为探索椎骨发育相关(Vertebrae Development Associated,VRTN)基因和核受体亚家族6A组成员1(Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6 Group A Member 1,NR6A1)基因多态性与北京黑猪群体脊椎数的关联性,筛选脊椎数相关的重要分子标记,本研究利用PC...为探索椎骨发育相关(Vertebrae Development Associated,VRTN)基因和核受体亚家族6A组成员1(Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6 Group A Member 1,NR6A1)基因多态性与北京黑猪群体脊椎数的关联性,筛选脊椎数相关的重要分子标记,本研究利用PCR技术和测序技术检测北京黑猪与胸椎数相关的重要候选基因VRTN和NR6A1的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)位点,开展群体遗传学分析,并与胸椎数和腰椎数进行关联分析。结果显示:VRTN g.20311;0312ins291突变位点在北京黑猪群体中表现为ins/ins、ins/-、-/-3种基因型;g.19034A>C突变位点在北京黑猪群体中表现为AA、AC和CC3种基因型;NR6A1c.748C-T突变位点在北京黑猪群体中仅表现为TT基因型;关联分析结果表明,VRTN g.20311;0312ins291位点与北京黑猪的胸椎数和腰椎数无显著相关;g.19034A>C位点在北京黑猪中野生型个体(AA)的胸椎数显著低于突变纯合个体(CC),突变杂合个体(AC)的胸椎数与野生型个体和突变纯合个体差异均不显著;野生型个体(AA)的腰椎数显著高于突变纯合个体(CC),突变杂合个体(AC)的腰椎数与野生型个体和突变纯合个体的腰椎数差异均不显著。综上,VRTN基因g.19034A>C位点可作为潜在的北京黑猪多胸椎数分子标记。展开更多
The prenatal hormonal environment plays an important role in organizing sex differences in the morphology, physiology and behavior of humans as well as other vertebrates. Currently, all related research on rodents has...The prenatal hormonal environment plays an important role in organizing sex differences in the morphology, physiology and behavior of humans as well as other vertebrates. Currently, all related research on rodents has been focused on Myomorpha. This study presents data on sex differences in the anogenital distance （AGD） and the ratio of the second to the fourth digit length （2D：4D） from 44 wild David＇s rock squirrels Sciurotamias davidianus captured from the Qinling Mountains, China. This was the first study of a species from Sciuromorpha. The AGD as well as body mass are sexually dimorphic. There are no sex differences or lateral asymmetry in 2D：4D. Significant correlation was not found between AGD and 2D：4D for any paw. The findings indicate that 2D：4D may not be fixed or influenced by the prenatal steroidal environment in David＇s rock squirrels [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 180-185, 2014].展开更多
Many invasive invertebrates belong to unresolved species complexes, and have a history of misidentification and in-appropriate management. Here we detail confusion surrounding the taxonomy and identification of two do...Many invasive invertebrates belong to unresolved species complexes, and have a history of misidentification and in-appropriate management. Here we detail confusion surrounding the taxonomy and identification of two dolichoderine ant species, Iridomyrmex anceps Roger and OcheteUus glaber Mayr, which are commonly cited in the literature as having been spread widely by human commerce. We provide morphometric data and images strongly suggesting that these two ＂species＂ are instead com- plexes of species that are likely native to many regions where they are purportedly introduced. We take particular interest in the status of species referred to as L anceps and O. glaber in China, as this is the most northerly distribution of both genera. We con-clude by suggesting that many identifications of both species are likely to be unreliable, and we recommend against any manage- ment action aimed at controlling these species under the assumption that they are exotic [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 662-667, 2011].展开更多
New genes are drivers of evolutionary innovation and phenotypic evolution. Expression of new genes in early development raises the possibility that new genes could originate and be recruited for functions in embryonic...New genes are drivers of evolutionary innovation and phenotypic evolution. Expression of new genes in early development raises the possibility that new genes could originate and be recruited for functions in embryonic development, but this remains undocu- mented. Here, based on temporal gene expression at different developmental stages in Xenopus tropicolis, we found that young protein-coding genes were significantly enriched for expression in developmental stages occurring after the midblastula trans- ition （MBT）, and displayed a decreasing trend in abundance in the subsequent stages after MBT. To complement the finding, we demonstrate essential functional attributes of a young orphan gene, named as Fog2, in morphological development. Our data indicate that new genes could originate after MBT and be recruited for functions in embryonic development, and thus provide insights for better understanding of the origin, evolution, and function of new genes.展开更多
