膀胱肿瘤多药耐药机制的研究

肿瘤细胞对化疗药物产生耐药是肿瘤难以治愈的主要原因。本文概述了膀胱肿瘤多药耐药的几种可能机制,包括P-糖蛋白(P-gp)、多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、拓扑异构酶Ⅱ(Topo-Ⅱ)等,同时对近年来多药耐药的逆转机制作了简要的介绍。

A Case Report of Left-Sided Headache with Rhinocleisis

A patient, with a complaint of a left-sided headache plus a rhinocleisis for a month, was admitted to our hospital. The clinical diagnosis showed that it was a primary adenoid cystic carcinoma （ACC） of the nasopharynx.At another hospital she had undergone 17 ordinary external irradiations,

膀胱癌术前活检分级低估现象分析

目的探讨膀胱癌术前膀胱镜活检低估病理分级现象的可能原因,为治疗方案选择提供更可靠的依据。方法采用WHO/ISUP 1998病理分级标准,对82例术前膀胱镜活检诊断为膀胱癌、术后病理检查资料完整的患者分级情况进行对比分析。结果82例术前活检标本病理分级为G_1 35例、G_2 28例、G_3 19例,术后标本为G_1 22例、G_2 32例、G_3 28例。活检标本与术后标本病理分级一致54例(65．8%),活检低分级24例(29．3%),高分级4例(4．9%)。低估原因可能与活检钳取部位、组织量以及病理判断上的保守等相关。结论膀胱癌术前活检病理分级较术后低估比例达29．3%,在决定膀胱癌治疗方案时,应充分重视膀胱镜活检存在病理分级低估现象。