双螺杆挤压大米-人参混合膨化物制备人参米酒的研究

大米粉中分别添加10%,20%,30%,40%的人参粉,利用双螺杆挤压技术制造大米-人参混合膨化物,以此为原料通过酵母发酵制作人参米酒,并进行理化和感官特性的研究。结果表明,pH值和乙醇含量随人参添加量的增加而上升,总糖含量却下降。色度中L*值随人参添加量的增加而减少,a*值无明显变化,b*值却随人参添加量的增加而增加。感官评价结果表明,人参米酒的颜色得分随人参添加量的增加而逐渐增加,而香气和味道却以添加30%人参的大米-人参混合膨化物最好,综合评价结果也表明,添加30%人参粉的大米-人参混合膨化物最高。因此,从理化和感官特性的角度来看,添加30%人参粉的大米-人参混合膨化物最适合制作人参米酒。

小型谷物膨化机的使用

小型谷物膨化机是一种使用越来越普遍的加工机械,既可以加工食品,又可以加工饲料。谷物经过膨化以后,外形美观,香酥可口、易于消化,在农村受到人们的欢迎。 膨化机的工作原理是利用螺旋工作部件的旋转,将原料挤压、破碎和磨细,同时物料被不断推进,磨擦产生的热量使物料胶化成稀调状,在高温高压下突然挤出模孔,排放在空气中,物料在一瞬间急剧膨胀,形成海绵状的膨化物。

膨化机操作技术

食品膨化机是投资少、见效快、无任何风险的理想致富机器。对膨化机的操作应注意以下几点: 1、开机前,应检查各部位紧固件是否拧紧,并注意机头螺栓必须压平压紧。 2、加工前,应先开机空转1-2分钟预热,并检查运转是否正常。 3、预热后,可少量慢慢加入湿米(以刚好将米拌湿为准),待膨化果出来时,马上连续加入少量干米。由于刚开始温度低,负荷重。

小型多功能食品膨化机的使用

多功能食品膨化机以大米、玉米等为原料,可生产出各种形状的膨化食品。 上型多功能食品膨化机由机体、主轴、螺杆、螺套、机头螺母、皮带轮、切刀、料斗、芯子。

膨化魔芋酥片的研制

1 前言 魔芋精粉的主要成份是葡甘露聚糖,它是一种优良的天然膳食纤维,它具有降低血清胆固醇、减肥、降血压、预防便秘和结肠癌、防治糖尿病等功能但由于它的吸水嘭胀性太强、粘度大,而且有特殊的腥臭味,从而限制了它在食品加工业中的广泛应用。肉联厂具有丰富的猪骨资源,经过超微粒化处理制成新鲜骨浆,其蛋白质、脂肪等营养物质与等量的鲜肉相似,钙、磷等矿物质及其它对人体有益的微量元素是鲜肉的数倍。因此,为有效地利用资源,我们利用糯米、淀粉、鲜骨浆、魔芋精粉、大豆分离蛋白等为主要原料,

关于通货膨胀的本质

政府行为的延续是历史因素,政府行为失误是客观因素,政府行为误导是主观因素。对于经济调整增长的中国来说,通货膨胀的本质集中在政府行为延续和政府行为失误两个方面:

Carbon dioxide-expanded ethanol-assisted synthesis of carbon-based metal composites and their catalytic and electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries

Highly dispersed metals,metal oxides and their composites on substrates have received considerable interest in catalysis and lithium-ion batteries,because of their superior properties compared with their single-component counterparts.In this review,we introduce the properties of supercritical carbon dioxide（scCO2） expanded ethanol,such as low viscosity,near-zero surface tension and high diffusivity.We discuss the deposition procedure and formation mechanism of carbon-based composites in scCO2-expanded ethanol.This method has been used to fabricate several carbon-based composites,such as metal and metal oxide composites deposited on zero-dimensional colloidal carbon,one-dimensional carbon nanotubes,two-dimensional graphene,and three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon.These materials and their performance as anodic materials for lithium-ion batteries will also be reviewed.

Physical and Hydrodynamic Properties of Spherical Cellulose-Titanium Dioxide Composite Matrix for Expanded Bed Adsorption

Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) has been widely used in industrial downstream bioprocessing. Solid matrix is the principal pillar supporting the successful application of EBA. A novel spherical cellulose-titanium dioxide composite matrix was prepared through the method of water-in-oil suspension thermal regeneration. Its typical physical properties were wet density 1.18g.cm-3, diameters in the range of 100-300um, porosity 85.5%, and water content 72.3%. Expansion characteristics and liquid mixing performance of the matrix in expanded bed were investigated using water and 10% (by mass) glycerol solution as mobile phases. The results indicate that the custom-assembled matrix has a stable flow hydrodynamics and exhibits the same degree of liquid-phase mixing or column efficiency as the commercially available Streamline adsorbent.

