羊粪在豫西旱地烟田的矿化特征研究

为了明确羊粪有机肥在豫西丘陵旱地的养分释放规律,为豫西旱地烟田施用羊粪有机肥提供理论基础,于2019年采用尼龙网袋田间原位培养的方法,研究了烟苗移栽前结合起垄施入腐熟羊粪有机肥在洛阳烟田的碳氮矿化特征及其对土壤速效养分含量和腐殖酸组分的影响。结果显示:羊粪有机肥在土壤掩埋0~15 d矿化速度缓慢,15 d后快速矿化,在75 d达到峰值,碳、氮矿化率占整个矿化掩埋期矿化量的87.81%和88.11%,75 d后矿化减弱,矿化率趋于平稳。随着羊粪有机肥掩埋天数的增加,土壤硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量升高,铵态氮含量降低,表明羊粪有机肥在矿化过程中有利于促进土壤的硝化作用,增强土壤的供肥能力;羊粪有机肥施入土壤还能促进土壤腐殖酸的形成和积累,在施入土壤60d后,土壤腐殖酸、富里酸、胡敏酸的含量及胡富比较对照处理明显升高。因此,豫西烤烟旱作区在烟苗移栽前提前施入腐熟羊粪有机肥,其碳氮矿化规律与烤烟的需肥要求能够较好地吻合,且有利于改善烟田土壤质量,但是羊粪有机肥矿化前期速率较慢,应与化肥搭配使用。

Extraction and Characterization of Humic Acids and Humin Fractions from a Black Soil of China

Twenty-three progressive extractions were performed to study individual humic acids (HAs) and humin fractions from a typical black soil (Mollisol) in Heilongjiang Province, China using elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques. After 23 HA extractions the residue was separated into high and low organic carbon humin fractions. HA yield was the highest for the first extraction and then gradually decreased with further extractions. Organic carbon (OC) of the humin fractions accounted for 58% of total OC …