面向储舱结构设计的晃荡冲击荷载实验研究

薄膜型船载液化天然气储舱设计中的一个关键力学问题是对液体晃荡引起的冲击荷载的评估。晃荡冲击载荷主要包括晃荡冲击荷载的幅值,上升和持续时间以及荷载三角脉冲的偏斜度等参数。室内大比尺晃荡模型实验是评估晃荡冲击荷载的有效方法。以二维矩形液舱为模型,在大吨位六自由度运动平台开展了一系列不规则激励下的晃荡冲击荷载实验研究。研究结果表明:由于液体与气体的相互作用,导致晃荡冲击荷载具有幅值较大且冲击上升时间较短的特点,可能导致舱壁产生较大的响应。采用统计学的方法分析了晃荡冲击荷载的参数;此外,定量地提出了长期不规则激励下,由荷载峰值、上升和持续时间以及偏斜度的组成的三角脉冲荷载模型,该模型可为储舱舱壁结构设计和有限元分析提供荷载参考。

Numerical Modeling of Dual-Pulse Shock Test Machine for Simulating Underwater Explosion Shock Loads on Warship Equipments

In order to qualify shock resistance performance of shipboard equipments and simulate real underwater explosion environment,a novel dual-pulse shock test machine is proposed.The new machine will increase testing capability and meet special shock testing requirement.Two key parts of the machine,the velocity generator and the shock pulse regulator,play an important role in producing the positive acceleration pulse and the succeeding negative acceleration pulse,respectively.The generated dual-pulse shock for test articles is in conformity with an anti-shock test specification.Based on the impact theory,a nonlinear dynamic model of the hydraulically-actuated test machine is established with thorough analysis on its mechanism that involves conversion of gas potential energy and dissipation of kinetic energy.Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed machine is able to produce a double-pulse acceleration shock in the time domain or a desired shock response spectrum in the frequency domain,which sets up a base for the construction of the machine.