腔损对单原子微激射器中产生稳定四阶与振幅平方压缩态的影响

研究了利用相干陷落方法在单原子微激射器中产生具有四阶压缩和振幅平方压缩性质的稳态腔场.结果表明,在目前微激射器实验的腔损条件下,如果注入腔中的原子初始处于相干态,只要原子束的通量适当大,当原子在腔中的飞行时间满足陷落条件时,腔场可进入相干陷落态。

Measurement of Cavity Loss and Quasi-Fermi-Level Separation for Fabry-Pérot Semiconductor Lasers

A fitting process is used to measure the cavity loss and the quasi Fermi level separation for Fabry Pérot semiconductor lasers.From the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectrum,the gain spectrum and single pass ASE obtained by the Cassidy method are applied in the fitting process.For a 1550nm quantum well InGaAsP ridge waveguide laser,the cavity loss of about ～24cm -1 is obtained.

Association between infection of different strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque and clinical parameters in chronic periodontitis

Objective： The aim of this study was to investigate subgingival infection frequencies ofPorphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains with genetic variation in Chinese chronic periodontitis （CP） patients and to evaluate its correlation with clinical parameters. Methods： Two multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR） assays were developed to detect the 16SrDNA, collagenase （prtC） and fimbria （fimA） genes of P. gingivalis and the 16SrDNA, leukotoxin （lktA） and fimbria-associated protein （fap） genes ofA. actinomycetemcomitans in 60 sulcus samples from 30 periodontal healthy subjects and in 122 subgingival plaque samples from 61 patients with CP. The PCR products were further T-A cloned and sent for nucleotide sequence analysis. Results： The 16SrDNA,prtC andfimA genes ofP. gingivalis were detected in 92.6%, 85.2% and 80.3% of the subgingival plaque samples respectively, while the 16SrDNA, lktA andfap genes ofA. actinomycetemcomitans were in 84.4%, 75.4% and 50.0% respectively. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed 98.62%-100% homology of the PCR products in these genes with the reported sequences. P. gingivalis strains with prtC＋/fimA＋ and A. actinomycetemcomitans with lktA＋ were predominant in deep pockets （〉6 mm） or in sites with attachment loss 〉5 mm than in shallow pockets （3-4 mm） or in sites with attachment loss 〈2 mm （P〈0.05）. P. gingivalis strains withprtC＋/fimA＋ also showed higher frequency in gingival index （GI）=3 than in GI=1 group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Infection ofP. gingivalis with prtC＋/fimA＋ and A. actinomycetemcomitans with lktA＋ correlates with periodontal destruction of CP in Chinese. Nonetheless P. gingivalis fim4, prtC genes and A. actinomycetem- comitans lktA gene are closely associated with periodontal destruction, while A. actinomycetemcomitansfap gene is not.

Prospect of Functional Salivary Gland Enhancement with Biomedical Strategies for Head and Neck Cancers

Xerostomia is the main complication inflicting head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.Conventional treatment is not very effective in alleviating this morbidity.Biomedical strategies such as gene transfer and tissue engineering have made substantial progress that will potentially lead to successful new treatment options for this condition.This report reviews the process of radiation damage to the salivary glands and the advances in functional salivary gland enhancement with these two brand-new technologies.

Design and Performance Analysis of Small Denture Machining Equipment

The research and application on small denture machining equipment are great breakthrough for modern dental restoration technology. In this paper, a small denture machining equipment made of two spindles with four-axis was designed based on machining characteristics and functional analysis. Position accuracy and re-position accuracy were measured by accuracy instrument. In order to test its machining capacity, some typical microstcucture parts, such as straight channel, hemispherical surface, and molars coronal, were selected for high speed milling. It was obtained that the denture machining equipment met the machining requirements with high quality and efficiency, according to the acquisition and analysis of form and position errors, surface roughness, and 3-D profile.

Is laparoscopy equal to laparotomy in detecting and treating small bowel injuries in a porcine model?

AIM: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopy compared with laparotomy for diagnosing and treating small bowel injuries (SBIs) in a porcine model. METHODS: Twenty-eight female pigs were anesthetized and laid in the left recumbent position. The SBI model was established by shooting at the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. The pigs were then randomized into either the laparotomy group or the laparoscopy group. All pigs underwent routine exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy to evaluate the abdominal injuries, particularly the types, sites, and numbers of SBIs. Traditional open surgery or therapeutic laparoscopy was then performed. All pigs were kept alive within the observational period (postoperative 72 h). The postoperative recovery of each pig was carefully observed. RESULTS: The vital signs of all pigs were stable within 1-2 h after shooting and none of the pigs died from gunshot wounds or SBIs immediately. The SBI model was successfully established in all pigs and definitively diagnosed with single or multiple SBIs either by exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy. Compared with exploratory laparotomy, laparoscopy took a significantly longer time for diagnosis (41.27 ± 12.04 min vs 27.64 ± 13.32 min, P = 0.02), but the time for therapeutic laparoscopy was similar to that of open surgery. The length of incision was significantly reduced in the laparoscopy group compared with the laparotomy group (5.27 ± 1.86 cm vs 15.73 ± 1.06 cm, P < 0.01). In the final post-mortem examination 72 h after surgery, both laparotomy and laparoscopy offered a definitive diagnosis with no missed injuries. Postoperative complications occurred in four cases (three following laparotomy and one following laparoscopy, P = 0.326). The average recovery period for bowel function, vital appearance, and food re-intake after laparoscopy was 10.36 ± 4.72 h, 14.91 ± 3.14 h, and 15.00 ± 7.11 h, respectively. All of these were significantly shorter than after laparotomy (21.27 ± 10.17 h, P = 0.004; 27.82 ± 9.61 h, P < 0.001; and 24.55 ± 9.72 h, respectively, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Compared with laparotomy, laparoscopy offers equivalent efficacy for diagnosing and treating SBIs, and reduces postoperative complications as well as recovery period.

