改进Langmuir吸附模型建立与电吸附脱盐实验验证

电吸附作为废水处理的新兴技术,具有广阔的应用前景。基于电吸附水处理技术的基本原理以及现有电吸附理论由经典模型(Helmholtz-Perrin、Gouy-Chapman、Gouy-Chapman-Stern模型等),借鉴并建立了一种新型电吸附脱盐吸附量预测模型(改进Langmuir模型)。利用TiO_(2)与碳纳米管(CNTs)制备TiO_(2)/CNTs复合材料,以氯离子为脱除对象,修饰在电吸附装置的阳极表面开展除氯实验。实验探究了不同比例的复合材料以及不同电压下吸附材料的除盐效果,发现TiO_(2)/CNTs复合材料在配比为60%T/C,电压为1.2 V的实验条件下,获得了最大吸附量(6.5 mg/g)。并通过上述实验对吸附量模型进行了校核。结果显示,改进Langmuir模型能够较好地模拟出实际脱盐的变化趋势。此外,还对电吸附容量的影响因素进行了讨论,以期对未来电吸附模型理论研究提供有力支撑。

Pretreatment of Crude Oil by Ultrasonic-electric United Desalting and Dewatering

A technology of ultrasonic-electric united desalting and dewatering of crude oil is studied. The ultrasonic setup is designed to form a standing-wave field, which is more efficient for agglomeration of water particles. The desalting and dewatering results of the ultrasonic-electric united process are compared with those of the electric process. For high salt-contenting crude oil （40-70 mg·L ^-1）, the salt content is still above 10.0 mg·L^-1 after crude oil has been treated by two-stage electric desalting process in refinery, which cannot meet the need of refinery. Ultrasonic-electric united process is a novel technology for treating the high salt-contenting oil. On the optimal operating conditions of the ultrasonic-electric united process, the salt content of crude oil can be reduced from 67 5 mg·L^-1 to 3.97 mg·L ^-1 by one-stage ultrasonic-electric united process, and the water content falls below 0.3% （by volume）. The results show that the ultrasonic-electric united process is more effective than the electric process in high salt-contenting oil desalting. This technology should be useful in the refinery process.