat deposition,MDA,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,SREBP-1c,FAS,ACC1,SIRT1,and AMPK protein levels were significantly increased,and the SOD activity,PPARα,CPT1,SIRT1 m RNA,AMPK m RNA,PPARα,CPT1 levels were significantly decreased.DHM could significantly reverse the changes of the above indexes in HFD mice,while DHM had no significant effect on the above indexes in ND mice.Collectively,our findings revealed that DHM improved liver fat deposition in HFD-induced obese mice,and the mechanism might be related to inhibition of oxidative stress,inflammation,lipid synthesis,and promotion of lipid decomposition.展开更多
文摘Antioxidants are used to minimize lipid oxidation. Antioxidants can act as metal chelators and free radical or oxygen scavengers, which can slow the progression of lipid oxidation. Lipid oxidation may have negative effects on the quality of meat and meat products, causing changes in sensory attributes such as color, texture, odor and flavor, and nutritional quality. Several synthetic antioxidants have been used to successfully prevent lipid oxidation in the meat industry, but consumers are concerned about the health risks related to consumption of some synthetic antioxidants. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in natural antioxidants. Nowadays, compounds obtained from natural sources such as grains, oilseeds, spices, fruit and vegetables have been investigated to decrease the lipid oxidation. In this review, the potential effects of natural antioxidants were evaluated that are widely used in meat and meat products.
文摘The present work summarizes recent investigations carried out about the usage of natural antioxidants in lipid-rich food during processing. Synthetic antioxidants have been used as food additives to retard lipid oxidation and development of off-flavor for over 50 years. However, the literature has expressed safety concerns and health risks （toxic and carcinogenic effects） associated with the use of synthetic antioxidants recently. Natural antioxidative substances from the polyphenols of edible plants are believed to be safer and may provide with additional health benefits and more effective compared to synthetic antioxidants. Due to the fact that natural antioxidants are additives that people mixed with food and consumed for centuries, they are known to be safe by the consumer. Therefore, it is an area worth to investigate due to consumer concerns about health. In the literature, there are many studies showing that the natural antioxidants have important antioxidant effect. Plants （oil seeds, cereals, vegetables, fruits, herb and spices）, compounds from animal source （peptides and amino acids）, enzymes and some microorganisms are important natural antioxidants. Plant extracts have been widely used to retard lipid oxidation in foods during frying and accelerated storage processes. They were found as strong antioxidant sources due to their high contents of phenolic compounds. There are countless studies about natural antioxidants. However, they have not been investigated completely by means of toxicology.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2018JJ2347,2021JJ30595)Hunan Provincial Postgrad uate Scientific Research Innovation Project(Grant No.CX20211061)and the Jishou University School-level Scientific Research Project(Grant No.Jdzd21028)。
文摘It has been reported that the histone/protein deacetylase SIRT1-AMP-activated protein kinase(SIRT1-AMPK)signaling pathway may play a role in the effects of dihydromyricetin(DHM)on improving triglyceride(TG)accumulation and insulin resistance in liver cells.Therefore,we aimed to further observe the effect of DHM on liver fat deposition in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice and explore its possible mechanism.C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal diet(ND)and HFD and were treated with or without low-dose(125 mg/kg)or high-dose(250 mg/kg)DHM for 16 weeks,respectively.During the experiment,body weight was checked every 2 weeks.After 16 weeks,the orbital vein was bled,the animals were sacrificed,and the subscapular,epididymal,and inguinal fat were collected and weighed with an electronic scale.An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine the levels of serum triglyceride(TG),serum total cholesterol(TC),serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL),and serum low-density lipoprotein(LDL).The livers were stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining(H&E)and Oil Red O to detect liver fat deposition.A colorimetric method was used to detect liver MDA and SOD contents.Quantitative real-time PCR(q RT-PCR)was used to detect the gene expressions of related indicators,such as interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),acetyl-Co A carboxyl acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC),sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c(SREBP-1),fatty acid synthetase(FAS),peroxisome proliferator activation receptor alpha(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha,PPARα),palmitoyltransferase 1(carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1,CPT1),SIRT1,and AMPK.Western blotting analysis was used to detect the protein expression levels of SIRT1,AMPK,SIRT1-AMPK,ACC,SREBP-1,FAS,PPARα,and CPT1.Results showed that compared with the ND group,the weight and body fat of the mice in the HFD group were increased significantly.The levels of TG,TC,and LDL were increased,the level of HDL was decreased,the volume of hepatocytes was increased,the number of lipid droplets,fat deposition,MDA,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,SREBP-1c,FAS,ACC1,SIRT1,and AMPK protein levels were significantly increased,and the SOD activity,PPARα,CPT1,SIRT1 m RNA,AMPK m RNA,PPARα,CPT1 levels were significantly decreased.DHM could significantly reverse the changes of the above indexes in HFD mice,while DHM had no significant effect on the above indexes in ND mice.Collectively,our findings revealed that DHM improved liver fat deposition in HFD-induced obese mice,and the mechanism might be related to inhibition of oxidative stress,inflammation,lipid synthesis,and promotion of lipid decomposition.
