脉冲负载由于其周期性脉动的特点,使电网系统公共母线的功率产生持续的、高峰值脉冲,严重威胁到电力系统的安全稳定运行。针对常用脉冲负载结构,建立了以脉冲负载为主负载的公网和柴油发电机组(60 kW)供电试验平台。基于脉冲负载的工作...脉冲负载由于其周期性脉动的特点,使电网系统公共母线的功率产生持续的、高峰值脉冲,严重威胁到电力系统的安全稳定运行。针对常用脉冲负载结构,建立了以脉冲负载为主负载的公网和柴油发电机组(60 kW)供电试验平台。基于脉冲负载的工作机理,分别对不同脉冲频率、占空比下的脉冲负载进行联网/脱网试验,对公共母线处的暂态和稳态功率特性进行对比讨论。针对传统平均功率无法准确、有效表征系统稳态功率的问题,提出了基于脉冲频率的瞬时功率平均值(pulsed frequency based instantaneous power average value,PFIPA)的计算方法,试验结果证明,该方法具有一定的合理性和正确性,在联网和脱网电力系统均可适用。所建试验平台及分析结论,对脉冲负载在电力系统中的应用、设计、系统容量、功率分配等方面具有重要意义和参考价值。展开更多
Information about soil nitric oxide （NO） emissions from subtropical forests is quite limited, and even less is known about the pulse emission of NO when wetting soils after a long period of dryness. In this study, w...Information about soil nitric oxide （NO） emissions from subtropical forests is quite limited, and even less is known about the pulse emission of NO when wetting soils after a long period of dryness. In this study, we measured NO fluxes following wetting of dry soft in a broadleaf forest and a pine forest in subtropical China. Large pulses of NO fluxes were observed after soil wetting in both forests. NO fluxes increased significantly within 0.5 h following wetting in both forests and reached peak 1 and 4 h after soil wetting in the pine forest and the broadleaf forest, respectively. In the broadleaf forest, averaged peak flux of NO pulses was 157 ng N m^-2 s^-1, which was 8 times the flux value before wetting, and in the pine forest, the averaged peak flux was 135 ng N m-2 s 1, which was 15.5 times the flux value before wetting. The total pulses-induced NO emissions during the dry season were roughly estimated to be 29.4 mg N m^-2 in the broadleaf forest and 22.2 mg N m^-2 in the pine forest or made up a proportion of 4.6% of the annual NO emission in the broadleaf forest and 5.3% in the pine forest.展开更多
文摘脉冲负载由于其周期性脉动的特点,使电网系统公共母线的功率产生持续的、高峰值脉冲,严重威胁到电力系统的安全稳定运行。针对常用脉冲负载结构,建立了以脉冲负载为主负载的公网和柴油发电机组(60 kW)供电试验平台。基于脉冲负载的工作机理,分别对不同脉冲频率、占空比下的脉冲负载进行联网/脱网试验,对公共母线处的暂态和稳态功率特性进行对比讨论。针对传统平均功率无法准确、有效表征系统稳态功率的问题,提出了基于脉冲频率的瞬时功率平均值(pulsed frequency based instantaneous power average value,PFIPA)的计算方法,试验结果证明,该方法具有一定的合理性和正确性,在联网和脱网电力系统均可适用。所建试验平台及分析结论,对脉冲负载在电力系统中的应用、设计、系统容量、功率分配等方面具有重要意义和参考价值。
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (No. 2002CB410803)
文摘Information about soil nitric oxide （NO） emissions from subtropical forests is quite limited, and even less is known about the pulse emission of NO when wetting soils after a long period of dryness. In this study, we measured NO fluxes following wetting of dry soft in a broadleaf forest and a pine forest in subtropical China. Large pulses of NO fluxes were observed after soil wetting in both forests. NO fluxes increased significantly within 0.5 h following wetting in both forests and reached peak 1 and 4 h after soil wetting in the pine forest and the broadleaf forest, respectively. In the broadleaf forest, averaged peak flux of NO pulses was 157 ng N m^-2 s^-1, which was 8 times the flux value before wetting, and in the pine forest, the averaged peak flux was 135 ng N m-2 s 1, which was 15.5 times the flux value before wetting. The total pulses-induced NO emissions during the dry season were roughly estimated to be 29.4 mg N m^-2 in the broadleaf forest and 22.2 mg N m^-2 in the pine forest or made up a proportion of 4.6% of the annual NO emission in the broadleaf forest and 5.3% in the pine forest.
