相变光盘的膜层计算与分析

利用光学矩阵，计算了记录介质为Ｔｅ４ＧｅＳｂ２四层膜系相变光盘的光学特性参数（如反射率、透射率）及对比度与各层膜厚的关系，给出了理想的膜层厚度值，并分析了各层介质的特性及作用。

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for premalignant lesions and noninvasive early gastrointestinal cancers

AIM: To investigate the indication, feasibility, safety, and clinical utility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the management of various gastrointestinal pathologies. METHODS: The medical records of 60 consecutive patients (34 female, 26 male) who underwent ESD at the gastroenterology department of Kocaeli University from 2006-2010 were examined. Patients selected for ESDhad premalignant lesions or non-invasive early cancers of the gastrointestinal tract and had endoscopic and histological diagnoses. Early cancers were considered to be confined to the submucosa, with no lymph node involvement by means of computed tomography and endosonography. RESULTS: Sixty ESD procedures were performed. The indications were epithelial lesions (n = 39) (33/39 adenoma with high grade dysplasia, 6/39 adenoma with low grade dysplasia), neuroendocrine tumor (n = 7), cancer (n = 7) (5/7 early colorectal cancer, 2/7 early gastric cancer), granular cell tumor (n = 3), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (n = 2), and leiomyoma (n = 2). En bloc and piecemeal resection rates were 91.6% (55/60) and 8.3% (5/60), respectively. Complete and incomplete resection rates were 96.6% (58/60) and 3.3% (2/60), respectively. Complications were major bleeding [n = 3 (5%)] and perforations [n = 5 (8.3%)] (4 colon, 1 stomach). Two patients with colonic perforations and two patients with submucosal lymphatic and microvasculature invasion (1 gastric carcinoid tumor, 1 colonic adenocarcinoma) were referred to surgery. During a mean follow-up of 12 mo, 1 patient with adenoma with high grade dysplasia underwent a second ESD procedure to resect a local recurrence. CONCLUSION: ESD is a feasible and safe method for treatment of premalignant lesions and early malignant gastrointestinal epithelial and subepithelial lesions. Successful en bloc and complete resection of lesions yield high cure rates with low recurrence.

Special diaphragm-like strictures of small bowel unrelated to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

AIM:To summarize clinical,endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic features of special diaphragm-like strictures found in small bowel,with no patient use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).METHODS:From January 2000 to fecember 2009,5 cases(2 men and 3 women,with a mean age of 41.6 years) were diagnosed as having diaphragm-like strictures of small bowel on imaging,,operation and pathology.All the patients denied the use of NSAIDs.The clinical,endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic findings in these 5 patients were retrospectively reviewedfrom the hospital database.Images of capsule endoscopy(CE) and small bowel follow-through(SBFT) obtained in 3 and 3 patients,respectively,and images of double-balloon enteroscopy and computed tomography enterography(CTE) obtained in all 5 patients were available for review.RESULTS:All patients presented with long-term(2-16 years) symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding and varying degrees of anemia.There was only one stricture in ?our cases and three lesions in one case,and all the lesions were located in the middle or distal segment of ileum.Circumferential stricture was shown in the small bowel in three cases in the CE image,but the capsule was retained in the small bowel of 2 patients.Routine abdomen computed tomography scan showed no other abnormal results except gallstones in one patient.The lesions were shown as circumferential strictures accompanied by dilated small bowel loops in the small bowel on the images of CTE(in all 5 cases),SBFT(in 2 cases) and double-balloon enteroscopy(in all cases).On microscopy,a chronic inflammatory infiltrate and circumferential diaphragm were found in all lesions.CONCLUSION:fiaphragm-like strictures of small bowel might be a special consequence of unclear damaging insults to the intestine,having similar clinical,endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic features.

Laparoscopic diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma presenting with pseudoachalasia

Pseudoachalasia due to pleural mesothelioma is an extremely rare condition. A 70-year-old woman presented with progressive dysphagia for solid and liquids and a mild weight loss. A barium swallow study revealed an esophageal dilatation and a smoothly narrowed esophagogastric junction. An esophageal manometry showed absence of peristalsis. Endoscopy demonstrated an extrinsic stenosis of the distal esophagus with negative biopsies. A marked thickening of the distal esophagus and a right-sided pleural effusion were evident at computed tomography （CT） scan, but cytological examination of the thoracic fluid was negative. Endoscopic ultrasound showed the disappearance of the distal esophageal wall stratification and thickening of the esophageal wall. The patient underwent an explorative laparoscopy. Biopsies of the esophageal muscle were consistent with the diagnosis of epithelioid type pleural mesothelioma. An esophageal stent was placed for palliation of dysphagia. The patient died four months after the diagnosis. This is the first reported case of pleural mesothelioma diagnosed through laparoscopy.

Accurate calculation and Matlab based fast realization of merit function's Hesse matrix for the design of multilayer optical coating

To improve the current status of home multilayer optical coating design with low speed and poor efficiency when a large layer number occurs, the accurate calculation and fast realization of merit function＇s gradient and Hesse matrix is pointed out. Based on the matrix method to calculate the spectral properties of multilayer optical coating, an analytic model is established theoretically. And the corresponding accurate and fast computation is successfully achieved by programming with Matlab. Theoretical and simulated results indicate that this model is mathematically strict and accurate, and its maximal precision can reach floating-point operations in the computer, with short time and fast speed. Thus it is very suitable to improve the optimal search speed and efficiency of local optimization methods based on the derivatives of merit fimction. It has outstanding performance in multilayer optical coating design with a large layer number.

Metallic glass formation in the ternary Ni-Nb-Mo system by ion beam mixing

Glass forming ability of the ternary Ni-Nb-Mo system was studied by ion beam mixing of the Ni-Nb-Mo multilayered films.In the experiment,metallic glasses i.e.amorphous alloys were formed in the Ni51Nb19Mo30,Ni52Nb35Mo13,Ni61Nb15Mo24 and Ni72Nb20Mo8 multilayered films,while only solid solutions were obtained in the Ni24Nb29Mo47 and Ni26Nb53Mo21 multilayered films.It turned out that the Ni concentration played a dominating role in affecting the glass-forming ability of the system.Besides,thermodynamic calculations predicted a favored composition region for metallic glass formation,matching well with the observations from ion beam mixing.

First-principles calculation of the structure and the energy of ZrO_2/Al_2O_3 nanomultilayer

The electronic structure, atomic geometry and energetic properties of ceramic nanomultilayer have been systematically studied with first principles density functional theory calculations based on the generalized gradient approximations. It is found that the interface structure and adhesion, which determine the mechanical and thermal properties, are sensitive to the surface mor- phology. We also provide an analysis of adhesion of ZrO2/A1203 interface as a function of thickness of each layer. With the in- crease of ZrO2 thickness, both covalence and ionicity of the interfacial bonds are enhanced, which results in more strongly coupled interfaces while the ionic interaction decreases for thicker Al2O3 layers, which results in weakly coupled interfaces. A first-principles calculation method has been proposed to design nanomultilayer materials to achieve the demanded adhesion.