文摘为探索椎骨发育相关(Vertebrae Development Associated,VRTN)基因和核受体亚家族6A组成员1(Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6 Group A Member 1,NR6A1)基因多态性与北京黑猪群体脊椎数的关联性,筛选脊椎数相关的重要分子标记,本研究利用PCR技术和测序技术检测北京黑猪与胸椎数相关的重要候选基因VRTN和NR6A1的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)位点,开展群体遗传学分析,并与胸椎数和腰椎数进行关联分析。结果显示:VRTN g.20311;0312ins291突变位点在北京黑猪群体中表现为ins/ins、ins/-、-/-3种基因型;g.19034A>C突变位点在北京黑猪群体中表现为AA、AC和CC3种基因型;NR6A1c.748C-T突变位点在北京黑猪群体中仅表现为TT基因型;关联分析结果表明,VRTN g.20311;0312ins291位点与北京黑猪的胸椎数和腰椎数无显著相关;g.19034A>C位点在北京黑猪中野生型个体(AA)的胸椎数显著低于突变纯合个体(CC),突变杂合个体(AC)的胸椎数与野生型个体和突变纯合个体差异均不显著;野生型个体(AA)的腰椎数显著高于突变纯合个体(CC),突变杂合个体(AC)的腰椎数与野生型个体和突变纯合个体的腰椎数差异均不显著。综上,VRTN基因g.19034A>C位点可作为潜在的北京黑猪多胸椎数分子标记。
文摘The prenatal hormonal environment plays an important role in organizing sex differences in the morphology, physiology and behavior of humans as well as other vertebrates. Currently, all related research on rodents has been focused on Myomorpha. This study presents data on sex differences in the anogenital distance （AGD） and the ratio of the second to the fourth digit length （2D：4D） from 44 wild David＇s rock squirrels Sciurotamias davidianus captured from the Qinling Mountains, China. This was the first study of a species from Sciuromorpha. The AGD as well as body mass are sexually dimorphic. There are no sex differences or lateral asymmetry in 2D：4D. Significant correlation was not found between AGD and 2D：4D for any paw. The findings indicate that 2D：4D may not be fixed or influenced by the prenatal steroidal environment in David＇s rock squirrels [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 180-185, 2014].
文摘Many invasive invertebrates belong to unresolved species complexes, and have a history of misidentification and in-appropriate management. Here we detail confusion surrounding the taxonomy and identification of two dolichoderine ant species, Iridomyrmex anceps Roger and OcheteUus glaber Mayr, which are commonly cited in the literature as having been spread widely by human commerce. We provide morphometric data and images strongly suggesting that these two ＂species＂ are instead com- plexes of species that are likely native to many regions where they are purportedly introduced. We take particular interest in the status of species referred to as L anceps and O. glaber in China, as this is the most northerly distribution of both genera. We con-clude by suggesting that many identifications of both species are likely to be unreliable, and we recommend against any manage- ment action aimed at controlling these species under the assumption that they are exotic [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 662-667, 2011].
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31671325 and 31271339）. N.O.O. thanks the CAS-TWAS President＇s Fellowship Program for Doctoral Candidates for support.
文摘New genes are drivers of evolutionary innovation and phenotypic evolution. Expression of new genes in early development raises the possibility that new genes could originate and be recruited for functions in embryonic development, but this remains undocu- mented. Here, based on temporal gene expression at different developmental stages in Xenopus tropicolis, we found that young protein-coding genes were significantly enriched for expression in developmental stages occurring after the midblastula trans- ition （MBT）, and displayed a decreasing trend in abundance in the subsequent stages after MBT. To complement the finding, we demonstrate essential functional attributes of a young orphan gene, named as Fog2, in morphological development. Our data indicate that new genes could originate after MBT and be recruited for functions in embryonic development, and thus provide insights for better understanding of the origin, evolution, and function of new genes.
