For further reaseach on endovascular embolization treatment of AVMs, 54 patients with AVMs treated with embolization were observed. It was found that embolization was an effective procedure for the treatment of AVMs. ...For further reaseach on endovascular embolization treatment of AVMs, 54 patients with AVMs treated with embolization were observed. It was found that embolization was an effective procedure for the treatment of AVMs. Combined treatment of AVMs with presurgical embolization and direct surgery could reduce the comphcations resulting from large and high flow AVMs with lone surgical removal.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study whether recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) mediated foreign gene, LacZ, could pass the blood brain barrier by intra-carotid artery delivery and express in vivo in ischemic brain of the foc...OBJECTIVE: To study whether recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) mediated foreign gene, LacZ, could pass the blood brain barrier by intra-carotid artery delivery and express in vivo in ischemic brain of the focal embolic stroke rats to investigate a possibility of delivering foreign gene through carotid artery to treat acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: The carotid artery territory in 41 rats was embolized with or without arterial-like fibrin rich clots to make a model of focal embolic stroke rat. rAAV containing LacZ gene (rAAV-LacZ) was constructed in 293 cells by calcium phosphate cotransfection. The rats were assigned to one of the following treatments: 1 control (without embolism) groups, including PBS treated (n = 6), pLacZ treated (n = 6 ) and rAAV-LacZ treated (n = 6): 2 embolic groups, including embolism + PBS (n =7),embolism + pLacZ (n = 8) and embolism + rAAV-LacZ (n = 8). Brains were cryosectioned and kappa-Gal stain was performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively, after transfection, and then infarct volume was measured and the percentage of LacZ staining-positive cells was calculated. RESULTS: In all the control groups and embolism + PBS treated animal, no kappa-Gal staining-positive cells were found, but in embolism + pLacZ (n = 8) and embolism+rAAV-LacZ groups a lot of kappa-Gal staining-positive cells were found. The expression cells were in the tissues around the infarction. The gene expression persisted only nearly four weeks in embolic group with pLacZ. In the embolic group with rAAV-LacZ the expression was very stable during the experiment course (eight weeks) and the percentage of the expressed cells was significantly higher than that of its contralateral areas at the same time points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The plasmid vector and rAAV could enter the brain through the ischemia-damaged blood barrier and foreign gene can be expressed in brain. The positive gene expression is mainly in the peripheral areas of the infarction. rAAV as a permanent expression vector may ultimately be used for gene therapy of human ischemia cerebravascular diseases.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the diagnostic value of computerized tomographic angiography （ CTA ） and magnetic resonance angiography （ MRA ） for intracranial traumatic aneurysms （TAs）. Methods： CTA and MRA of si...Objective： To investigate the diagnostic value of computerized tomographic angiography （ CTA ） and magnetic resonance angiography （ MRA ） for intracranial traumatic aneurysms （TAs）. Methods： CTA and MRA of six patients with intracranial TAs verified by digital subtraction angiography （DSA） and surgery were retrospectively analysed. All patients were examined by nonenhanced computerized tomography （CT） and two by CTA. The source data were reconstructed by volume rendering （VR） and multi-planar reconstruction （MPR） from CTA. Four of them had maxhnum intensity project （MIP） from MRA. Results ： Of the six patients, a total of seven TAs were detected by CTA and MRA examinations. Five cases had only one TA and one case had two TAs. The average diameter was 2.3 cm （1.1-3.3 cm）. CTA demonstrated two TAs appeared at the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery （ICA） and the middle cerebral artery （MCA） respectively. MCA TA was definitely and dearly demonstrated on VR images, whereas VR images failed to depict the cavernous ICA TA, which was detected on MPR images. Two TAs were found irregular saccular shape,irregular margin of parent artery and wide neck on CTA. Four MRA examinations demonstrated five TAs, including the cavernous segment ICA TAs （2 cases）, the supraclinoid segment ICA TA （1 case ）, and the cavernous segment associated with opposite side of the petrosal segment ICA TA （1 case）. In a cavernous ICA TA, MRA only revealed aneurysm body, whereas aneurysm neck and distal segment of the parent artery were not revealed. In the remaining cases, MRA clearly depicted aneurysm body and parent artery, whereas the neck was not displayed. ICA TAs showed irregular capsnle-like high signal intensity on MRA images. Four TAs exhibited irregular distal segment of the parent artery. TAs at the supraclinoid segment or MCA failed to find fracture signs on nonenhanced CT. Conclusions： Both CTA and MRA examinations are the effective non-invasive method of imageology for diagnosing intracranlal TAs, while CTA is more eligible for diagnosing TAs after nonenhanced CT has demonstrated skull base fractures.