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斑马鱼——一种理想的分子生物学研究的脊椎动物模型 被引量:6
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作者 江晓曦 郑文岭 +1 位作者 崔东 马文丽 《中国比较医学杂志》 CAS 2004年第2期74-74,共1页
关键词 斑马鱼 分子生物学 脊椎动物模型 基因组
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斑马鱼—发育生物学研究的最佳脊椎动物模型
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作者 李书鸿 《Developmental and Reproductive Biology》 1997年第1期91-97,共7页
从八十年代初开始的、通过突变体分离早期胚胎发育基因的研究,揭示了无脊椎动物果蝇形态发生的分子机制,成为1995年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的主要内容,同时也标着发育生物学已经成为生物学的带头学科。该成果的取得得益于果蝇具备发育生... 从八十年代初开始的、通过突变体分离早期胚胎发育基因的研究,揭示了无脊椎动物果蝇形态发生的分子机制,成为1995年诺贝尔生理或医学奖的主要内容,同时也标着发育生物学已经成为生物学的带头学科。该成果的取得得益于果蝇具备发育生物学研究模型的特点,即可同时进行胚胎学和发育遗传学研究。在脊动物发育生物学研究方面,由于缺少适当的研究模型,有关早期胚胎发育基因表达调鬼斧神工的研究始终未获突破性进展。包括小鼠、鸡、爪蟾等在一些脊椎动物都只适用于胚胎学或者遗传学某一学科的研究,均不是理想的发育生物学研究模型。一种小型的鲤科鱼-斑马鱼,逐渐成为发育生物学研究的最佳脊椎运动模型。它光周期产卵、卵大,胚胎在体外发育,胚胎发育速度快,早期胚胎完全透明,这些特点使它成为很好的脊椎动物胚胎学研究模型;同时,它个体小,产卵量大,产卵周期短,单倍体、雌核发育二倍体的制作和突变体的获得均较容易,精子可以冷冻保存,所有这些特点又使斑马鱼非常适合于发育遗传学研究。本文将详细论述斑马鱼作为脊椎动物发育生物学研究模型的特点,以及作为模型动物正在进行的有关工作。 展开更多
关键词 斑马鱼 发育生物学 脊椎动物模型
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看世界
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《健康大视野》 2015年第7期19-19,共1页
《细胞》(Cell)2015.2.12鱼儿帮我们认识衰老由于现有的脊椎动物模型(例如小鼠)寿命相对较长,而短寿的无脊椎动物(例如酵母和线虫)又缺乏人类的一些关键特征,研究衰老及其相关的疾病一直是一个挑战。现在斯坦碾大学的科学宦... 《细胞》(Cell)2015.2.12鱼儿帮我们认识衰老由于现有的脊椎动物模型(例如小鼠)寿命相对较长,而短寿的无脊椎动物(例如酵母和线虫)又缺乏人类的一些关键特征,研究衰老及其相关的疾病一直是一个挑战。现在斯坦碾大学的科学宦们找到了两者兼顾的解决方案,他们利用一种基因组编辑工具箱构建出了可利用非洲青鱂鱼(一种短寿鱼类)研究衰老的平台。研究人员希望这些鱼可以成为了解、预防及治疗老年疾病的一个有价值的新模型。 展开更多
关键词 脊椎动物模型 世界 老年疾病 脊椎动物 《细胞》 研究人员 衰老 工具箱
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中英两国鸡基因合作项目在北京启动
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作者 张树庸 《实验动物科学与管理》 2004年第1期11-11,共1页
关键词 人类 基因缺陷 生物医学 脊椎动物模型
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The gap in research on polyploidization between plants and vertebrates:model systems and strategic challenges 被引量:1
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作者 Jing Chai Yuebo Su +4 位作者 Feng Huang Shaojun Liu Min Tao Robert W.Murphy Jing Luo 《Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第17期1471-1478,共8页
Polyploidization via whole-genome duplications (WGD) is a common phenomenon in organisms. However, investigations into this phenomenon differ greatly between plants and animals. Recent research on polyploid plants i... Polyploidization via whole-genome duplications (WGD) is a common phenomenon in organisms. However, investigations into this phenomenon differ greatly between plants and animals. Recent research on polyploid plants illustrates the immediate changes that follow WGDs and the mechanisms behind in both genetic and epigenetic consequences. Unfortunately, equivalent questions remain to be explored in animals. Enlightened by botanical research, the study of polyploidization in vertebrates involves the identification of model animals and the establishment of strategies. Here we review and compare the research on plants and vertebrates while considering intrageneric or intraspecific variation in genome size. Suitable research methods on recently established poly- ploidy systems could provide important clues for under- standing what happens after WGDs in vertebrates. The approach yields insights into survival and the rarity of polyploidization in vertebrates. The species of Carassius and the allopolyploid system of goldfish × common carp hybridization appear to be suitable models for unraveling the evolution and adaptation of polyploid vertebrates. 展开更多
关键词 POLYPLOIDIZATION Recurrent WGD events Genome size variation Next-generation sequencing
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Identification of medaka magnetoreceptor and cryptochromes
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作者 Yunzhi Wang Jianbin Chen +1 位作者 Feng Zhu Yunhan Hong 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第3期271-278,共8页
Magnetoreception is a hallmark ability of animals for orientation and migration via sensing and utilizing geomagnetic fields.Magnetoreceptor(MagR) and cryptochromes(Cry) have recently been identified as the basis for ... Magnetoreception is a hallmark ability of animals for orientation and migration via sensing and utilizing geomagnetic fields.Magnetoreceptor(MagR) and cryptochromes(Cry) have recently been identified as the basis for magnetoreception in Drosophila.However,it has remained unknown whether MagR and Cry have conserved roles in diverse animals.Here we report the identification and expression of magr and cry genes in the fish medaka(Oryzias latipes).Cloning and sequencing identified a single magr gene,four cry genes and one cry-like gene in medaka.By sequence alignment,chromosomal synteny and gene structure analysis,medaka cry2 and magr were found to be the orthologs of human Cry2 and Magr,with cry1 aa and crylab being coorthologs of human Cry1.Therefore,magr and cry2 have remained as single copy genes,whereas cry1 has undergone two rounds of gene duplication in medaka.Interestingly,magr and cry genes were detected in various stages throughout embryogenesis and displayed ubiquitous expression in adult organs rather than specific or preferential expression in neural organs such as brain and eye.Importantly,magr knockdown by morpholino did not produce visible abnormality in developing embryos,pointing to the possibility of producing viable magr knockouts in medaka as a vertebrate model for magnet biology. 展开更多
关键词 magnetoreception MagR cryptochrome magnetogenetics
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Zebrafish:A Renewed Model System For Functional Genomics
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作者 Xiao-Yan Wen 《Science Foundation in China》 CAS 2008年第2期36-46,共11页
In the post genome era, a major goal in molecular biology is to determine the function of the many thousands of genes present in the vertebrate genome. The zebrafish ( Danio redo) provides an almost ideal genetic mo... In the post genome era, a major goal in molecular biology is to determine the function of the many thousands of genes present in the vertebrate genome. The zebrafish ( Danio redo) provides an almost ideal genetic model to identify the biological roles of these novel genes, in part because their embryos are transparent and develop rapidly, The zebrafish has many advantages over mouse for genome-wide mutagenesis studies, allowing for easier, cheaper and faster functional characterization of novel genes in the vertebrate genome. Many molecular research tools such as chemical mutagenesis, transgenesis , gene trapping, gene knockdown, 展开更多
关键词 Instrumentation and measurement Medical physics Biological physics
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