Microstructure and properties of high silicon aluminum alloy with 2% Fe prepared by rheo-casting

The morphology changes of both Fe-containing intermetallic compounds and the primary Si phase of Al-20Si-2Fe- 2Cu-0.4Mg-1.0Ni-0.5Mn （mass fraction, %） alloy produced by semi-solid rheo-diecasting were studied. The semi-solid slurry of high silicon aluminum alloy was prepared by direct ultrasonic vibration （DUV） which was imposed on the alloy near the liquidus temperature for about 2 rain. Then, standard test samples of 6.4 mm in diameter were formed by semi-solid rheo-diecasting. The results show that the DUV treatment suppresses the formation of needle-like ,β-Al5（Fe,Mn）Si phase, and the Fe-containing intermetallic compounds exist in the form of fine Al4（Fe, Mn）Si2 particles. Additionally, the primary Si grows up as fine and round particles with uniform distribution in α（Al） matrix of this alloy under DUV treatment. The tensile strengths of the samples at the room temperature and 573 K are 230 MPa and 145 MPa, respectively. The coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） between 25 ℃ and 300 ℃ is 16.052 8×10^-6 ℃^-1, and the wear rate is 1.55%. The hardness of this alloy with 2% Fe reaches HB146.3. It is discovered that modified morphology and uniform distribution of the Fe-containing intermetallic compounds and the primary Si phase are the main reasons for reducing the CTE and increasing the wear resistance of this alloy.

Synthesis and property of temperature and pH sensitive xanthan–MA/PNIPAAm hydrogels

A novel class of xanthan-maleic anhydride (Xan-MA)/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hybrid hydrogels was designed and synthesized by solution polymerization. The xanthan-based precursor (Xan-MA) was prepared by substituting the hydroxyl groups in Xan by MA. This Xan-MA precursor was then polymerized with a known temperature sensitive precursor (N-isopropylacrylamide, NIPAAm) to form hybrid hydrogels with a series range of composition ratio of Xan-MA to NIPAAm precursors. These smart hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for structural determination, differential scanning calorimertry for thermal property. And maximum swelling ratio, swelling kinetics and temperature response kinetics were studied. The data obtained clearly show that these smart hydrogels are responsive to the external changes of temperature as well as pH value. The magnitudes of smart and hydrogel properties of these hybrid hydrogels depend on the feed composition ratio of the two precursors. With the increase of the content of Xan-MA the maximum swelling ratio, reswelling ratio and thermo-sensitivities increase, and the feed composition ratio of Xan-MA/NIPAAm increases the maximum swelling ratio augment from 13.88 to 23.21. From XMN0, XMN1, XMN3 to XMN5, the lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) are 33.02, 36.15, 40.28 and 41.92 ℃, respectively. By changing the composition ratio of these two precursors, the LCST of the hybrid hydrogels could also be adjusted to be or near the body temperature for the potential applications in bioengineering and biotechnology fields.

Effect of Replacing Fish Meal with Extruded Soybean Meal on Growth, Feed Utilization and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility of Juvenile White Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

Extruded soybean meal （ESBM） was evaluated as a protein source for partial replacement of fish meal （FM） in diets of juvenile Litopenaeus vannarnei. In the control diet （Diet 1）, FM protein was replaced with increasing dietary levels of ESBM （4.28%, 8.40%, 12.62%, 16.82%, and 25.26%） at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 60% levels （Diets 2 to 6, respectively）. An eight-week feeding trial was conducted on 720 juvenile shrimp （0.67 g ± 0.01 g mean initial Weight）, and nutrient digestibility of the six diets was determined. ESBM could replace 20% of FM without causing a significant reduction in growth of shrimp, but other dietary treatments strongly affected whole body composition. Crude protein content of the whole body fed Diet 6 was significantly lower than that fed Diet 2 （P〈0.05）, while crude lipid content of the whole body fed Diet 5 or 6 was significantly higher than that fed Diet 2 （P〈0,05）. Protein digestibilities of Diets 5 and 6 were significantly lower than that of Diet 1 （P〈0.05）. Digestibility of lipids ranged from 96.97% in Diet 6 to 98.34% in Diet 3, whereas dry matter digestibility decreased with increasing replacement level. This study indicates that 20% FM replacement with ESBM in the basic diet containing 40% protein and 30% FM is optimal for juvenile L. vannamei.

Facile interconversions of topology and aromaticity of expanded porphyrin in solution

The dynamic transformations of conformations and aromatic properties of [32]octaphyrins（1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0） through rotating the pyrrolic ring of the macrocycles are demonstrated by theoretical simulations in CH2Cl2 solution. Facile multistep isomeriza- tions involving antiaromatic-Htickel and aromatic-Mobius topologies were also predicted by density functional theory （DFT）. The understanding of changes in topologies and aromaticities of free-base expanded porphrins may provide useful information to build new macrocycles with unique properties.