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23） on vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 （PECAM-1）...Objective： To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23） on vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 （PECAM-1）/CD31 around the cerebral infarction focus in middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） rats and the possible mechanism, thus to provide a new strategy for the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke by acupuncture. Methods： A total of 180 healthy male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, an acupoint group and a non-acupoint group, 45 rats in each group. MCAO model was established using the modified line-embolus method in all rats except for those in the sham operation group; rats in the acupoint group were treated with EA at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23）; rats in the non-acupoint group were treated with EA at the control points; rats in other 2 groups were only subjected to bundling without treatment. Ten rats in each group were randomly selected on the 3rd day, the 14th day and the 21st day after acupuncture stimulation to test the neurological function impairment. The expression levels of CD31 and VEGF were also detected. Results： Compared with the model group and non-acupoint group, the neurological function score of the acupoint group was decreased at each time point, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The expressions of VEGF and CD31 in each group were the lowest on the 3rd day, reached the peak on the 14th day and still remained at high level on the 21st day. And the differences among groups were statistically significant both on the 14th day and the 21st day （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Compared with the model group and the non-acupoint group, the expressions of VEGF and CD31 in the acupoint group were increased, and the differences were statistically significant （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： EA at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23） can significantly improve the neurological function score of MCAO model rats, and shows protective effect on cerebral ischemia. The protective mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of CD31 and VEGF expression around the cerebral infarction focus in the MCAO model rats and induction of angiogenesis.展开更多
文摘For further reaseach on endovascular embolization treatment of AVMs, 54 patients with AVMs treated with embolization were observed. It was found that embolization was an effective procedure for the treatment of AVMs. Combined treatment of AVMs with presurgical embolization and direct surgery could reduce the comphcations resulting from large and high flow AVMs with lone surgical removal.
基金ThisstudywassupportedbythegrantforKeyProjectofNationalNaturalScienceFoundationinChina (No39730170)andthegrantforGeneralProjectofNSFC (No 3 9770 810 )
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study whether recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) mediated foreign gene, LacZ, could pass the blood brain barrier by intra-carotid artery delivery and express in vivo in ischemic brain of the focal embolic stroke rats to investigate a possibility of delivering foreign gene through carotid artery to treat acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: The carotid artery territory in 41 rats was embolized with or without arterial-like fibrin rich clots to make a model of focal embolic stroke rat. rAAV containing LacZ gene (rAAV-LacZ) was constructed in 293 cells by calcium phosphate cotransfection. The rats were assigned to one of the following treatments: 1 control (without embolism) groups, including PBS treated (n = 6), pLacZ treated (n = 6 ) and rAAV-LacZ treated (n = 6): 2 embolic groups, including embolism + PBS (n =7),embolism + pLacZ (n = 8) and embolism + rAAV-LacZ (n = 8). Brains were cryosectioned and kappa-Gal stain was performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively, after transfection, and then infarct volume was measured and the percentage of LacZ staining-positive cells was calculated. RESULTS: In all the control groups and embolism + PBS treated animal, no kappa-Gal staining-positive cells were found, but in embolism + pLacZ (n = 8) and embolism+rAAV-LacZ groups a lot of kappa-Gal staining-positive cells were found. The expression cells were in the tissues around the infarction. The gene expression persisted only nearly four weeks in embolic group with pLacZ. In the embolic group with rAAV-LacZ the expression was very stable during the experiment course (eight weeks) and the percentage of the expressed cells was significantly higher than that of its contralateral areas at the same time points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The plasmid vector and rAAV could enter the brain through the ischemia-damaged blood barrier and foreign gene can be expressed in brain. The positive gene expression is mainly in the peripheral areas of the infarction. rAAV as a permanent expression vector may ultimately be used for gene therapy of human ischemia cerebravascular diseases.