850 nm Implant-confined VCSEL Temperature Characteristics

The temperature characteristics of VCSEL using proton implantation are described,compared with its edge-emitting counterpart.Implant-confined VCSEL operation has been realized up to 120 ℃.These records of high operating temperature are caused by high characteristic temperature. The relevant physical mechanisms including their dependence on temperature and carrier density are considered. The temperature sensitivity of the threshold current is not strongly increasing with higher temperature.

ONE CASE REPORT OF REHABILITATION OF MIDFACIAL DEFECT USING SEMI-PRECISION ATTACHMENTS

Objective To discuss the application of semi-precision attachment in restoring a midfacial defect, including a nasal, upper lip, and anterior maxillary defect. Methods A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper right first molar to left molar） and a bar with stud attachments was done. A removable partial denture （RPD） containing the patrix portion of the attachment was then designed to restore the missing maxillary anterior teeth and alveolar ridge. Finally,, The facial prosthesis was joined to the denture utilizing two retentive metal posts on the superior aspect of the removable partial. Results A splinted metal-ceramic crowns （from the upper right frst molar to left molar） and a bar with stud attachments was done. A RPD containing the patrix portion of the attachment was then designed to restore the missing maxillary anterior teeth and alveolar ridge. Finally, The facial prosthesis was joined to the denture utilizing two retentive metal posts on the superior aspect of the removable partial. The prosthesis markedly improved the appearance of the patient and demonstrated good retention. Conclusion Using attachment in restoring rnaxillofacial defect may provide adequate retetion which lead to a sucessful treatment outcome.

The Use of 3D laparoscopy in Surgical Operation

Purpose： studying and analyzing the application effect of three dimensional （3D） laparoscopy m surgical operation. Method： We select 126 patients who were diagnosed celiac disease in our hospital between May 2015 and April 2016 as our research subjects. All of these patients have indications for laparoscopic surgery, and we divide them into two groups randomly （observation and control group）. While the observation group is treated by 3D laparoscopic operation system, and the control group is treated by 2D laparoscopic system. During the treatment ,we observe the operation time, intra-operative bleeding and hospitalization time between the two different methods. Result： During the operation, the operation time of observation is （135.5±23.84） minutes and intra-operative bleeding time is （130.2±20. 11） milliliters, which both them are significantly lower than control group （163.8±25.22）min, （146.3±27.42）ml. This difference is statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. On the other hand, there is no obvious difference between observation and conlrol about indwelling catheter time, postoperative hospitalization time and postoperative exhaust time. For the observation, the datum were （2.3±0.31） d, （8.1±1. 32） d, （3.2±0.58） d and they were no statistical significance. Conclusion： Compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery, the image of 3D laparoscopic surgery is more clear and stereoscopic. What＇s more, operators can have a good command of it easily to shorten operation time, which avoid surgery vascular damage and reduce bleeding amounts to some extent. It is a good assistant for clinical use.

Repair of a mal-repaired biliary injury:A case report

Iatrogenic bile-duct injury post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains a major serious complication with unpredictable long-term results. We present a patient who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones, in which the biliary injury was recognized intraoperatively. The surgical procedure was converted to an open one. The first surgeon repaired the injury over a T-tube without recognizing the anatomy and type of the biliary lesion, which led to an unusual biliary mal-repair. Immediately postoperatively, the abdominal drain brought a large amount of bile. A T-tube cholangiogram was performed. Despite the contrast medium leaking through the abdominal drain, the mal-repair was recognized intraoperatively. The surgical procedure was converted to an open one. The first surgeon repaired the injury over a T-tube without recognizing the anatomy and type of the biliary lesion, which led to an unusual biliary mal-repair. Immediately postoperatively, the abdominal drain brought a large amount of bile. A T-tube cholangiogram was performed. Despite the contrast medium leaking through the abdominal drain, the mal-repair was unrecognized. The patient was referred to our hospital for biliary leak. Ultrasound and cholangiography was repeated, which showed an unanatomical repair （right to left hepatic duct anastomosis over the T-tube）,with evidence of contrast medium coming out through the abdominal drain. Eventually the patient was subjected to a definitive surgical treatment. The biliary continuity was re-established by a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, over transanastomotic external biliary stents. The patient is now doing well 4 years after the second surgical procedure. In reviewing the literature, we found a similar type of injury but we did not find a similar surgical real-repair. We propose an algorithm for the treatment of early and late biliary injuries.

