Objective To observe the influence of acupuncture on hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis （HPOA） in rats with primary dysmenorrhea, and to explore its mechanisms. Methods Effects of acupuncture on the concentration lev...Objective To observe the influence of acupuncture on hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis （HPOA） in rats with primary dysmenorrhea, and to explore its mechanisms. Methods Effects of acupuncture on the concentration level of β-endorphin （β-EP）, hypothalamic hormone （gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH）, pituitary hormone （GnRH receptor GnRH-R, follicle stimulating hormone FSH, luteinizing hormone LH） and ovarian hormone （estrodiol E2, estrodiol receptor ER, progesterone P and progesterone receptor PR） were observed in dysmenorrheic rats. Results After receiving acupuncture treatment, the levels of 13- EP, GnRH, GnRH-R, FSH, LH, E2, ER, P and PR were changed, and this suggested that acupuncture had a regulative action on HPOA in dysmenorrheic rats. Conclusion The mechanism of acupuncture acting on the HPOA with primary dysmenorrhea might be its regulating role to the gonadal hormone of HPOA and its corresponding receptor expression.展开更多
Endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） are increasingly viewed as persistent pollutants, similar to natural hormones in function. This paper describes the expression profiles of 7 genes （DMRT, VTG, GnRHR, FSHR, CYP1...Endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） are increasingly viewed as persistent pollutants, similar to natural hormones in function. This paper describes the expression profiles of 7 genes （DMRT, VTG, GnRHR, FSHR, CYP17A, CYP19A, and CYP19B） involved in sex steroid synthesis and action as well as sexual development in adult male and female Cynoglossus semilaevis, after exposure to different concentrations ofBisphenol A （BPA） and 17[3-estradiol （E2）. Both BPA （1, 10, 50, 125, and 250 mg/kg） and E2 （0.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg） induced changes in target gene expression, although the estrogenic effects orE2 as a model estrogen were stronger. Among the 7 genes, VTG, CYP17A and CYP19 responded strongly to BPA or E2 exposure and can thus serve as reference biomarkers for estrogenic EDCs exposure in marine teleosts. These data will provide a window to establish a hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal model in C. semilaevis to better understand the effect pathways of EDCs.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the mechanism of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and study the relationship between DAI and brain concussion, brain contusion, and primary brain stem injury. Methods: The clinical data and iconograph...Objective: To analyze the mechanism of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and study the relationship between DAI and brain concussion, brain contusion, and primary brain stem injury. Methods: The clinical data and iconographic characteristics of 56 patients with DAI were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Traffic accidents were the main cause of DAI. Among the 56 cases, 34 were injured for at least twice, and 71.43% of the patients were complicated with contusion. Conclusions: It is considered that DAI is a common pattern of primary brain injury, which is often underestimated. And DAI includes cerebral concussion and primary brain injury, and is often complicated by cerebral cortex contusion. Therefore, it is very simple and practical to divide primary brain injuries into local and diffuse injuries.展开更多
Objective: Exploring the intra axonal overloading of calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) in brain diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and the therapeutic effect of calcium antagonist(Nimotop) on DAI. Methods: Fourteen SD rats were ...Objective: Exploring the intra axonal overloading of calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) in brain diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and the therapeutic effect of calcium antagonist(Nimotop) on DAI. Methods: Fourteen SD rats were divided into injury group, treatment group and control group. The DAI model of rats was produced by using a head instant axial rotation device. Tissues from the medulla oblongata of rats were taken 2 24 h post injury and processed for electron microscopic observation by a cytochemical technique for calcium ion. Results: In the injured rats there was evidence of local disruption of myelin sheath,lucent spaces between myelin sheath lamellae, separation of axolemma from the inner layer of myelin sheath, peripheral accumulation of organellae, intra axonal formation of vacuoles and reduction of mitochondria. A large number of fine calcium deposits were seen on the affected myelin sheath. The severity of the myelin sheath lesion was related positively to the number of calcium deposits on it. In the later post injury period the coarse calcium particles appeared within the damaged axon. Neuronal somas and microvascular endotheliums showed a lot of vacuoles and some fine calcium deposits. Many microvilli formed on the luminal aspect of endothelium. In the treatment group myelin sheath tended to be injured locally, and axoplasmic mitochondria were nearly normal in number, structure, and distribution. Few calcium deposits were found in axons. Vacuolization was obviously reduced in neuronal soma and endothelium. Conclusions: In DAI there exists an intra axonal overloading of calcium ion, which is a key factor to the occurrence and development of DAI. Early use of Nimotop can alleviate DAI.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Tanreqing injection on axon myelin in the mouse brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).METHODS: An EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Tanreqing injection on axon myelin in the mouse brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).METHODS: An EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)35-55 immunization in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal, model,prednisone acetate(PA)(6 mg/kg), Tanreqing high dose(5.14 m L/kg), Tanreqing low dose(2.57 m L/kg). On the day of immunization, both Tanreqing groups were treated by intraperitoneal injection,with the PA group treated by intragastrical perfusion after T cell response, and the other groups treated with saline. Changes in body weight, neurological deficit score, incidence rate, mortality rate,and course of disease were observed for all mice.Brain tissue was isolated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and pathological investigations performed to evaluate axon myelin damage by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Myelin basic protein and microtubule associated protein-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Tanreqing injection significantly prolonged EAE latency and decreased the neurological deficit score, alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in the focus area, up-regulated hippocampal MBP expression at the acute stage and the remission stage, and increased microtubule associated protein-2 expression in the EAE brain to varying degrees in the acute stage. TEM analysis indicated that Tanreqing injection alleviates myelin damage in the EAE mouse and maintains the integrity of circular layer structures and alleviates axon mitochondrial swelling.CONCLUSION: Tanreqing injection alleviates EAE symptoms.展开更多
基金National Basic Research Program of China(973 program,No:2006CB504502)Chinese Na-tional Foundation of Natural Sciences.(No.90209009)
文摘Objective To observe the influence of acupuncture on hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis （HPOA） in rats with primary dysmenorrhea, and to explore its mechanisms. Methods Effects of acupuncture on the concentration level of β-endorphin （β-EP）, hypothalamic hormone （gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH）, pituitary hormone （GnRH receptor GnRH-R, follicle stimulating hormone FSH, luteinizing hormone LH） and ovarian hormone （estrodiol E2, estrodiol receptor ER, progesterone P and progesterone receptor PR） were observed in dysmenorrheic rats. Results After receiving acupuncture treatment, the levels of 13- EP, GnRH, GnRH-R, FSH, LH, E2, ER, P and PR were changed, and this suggested that acupuncture had a regulative action on HPOA in dysmenorrheic rats. Conclusion The mechanism of acupuncture acting on the HPOA with primary dysmenorrhea might be its regulating role to the gonadal hormone of HPOA and its corresponding receptor expression.
