放化疗同步治疗肺癌脑转移38例临床分析

目的:观察长春瑞滨(NVB)、顺铂(DDP)加用卫萌(Vm-26)联合脑部放射治疗肺癌脑转移患者的疗效、不良反应和生存率.方法:Vm-26 0.1,静脉滴入,d1～d3;NVB 25 mg/m2,静脉滴入,d1、d8;DDP 20 mg/m2,静脉滴入,d1～d3;21d为1个周期,脑部放疗于第1个周期化疗开始后第5天开始,每次DT1.8～2.0Gy,1次/d,每周5次,1～2个病灶者全脑放疗DT 40 Gy后缩野追加至DT 60 Gy,≥3个转移灶者给予全颅放疗DT45 Gy.结果:治疗后90%患者神经系统症状改善,对脑转移灶的客观有效率为71.1%(27/38),对肺原发灶的有效率为42.1%(16/38),主要不良反应为骨髓抑制和脱发,中位生存期11.01个月,1年生存率39.5%(15/38).结论:同步放、化疗治疗肺癌脑转移患者有效率和生存率均较高,且患者耐受性好.

Patients with brain metastases from gastrointestinal tract cancer treated with whole brain radiation therapy:Prognostic factors and survival

AIM: To identify the prognostic factors with regard to survival for patients with brain metastasis from primary tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: Nine hundred and sixteen patients with brain metastases, treated with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) between January 1985 and December 2000 at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients presented with a primary tumor of the gastrointestinal tract (esophagus: n=0, stomach: n=10, colorectal: n=47). Twenty-six patients had a solitary brain metastasis, 31 patients presented with multiple brain metastases. Surgical resection was performed in 25 patients. WBRT was applied with daily fractions of 2 Gray (Gy) or 3Gy to a total dose of 50Gy or 30Gy, respectively. The interval between diagnoses of the primary tumors and brain metastases was 22.6mo vs 8.0mo for patients with primary tumors of the colon/rectum vs other primary tumors, respectively (P<0.01, log-rank). Median overall survival for all patients with brain metastases (n=916) was 3.4mo and 3.2mo for patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms. Patients with gastrointestinal primary tumors presented significantly more often with a solitary brain metastasis than patients with other primary tumors (P<0.05, log-rank). In patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms (n=57), the median overall survival was 5.8 mo for patients with solitary brain metastasis vs 2.7mo for patients with multiple brain metastases (P<0.01, log-rank). The median overall survival for patients with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) ≥70 was 5.5mo vs 2.1mo for patients with KPS <70 (P<0.01, log-rank). At multivariate analysis (Cox Model) the performance status and the number of brain metastases were identified as independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CONCLUSION: Brain metastases occur late in the course of gastrointestinal tumors. Pretherapeutic variables like KPS and the number of brain metastases have a profound influence on treatment outcome.

小脑血管母细胞瘤16例影像学诊断及治疗分析

目的：探讨小脑血管母细胞瘤的影像学特征及显微手术疗效。方法：回顾性分析16例经手术和病理证实的小脑血管母细胞瘤的影像学特征和疗效。结果：全部显微手术治疗,无手术死亡病例。随访时间6个月-5 a,治愈14例,肿瘤复发2例,二次手术后治愈。结论：充分认识血管母细胞瘤的影像学特征,正确运用手术处理原则和显微外科技术,是提高疗效的关键。