After finding the really self-consistent electromagnetic equations for a plasma, we proceed in a similar fashion to find how the magnetohydrodynamical equations have to be modified accordingly. Substantially this is d...After finding the really self-consistent electromagnetic equations for a plasma, we proceed in a similar fashion to find how the magnetohydrodynamical equations have to be modified accordingly. Substantially this is done by replacing the "Lorentz" force equation by the correct (in our case) force equation. Formally we have to use the vector potential instead of the magnetic field intensity. The appearance of the formulae presented is the one of classical vector analysis. We thus find a set of eight equations in eight unknowns, as previously known concerning the traditional MHD equations.展开更多
Sportsmen who engage in sports in open natural settings are not always coherent in their behaviors towards environment; in fact, they seldom are. From survey made on a sport event the ＂Grand Raid 2010＂, a foot race ...Sportsmen who engage in sports in open natural settings are not always coherent in their behaviors towards environment; in fact, they seldom are. From survey made on a sport event the ＂Grand Raid 2010＂, a foot race in mountains of Reunion Island, the authors discover that these sportsmen are not the good activists fighting for a green planet that they imagine they are. The authors try to explain the disparity between the perception that they have of themselves and the reality of their practices.展开更多
Using both the fermionic-kike and the bosonic-like properties of the Paulispin operators σ_+, σ_-, and σ_z we discuss the derivation of Bose description of the Pauli spinoperators originally proposed by Shigefumi N...Using both the fermionic-kike and the bosonic-like properties of the Paulispin operators σ_+, σ_-, and σ_z we discuss the derivation of Bose description of the Pauli spinoperators originally proposed by Shigefumi Naka, and deduce another new bosonic representation ofPauli operators. The related coherent states, which are nonlinear coherent state and coherent spinstates for two spins, respectively, are constructed.展开更多
In this paper, a concept of 'identical problems' of natural convection in enclosures is presented. A pair of problems of natural convection in enclosures is said to be identical if they look different in appea...In this paper, a concept of 'identical problems' of natural convection in enclosures is presented. A pair of problems of natural convection in enclosures is said to be identical if they look different in appearance but with appropriate selection of coordinates and appropriate definition of dimensionless variables for each problem, they will have identical geometric configurations and identical dimensionless governing equations and related boundary conditions. The identical characteristics of a pair of problems of natural convection in enclosures with an internal isolated island are demonstrated via dimensionless mathematical formulation and flow visualization results. Numerical computations are performed and the predicted streamlines agree with the flow visualization results. A number of other possible pairs of identical problems are also presented. Applications of the identical character are provided and assumptions under which the identical problems may exist are discussed.展开更多
Multi-agent systems(MASs) are ubiquitous in natural and artificial systems. This paper aims to establish the finite-time adaptive consensus criterion for a class of MASs with nonlinear dynamics. Traditionally, the fin...Multi-agent systems(MASs) are ubiquitous in natural and artificial systems. This paper aims to establish the finite-time adaptive consensus criterion for a class of MASs with nonlinear dynamics. Traditionally, the finite-time consensus criterion is often established based on the prior information on Lipschitz constants and the eigenvalues of Laplacian matrix. However, it is difficult to acquire the above prior information for most real-world engineering systems. To overcome the above difficulty, this paper develops the finite-time consensus criteria for a class of MASs with nonlinear dynamics via adaptive technique. In detail, we design the finite-time distributed node-based and edge-based adaptive consensus protocols for a class of MASs with fixed and switching topologies. Numerical simulations are also given to validate the proposed finite-time adaptive consensus criterion.展开更多
In this paper,the car-following control problem of nonholonomic autonomous electric vehicles in the curved highway is studied.Owing to the fact that the nonholonomic autonomous electric vehicles have the features of s...In this paper,the car-following control problem of nonholonomic autonomous electric vehicles in the curved highway is studied.Owing to the fact that the nonholonomic autonomous electric vehicles have the features of strong coupling,parametric uncertainties,nonlinearities and external disturbances,a novel integrated adaptive car-following control system is constructed to supervise the longitudinal and lateral motions of vehicles.Firstly,an adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface car-following control strategy is presented to determine a vector of total forces and torque of autonomous electric vehicles,which can guarantee the uniform ultimate boundedness of close-loop control signals.Then,an optimal tire forces distribution law is proposed to dynamically allocate the desired coupled tire longitudinal and lateral forces in real-time.Finally,simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed car-following control approach.展开更多
文摘After finding the really self-consistent electromagnetic equations for a plasma, we proceed in a similar fashion to find how the magnetohydrodynamical equations have to be modified accordingly. Substantially this is done by replacing the "Lorentz" force equation by the correct (in our case) force equation. Formally we have to use the vector potential instead of the magnetic field intensity. The appearance of the formulae presented is the one of classical vector analysis. We thus find a set of eight equations in eight unknowns, as previously known concerning the traditional MHD equations.
