背景:随着脊椎融合术和人工椎间盘植入手术的不断发展,近年来研究者们利用各种医疗仪器设备和研究方法,对脊椎的各项特性展开研究。生物力学研究需要更真实的模拟人体生理环境和运动方式。目的:综述国内外相关文献,从测量主体和测量内...背景:随着脊椎融合术和人工椎间盘植入手术的不断发展,近年来研究者们利用各种医疗仪器设备和研究方法,对脊椎的各项特性展开研究。生物力学研究需要更真实的模拟人体生理环境和运动方式。目的:综述国内外相关文献,从测量主体和测量内容角度总结脊柱生物力学研究方法的优势与不足。方法:以"biomechanical and(properties or study or evaluation),spinal biomechanics,spine mechanical test,spine and(kinematics or motion)"为英文检索词检索PubM ed、Web of Science、Springer数据库,以"生物力学特性,生物力学研究评估,脊柱生物力学,脊柱力学测试,脊柱动力学,脊柱运动"为检索词检索中文期刊全文数据库,纳入脊柱力学、运动学、动力学研究相关文献,主要整理近5年来该领域内的经典文献,排除重复性工作,重点对38篇文献进行分析讨论。结果与结论:近30年来研究者从多个结构细节对脊柱机械特性展开了研究,仿照人体运动研究了基本工况下脊柱的运动形式,掌握了大量脊柱力学与动力学特性。未来还需要对脊柱特性进行更加深入的了解,如力学方面椎间盘的阻尼特性、运动学方面脊柱的空间耦合运动规律等,才能有助于设计性能更加优良的脊椎病治疗产品,更好地修复脊椎疾病。展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the MR imaging features of solitary plasmacytomas of the spine. METHODS The MR images of 7 patients with histologically proven solitary plasmacytomas of the spine were reviewed. RESULTS All tumor...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the MR imaging features of solitary plasmacytomas of the spine. METHODS The MR images of 7 patients with histologically proven solitary plasmacytomas of the spine were reviewed. RESULTS All tumors showed predominantly isoto hypointensity relative to muscle on Tl-weighted MR images and intermediate signal intensity between muscle and fat on T2- weighted images. Curvilinear low signal intensity structures were seen within the lesions on T1 and T2-weighted images in five tumors. Moderate to strong enhancement was seen in all 6 tumors that underwent contrast enhanced MR examination. All tumors showed areas of high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and heterogeneous enhancement, except the 2 largest tumors without pathologic fracture in the sacrum. Intervertebral discs were preserved in all tumors. CONCLUSION The MR imaging features that suggest plasmacytorna of the spine include predominant intermediate signal intensity on T2-weighted images, curvilinear low signal intensity structures, moderate to strong enhancement, relatively homogeneous appearance if there are no pathologic fracture and preservation of the intervertebral discs.展开更多
文摘背景:随着脊椎融合术和人工椎间盘植入手术的不断发展,近年来研究者们利用各种医疗仪器设备和研究方法,对脊椎的各项特性展开研究。生物力学研究需要更真实的模拟人体生理环境和运动方式。目的:综述国内外相关文献,从测量主体和测量内容角度总结脊柱生物力学研究方法的优势与不足。方法:以"biomechanical and(properties or study or evaluation),spinal biomechanics,spine mechanical test,spine and(kinematics or motion)"为英文检索词检索PubM ed、Web of Science、Springer数据库,以"生物力学特性,生物力学研究评估,脊柱生物力学,脊柱力学测试,脊柱动力学,脊柱运动"为检索词检索中文期刊全文数据库,纳入脊柱力学、运动学、动力学研究相关文献,主要整理近5年来该领域内的经典文献,排除重复性工作,重点对38篇文献进行分析讨论。结果与结论:近30年来研究者从多个结构细节对脊柱机械特性展开了研究,仿照人体运动研究了基本工况下脊柱的运动形式,掌握了大量脊柱力学与动力学特性。未来还需要对脊柱特性进行更加深入的了解,如力学方面椎间盘的阻尼特性、运动学方面脊柱的空间耦合运动规律等,才能有助于设计性能更加优良的脊椎病治疗产品,更好地修复脊椎疾病。
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the MR imaging features of solitary plasmacytomas of the spine. METHODS The MR images of 7 patients with histologically proven solitary plasmacytomas of the spine were reviewed. RESULTS All tumors showed predominantly isoto hypointensity relative to muscle on Tl-weighted MR images and intermediate signal intensity between muscle and fat on T2- weighted images. Curvilinear low signal intensity structures were seen within the lesions on T1 and T2-weighted images in five tumors. Moderate to strong enhancement was seen in all 6 tumors that underwent contrast enhanced MR examination. All tumors showed areas of high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and heterogeneous enhancement, except the 2 largest tumors without pathologic fracture in the sacrum. Intervertebral discs were preserved in all tumors. CONCLUSION The MR imaging features that suggest plasmacytorna of the spine include predominant intermediate signal intensity on T2-weighted images, curvilinear low signal intensity structures, moderate to strong enhancement, relatively homogeneous appearance if there are no pathologic fracture and preservation of the intervertebral discs.