文摘Objective： To investigate the diagnostic value of computerized tomographic angiography （ CTA ） and magnetic resonance angiography （ MRA ） for intracranial traumatic aneurysms （TAs）. Methods： CTA and MRA of six patients with intracranial TAs verified by digital subtraction angiography （DSA） and surgery were retrospectively analysed. All patients were examined by nonenhanced computerized tomography （CT） and two by CTA. The source data were reconstructed by volume rendering （VR） and multi-planar reconstruction （MPR） from CTA. Four of them had maxhnum intensity project （MIP） from MRA. Results ： Of the six patients, a total of seven TAs were detected by CTA and MRA examinations. Five cases had only one TA and one case had two TAs. The average diameter was 2.3 cm （1.1-3.3 cm）. CTA demonstrated two TAs appeared at the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery （ICA） and the middle cerebral artery （MCA） respectively. MCA TA was definitely and dearly demonstrated on VR images, whereas VR images failed to depict the cavernous ICA TA, which was detected on MPR images. Two TAs were found irregular saccular shape,irregular margin of parent artery and wide neck on CTA. Four MRA examinations demonstrated five TAs, including the cavernous segment ICA TAs （2 cases）, the supraclinoid segment ICA TA （1 case ）, and the cavernous segment associated with opposite side of the petrosal segment ICA TA （1 case）. In a cavernous ICA TA, MRA only revealed aneurysm body, whereas aneurysm neck and distal segment of the parent artery were not revealed. In the remaining cases, MRA clearly depicted aneurysm body and parent artery, whereas the neck was not displayed. ICA TAs showed irregular capsnle-like high signal intensity on MRA images. Four TAs exhibited irregular distal segment of the parent artery. TAs at the supraclinoid segment or MCA failed to find fracture signs on nonenhanced CT. Conclusions： Both CTA and MRA examinations are the effective non-invasive method of imageology for diagnosing intracranlal TAs, while CTA is more eligible for diagnosing TAs after nonenhanced CT has demonstrated skull base fractures.
基金supported by Open Fund for Colleges and Universities Innovation Platform of Hunan Province, No.14K070Key Project of Hunan Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 201310~~
文摘Objective： To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23） on vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 （PECAM-1）/CD31 around the cerebral infarction focus in middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） rats and the possible mechanism, thus to provide a new strategy for the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke by acupuncture. Methods： A total of 180 healthy male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, an acupoint group and a non-acupoint group, 45 rats in each group. MCAO model was established using the modified line-embolus method in all rats except for those in the sham operation group; rats in the acupoint group were treated with EA at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23）; rats in the non-acupoint group were treated with EA at the control points; rats in other 2 groups were only subjected to bundling without treatment. Ten rats in each group were randomly selected on the 3rd day, the 14th day and the 21st day after acupuncture stimulation to test the neurological function impairment. The expression levels of CD31 and VEGF were also detected. Results： Compared with the model group and non-acupoint group, the neurological function score of the acupoint group was decreased at each time point, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The expressions of VEGF and CD31 in each group were the lowest on the 3rd day, reached the peak on the 14th day and still remained at high level on the 21st day. And the differences among groups were statistically significant both on the 14th day and the 21st day （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Compared with the model group and the non-acupoint group, the expressions of VEGF and CD31 in the acupoint group were increased, and the differences were statistically significant （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： EA at Ganshu （BL 18） and Shenshu （BL 23） can significantly improve the neurological function score of MCAO model rats, and shows protective effect on cerebral ischemia. The protective mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of CD31 and VEGF expression around the cerebral infarction focus in the MCAO model rats and induction of angiogenesis.