文摘Sportsmen who engage in sports in open natural settings are not always coherent in their behaviors towards environment; in fact, they seldom are. From survey made on a sport event the ＂Grand Raid 2010＂, a foot race in mountains of Reunion Island, the authors discover that these sportsmen are not the good activists fighting for a green planet that they imagine they are. The authors try to explain the disparity between the perception that they have of themselves and the reality of their practices.
文摘Using both the fermionic-kike and the bosonic-like properties of the Paulispin operators σ_+, σ_-, and σ_z we discuss the derivation of Bose description of the Pauli spinoperators originally proposed by Shigefumi Naka, and deduce another new bosonic representation ofPauli operators. The related coherent states, which are nonlinear coherent state and coherent spinstates for two spins, respectively, are constructed.
文摘In this paper, a concept of 'identical problems' of natural convection in enclosures is presented. A pair of problems of natural convection in enclosures is said to be identical if they look different in appearance but with appropriate selection of coordinates and appropriate definition of dimensionless variables for each problem, they will have identical geometric configurations and identical dimensionless governing equations and related boundary conditions. The identical characteristics of a pair of problems of natural convection in enclosures with an internal isolated island are demonstrated via dimensionless mathematical formulation and flow visualization results. Numerical computations are performed and the predicted streamlines agree with the flow visualization results. A number of other possible pairs of identical problems are also presented. Applications of the identical character are provided and assumptions under which the identical problems may exist are discussed.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Project)(Grant No.2014CB845302)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2014ZX10004001-014)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11472290)
文摘Multi-agent systems(MASs) are ubiquitous in natural and artificial systems. This paper aims to establish the finite-time adaptive consensus criterion for a class of MASs with nonlinear dynamics. Traditionally, the finite-time consensus criterion is often established based on the prior information on Lipschitz constants and the eigenvalues of Laplacian matrix. However, it is difficult to acquire the above prior information for most real-world engineering systems. To overcome the above difficulty, this paper develops the finite-time consensus criteria for a class of MASs with nonlinear dynamics via adaptive technique. In detail, we design the finite-time distributed node-based and edge-based adaptive consensus protocols for a class of MASs with fixed and switching topologies. Numerical simulations are also given to validate the proposed finite-time adaptive consensus criterion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(GrantNos.U1564208&61304193)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0100900)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant No.2017J01100)
文摘In this paper,the car-following control problem of nonholonomic autonomous electric vehicles in the curved highway is studied.Owing to the fact that the nonholonomic autonomous electric vehicles have the features of strong coupling,parametric uncertainties,nonlinearities and external disturbances,a novel integrated adaptive car-following control system is constructed to supervise the longitudinal and lateral motions of vehicles.Firstly,an adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface car-following control strategy is presented to determine a vector of total forces and torque of autonomous electric vehicles,which can guarantee the uniform ultimate boundedness of close-loop control signals.Then,an optimal tire forces distribution law is proposed to dynamically allocate the desired coupled tire longitudinal and lateral forces in real-time.Finally,simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed car-following control approach.
