生物识别技术种类及未来趋势

什么是生物识别技术 什么是生物识别技术?所谓生物识别技术就是:通过计算机与光、声、生物传感器和生物统计学原理等高科技手段密切结合,利用人体固有的生理特性(如指纹、脸像、红膜等)和行为特征(如笔迹、声音、步态等)来进行个人身份的鉴定。 传统的身份鉴定方法包括身份标识物品(如钥匙、证件。

基于隶属度函数的决策层融合算法

虹膜识别对所采集的样本图像较为苛刻的要求所造成的高采集失败率和注册失败率是阻碍它推向大规模应用的重要原因,也是目前虹膜识别研究的难点问题之一。在适当降低虹膜图像采集质量要求的条件下,能够大幅降低采集失败率和注册失败率,但同时也降低了识别的性能。采用数据融合的方法,在识别的决策层引入对应的脸像特征模板的相似度判据,根据所提出的基于隶属度函数的决策层融合算法实现融合决策。实验结果表明,这种多生物特征融合决策的方法既可以使得虹膜的采集失败率和注册失败率保持在实际应用可以接受的程度,又能够使得整体的识别性能达到目前虹膜识别技术的水平。

浅谈人体运动视觉分析技术的应用

人体运动分析在高级人机交互、安全监控、视频会议、医疗诊断及基于内容的图像存储与检索等方面具有广泛的应用前景和潜在的经济价值,从而激发了世界上广大科研工作者及相关商家的浓厚兴趣,尤其在美国、英国等国家已经开展了大量相关项目的研究,人体运动跟踪技术目前的研究主要集中在人的脸像识别、步态识别或特定行为的识别,尽管当前的研究已取得了一定的进展,但是依然处于初级阶段,需要不断地提出新的方法以推广此项技术在各方面的应用。

FACE RECOGNITION USING TWO DIMENSIONAL LAPLACIAN EIGENMAP

Recently, some research efforts have shown that face images possibly reside on a nonlinear sub-manifold. Though Laplacianfaees method considered the manifold structures of the face images, it has limits to solve face recognition problem. This paper proposes a new feature extraction method, Two Dimensional Laplacian EigenMap （2DLEM）, which especially considers the manifold structures of the face images, and extracts the proper features from face image matrix directly by using a linear transformation. As opposed to Laplacianfaces, 2DLEM extracts features directly from 2D images without a vectorization preprocessing. To test 2DLEM and evaluate its performance, a series of ex- periments are performed on the ORL database and the Yale database. Moreover, several experiments are performed to compare the performance of three 2D methods. The experiments show that 2DLEM achieves the best performance.

A closed-loop algorithm to detect human face using color and reinforcement learning

A closed-loop algorithm to detect human face using color information and reinforcement learning is presented in this paper. By using a skin-color selector, the regions with color "like" that of human skin are selected as candidates for human face. In the next stage, the candidates are matched with a face model and given an evaluation of the match degree by the matching module. And if the evaluation of the match result is too low, a reinforcement learning stage will start to search the best parameters of the skin-color selector. It has been tested using many photos of various ethnic groups under various lighting conditions, such as different light source, high light and shadow. And the experiment result proved that this algorithm is robust to the vary-ing lighting conditions and personal conditions.

A color based face detection system using multiple templates

A color based system using multiple templates was developed and implem ented for detecting human faces in color images. The algorithm consists of three image processing steps. The first step is human skin color statistics. Then it separates skin regions from non-skin regions. After that, it locates the fronta l human face(s) within the skin regions. In the first step, 250 skin samples from persons of different ethnicities are used to determine the color distribution o f human skin in chromatic color space in order to get a chroma chart showing lik elihoods of skin colors. This chroma chart is used to generate, from the origina l color image, a gray scale image whose gray value at a pixel shows its likelih ood of representing the skin. The algorithm uses an adaptive thresholding proces s to achieve the optimal threshold value for dividing the gray scale image into separate skin regions from non skin regions. Finally, multiple face templates ma tching is used to determine if a given skin region represents a frontal human fa ce or not. Test of the system with more than 400 color images showed that the re sulting detection rate was 83%, which is better than most color-based face dete c tion systems. The average speed for face detection is 0.8 second/image (400×300 pixels) on a Pentium 3 (800MHz) PC.

An infrared human face recognition method based on 2DPCA

Aimed at the problems of infrared image recognition under varying illumination,face disguise,etc.,we bring out an infrared human face recognition algorithm based on 2DPCA.The proposed algorithm can work out the covariance matrix of the training sample easily and directly;at the same time,it costs less time to work out the eigenvector.Relevant experiments are carried out,and the result indicates that compared with the traditional recognition algorithm,the proposed recognition method is swift and has a good adaptability to the changes of human face posture.

Image Based Rendering under Varying Illumination

A new approach for photorealistic rendering of a class of objects at arbitrary illumination is presented. The approach of the authors relies entirely on image based rendering techniques. A scheme is utilized for re-illumination of objects based on linear combination of low dimensional image representations. The minimum rendering condition of technique of the authors is three sample images under varying illumination of a reference object and a single input image of an interested object. Important properties of this approach are its simplicity, robustness and speediness. Experimental results validate the proposed rendering approach.

Efficient Approach for Face Detection in Video Surveillance

Security access control systems and automatic video surveillance systems are becoming increasingly important recently,and detecting human faces is one of the indispensable processes.In this paper,an approach is presented to detect faces in video surveillance.Firstly,both the skin-color and motion components are applied to extract skin-like regions.The skin-color segmentation algorithm is based on the BPNN (back-error-propagation neural network) and the motion component is obtained with frame difference algorithm.Secondly,the image is clustered into separated face candidates by using the region growing technique.Finally,the face candidates are further verified by the rule-based algorithm.Experiment results demonstrate that both the accuracy and processing speed are very promising and the approach can be applied for the practical use.

Patch-guided facial image inpainting by shape propagation

Images with human faces comprise an essential part in the imaging realm. Occlusion or damage in facial portions will bring a remarkable discomfort and information loss. We propose an algorithm that can repair occluded or damaged facial images automatically, named ‘facial image inpainting＇. Inpainting is a set of image processing methods to recover missing image portions. We extend the image inpainting methods by introducing facial domain knowledge. With the support of a face database, our approach propagates structural information, i.e., feature points and edge maps, from similar faces to the missing facial regions. Using the interred structural information as guidance, an exemplar-based image inpainting algorithm is employed to copy patches in the same face from the source portion to the missing portion. This newly proposed concept of facial image inpainting outperforms the traditional inpainting methods by propagating the facial shapes from a face database, and avoids the problem of variations in imaging conditions from different images by inferring colors and textures from the same face image. Our system produces seamless faces that are hardly seen drawbacks.