基金Supported by the special funds for the Basic R&D Program in the Central Non-profit Research Institutes(No.2060302)
文摘Endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） are increasingly viewed as persistent pollutants, similar to natural hormones in function. This paper describes the expression profiles of 7 genes （DMRT, VTG, GnRHR, FSHR, CYP17A, CYP19A, and CYP19B） involved in sex steroid synthesis and action as well as sexual development in adult male and female Cynoglossus semilaevis, after exposure to different concentrations ofBisphenol A （BPA） and 17[3-estradiol （E2）. Both BPA （1, 10, 50, 125, and 250 mg/kg） and E2 （0.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg） induced changes in target gene expression, although the estrogenic effects orE2 as a model estrogen were stronger. Among the 7 genes, VTG, CYP17A and CYP19 responded strongly to BPA or E2 exposure and can thus serve as reference biomarkers for estrogenic EDCs exposure in marine teleosts. These data will provide a window to establish a hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal model in C. semilaevis to better understand the effect pathways of EDCs.
文摘Objective: To analyze the mechanism of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and study the relationship between DAI and brain concussion, brain contusion, and primary brain stem injury. Methods: The clinical data and iconographic characteristics of 56 patients with DAI were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Traffic accidents were the main cause of DAI. Among the 56 cases, 34 were injured for at least twice, and 71.43% of the patients were complicated with contusion. Conclusions: It is considered that DAI is a common pattern of primary brain injury, which is often underestimated. And DAI includes cerebral concussion and primary brain injury, and is often complicated by cerebral cortex contusion. Therefore, it is very simple and practical to divide primary brain injuries into local and diffuse injuries.
文摘Objective: Exploring the intra axonal overloading of calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) in brain diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and the therapeutic effect of calcium antagonist(Nimotop) on DAI. Methods: Fourteen SD rats were divided into injury group, treatment group and control group. The DAI model of rats was produced by using a head instant axial rotation device. Tissues from the medulla oblongata of rats were taken 2 24 h post injury and processed for electron microscopic observation by a cytochemical technique for calcium ion. Results: In the injured rats there was evidence of local disruption of myelin sheath,lucent spaces between myelin sheath lamellae, separation of axolemma from the inner layer of myelin sheath, peripheral accumulation of organellae, intra axonal formation of vacuoles and reduction of mitochondria. A large number of fine calcium deposits were seen on the affected myelin sheath. The severity of the myelin sheath lesion was related positively to the number of calcium deposits on it. In the later post injury period the coarse calcium particles appeared within the damaged axon. Neuronal somas and microvascular endotheliums showed a lot of vacuoles and some fine calcium deposits. Many microvilli formed on the luminal aspect of endothelium. In the treatment group myelin sheath tended to be injured locally, and axoplasmic mitochondria were nearly normal in number, structure, and distribution. Few calcium deposits were found in axons. Vacuolization was obviously reduced in neuronal soma and endothelium. Conclusions: In DAI there exists an intra axonal overloading of calcium ion, which is a key factor to the occurrence and development of DAI. Early use of Nimotop can alleviate DAI.
基金Supported by the Research on the Effect of Catalpol on the OPCs' Proliferation and Differentiation(No.81173237)Research on the Impact of OPCs and Remyelination via the Method of Bushenyisu with EAE mice(No.81072765)of National Natural Science Foundation
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Tanreqing injection on axon myelin in the mouse brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).METHODS: An EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)35-55 immunization in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal, model,prednisone acetate(PA)(6 mg/kg), Tanreqing high dose(5.14 m L/kg), Tanreqing low dose(2.57 m L/kg). On the day of immunization, both Tanreqing groups were treated by intraperitoneal injection,with the PA group treated by intragastrical perfusion after T cell response, and the other groups treated with saline. Changes in body weight, neurological deficit score, incidence rate, mortality rate,and course of disease were observed for all mice.Brain tissue was isolated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and pathological investigations performed to evaluate axon myelin damage by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Myelin basic protein and microtubule associated protein-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Tanreqing injection significantly prolonged EAE latency and decreased the neurological deficit score, alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in the focus area, up-regulated hippocampal MBP expression at the acute stage and the remission stage, and increased microtubule associated protein-2 expression in the EAE brain to varying degrees in the acute stage. TEM analysis indicated that Tanreqing injection alleviates myelin damage in the EAE mouse and maintains the integrity of circular layer structures and alleviates axon mitochondrial swelling.CONCLUSION: Tanreqing injection alleviates EAE symptoms.