Clinical application and histological observation of pedicled buccal fat pad grafting

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the applied anatomy of pedicled buccal fat pad (BFP) graft and a series of histological changes in the healing process of BFP as an uncovered pedicled graft. METHODS: The healing processes of BFP are demonstrated via uncovered pedicled grafts on rabbits in histological examination. Uncovered buccal fat pads were used to repair soft tissue defects in rabbit oral cavities. RESULTS: The uncovered buccal fat pads showed complete epithelialization of their oral surfaces at 6 to 8 weeks after surgery and were slowly replaced by fibrous tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Advantages of the pedicled buccal fat pad graft include an anatomic region that is consistent and easy to excise. The operation can be performed in one incision, affecting neither appearance nor function of the area. Use of the buccal fat pad provides a good reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the mouth.

Creation of a rabbit model for intrauterine adhesions using electrothermal injury

The pathogenesis and therapeutic treatment of intrauterine adhesions （IUAs） remain unsolved, highlighting the need for stable and effective experimental animal models. In this study, uterine electrocoagulaUon of twenty-one female New Zealand White rabbits was carried out to establish an IUA model. As rabbits have two completely separate uterine horns, each rabbit had its own internal control： one uterine horn was given an electrothermal injury （Group A, n=21）, and the contralateral uterine horn received no treatment and served as the control （Group B, n=21）. The en- dometrial morphology, number of endometrial glands, area of endometrial fibrosis, and number of implanted fetuses were compared between the two groups. In Group A, the numbers of endometrial glands on Days 7 and 14 and the number of implanted fetuses were significantly lower than those in Group B（P〈0.05, P〈0.05, and P〈0.01, respectively）, while the ratio of the area with endometrial stromal fibrosis to the total endometrial area was significantly increased （P〈0.01）. These results suggest that this method of electrothermal injury is effective for the establishment of a rabbit lUA model between 7 and 14 d after surgery.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the treatment of hepatic hydrothorax:report of twelve cases

Background： Hepatic hydrothorax is defined as a significant pleural effusion in patients with liver cirrhosis and without underlying cardiopulmonary diseases. Treatment of hepatic hydrothorax remains a challenge at present. Methods： Herein we share our experiences in the treatment of 12 patients with hepatic hydrothorax by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS） Repair of the diaphragmatic defects, or pleurodesis by focal pleurectomy, talc spray, mechanical abrasion, electro-cauterization or injection was administered intraoperatively, and tetracycline intrapleural injection was used postoperatively for patients with prolonged （〉7 d） high-output （〉300 ml/d） pleural effusion. Results： Out of the 12 patients, 8 （67%） had uneventful postoperative course and did not require tube for drainage more than 3 months after discharge. In 4 （33%） patients the pleural effusion still recurred after discharge due to end-stage cirrhosis with massive ascites. Conclusion： We conclude that the repair of the diaphragmatic defect and pleurodesis through VATS could be an alternative of transjugular intrahepatic portal systemic shunt （T1PS） or a bridge to liver transplantation for patients with refractory hepatic hydrothorax. Pleurodesis with electrocauterization can be an alternative therapy if talc is unavailable.

Electrode Wear Prediction in Milling Electrical Discharge Machining Based on Radial Basis Function Neural Network

Milling electrical discharge machining(EDM) enables the machining of complex cavities using cylindrical or tubular electrodes.To ensure acceptable machining accuracy the process requires some methods of compensating for electrode wear.Due to the complexity and random nature of the process,existing methods of compensating for such wear usually involve off-line prediction.This paper discusses an innovative model of electrode wear prediction for milling EDM based upon a radial basis function(RBF) network.Data gained from an orthogonal experiment were used to provide training samples for the RBF network.The model established was used to forecast the electrode wear,making it possible to calculate the real-time tool wear in the milling EDM process and,to lay the foundations for dynamic compensation of the electrode wear on-line.This paper demonstrates that by using this model prediction errors can be controlled within 8%.

Intercostal artery damage and massive hemothorax after thoracocentesis by central venous catheter： A case report

Central venous catheters （CVCs） are widely used in various puncture and drainage operations in intensive care units （ICUs） in recent years. Compared to conventional operating devices, CVC was welcomed by clinicians because of the advantages of easy use, less damage to the body and convenient fixation pro- cess. We came across a patient with severe acute pancreatitis （SAP） who developed cardiac arrest due to thoracic cavity massive bleeding 24 h after thoracoceotesis with CVC. Thoracotomy surgery was carried out immediately, which confirmed an intercostal artery injury. The patient was discharged from hospital without any neurological complications two months later. Here we report this case to remind all the emergency department and ICU physicians to pay more attention to the complication of thoracic cavity bleeding following thoracocentesis conducted by CVC.