自体耳软骨移植在鼻头部支架结构重建中的应用

目的:总结自体耳软骨移植在鼻头部支架结构重建中的应用体会。方法:对于鼻尖扁平、肥大、圆钝甚至塌陷,鼻翼肥厚、外张、后缩,鼻小柱过短、肥大或偏斜,以及单纯假体隆鼻术后效果不佳甚至失败的病例,采用自体耳软骨移植,进行鼻头部支架结构重建以完成鼻头部的美容成型。结果:本组42例患者,随访时间3~18个月,随访次数每例均在2次及以上。鼻头部外形、颜色、手感均满意,无移植体在鼻头部和切口处穿漏现象,无鼻部功能异常现象。供区切口愈合良好,耳廓外形无改变。结论:采用自体耳软骨移植对鼻头部支架结构进行重建,以达到对鼻头部美学缺陷进行最符合生理解剖特点的矫正,是一种适合东方人种的鼻头部整形方法。其供区隐蔽,取材方便,经济实用。同时具有受区移植组织相容性好、外形自然、手感好的特点。

Molecular Biology of Self and Non-self Pollen Recognition in Flowering Plants

Fertilization in flowering plants is completed through several recognitionevents, and the first of which is the recognition of pollen by pistil of female reproductivetissue. Self-incompatibility (SI) is an intraspecific reproductive barrier to prevent selfferitilization and widely distributed in flowering plants. In many species, SI shows simplegenetics and is controlled by a single multi-allelic locus, called the S locus. In gametophyticSI (GSI) exemplified by the Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Rosaceae, a class ofribonucleases, called S RNases, have been shown to mediate the stylar expression of SI butnot the pollen expression of SI. The latter appears to be determined by a gene differentfrom those encoding S RNases, often referred to as pollen S gene. The pollen S gene is thecrucial missing part in understanding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of self andnon-self pollen recognition in flowering plants. Recent genetic analysis of mutationsaffecting the pollen expression of SI has suggested a possible model of how the pollen S geneinteracts with S RNases to achieve self and non-self pollen recognition. Furthermore, wewill present two approaches, S-locus directed transposon tagging and map-based cloning, forcloning the pollen S in Antirrhinum.

BMSCs膜受体CXCR4和CXCR7表达及其在骨创伤修复中的作用

目的 探讨BMSCs膜表面受体CXCR4和CXCR7的表达及其在BMSCs迁移中的作用,为骨创伤修复提供理论依据.方法 选择C57BL/6小鼠经贴壁法培养获得第2代BMSCs,免疫荧光染色法和流式细胞技术检测BMSCs膜表面受体CXCR4和CXCR7的表达.趋化因子CXCL12诱导BMSCs迁移实验分为对照组（无血清培养基诱导BMSCs迁移）、CXCL12组（含CXCL12无血清培养基诱导BMSCs迁移）和CXCR4阻断组（含CXCL12无血清培养基诱导阻断膜受体CXCR4后BMSCs迁移）,统计BMSCs迁移数量,观察CXCR4和CXCR7趋化BMSCs迁移的作用.采用Western blot检测阻断膜表面受体CXCR4后CXCR7蛋白的表达.结果 免疫荧光结果显示大量BMSCs膜表面表达CXCR4和CXCR7.流式细胞仪检测结果显示BMSCs膜表面分子CXCR4的阳性率为96.4％,CXCR7的阳性率为97.3％.细胞迁移结果显示,CXCL12组BMSCs迁移量最高,CXCR4阻断组BMSCs迁移量显著低于CXCL12组但迁移量仍高于对照组（P＜0.01）,而阻断XCCR4后CXCR7蛋白表达升高.结论 CXCR4和CXCR7受体均表达于BMSCs膜表面,在CXCL12调节BMSCs迁移至骨创伤创面过程中CXCR4发挥主要作用.

Construction of multivariate donor-acceptor heterojunction in covalent organic frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic oxidation:Regulating electron transfer and superoxide radical generation

Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have attracted attention as photocatalysts,however,low electron transfer and reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation still hinder their photocatalytic application.In this work,we construct multivariate donor-acceptor(D-A)heterojunctions in the covalent organic frameworks by synchronously introducing electron-withdrawing and donating substituents.Importantly,the optoelectronic characteristics and visible-light photocatalytic performance were improved with the increase of the electron donor carbon chains in multivariate D-A COFs.Combining in‐situ characterization with theoretical calculations,the charge carrier separation and transfer efficiency,•O_(2)–generation and conversion,and the energy barrier of the rate determination steps related to the formation of*OH and*OOH,can be well regulated by the multivariate D-A COFs.More importantly,the ortho-carbon atom of the Br and OCH_(3) group-linked benzene rings and the imine bond(–C=N–)in COF-Br@OCH_(3) were activated to produce the key*OH and*OOH intermediates for effectively reducing the energy barrier of H2O oxidation and O_(2) reduction.This work provides valuable insights into the precise design and synthesis of COFs-based catalysts and the regulation of electron transfer and ROS generation by modulating the electron-withdrawing and donating substituents for highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic degradation of refractory organic pollutants.

Effect of Jianpiyiqi granule on ocular myasthenia gravis in children prepared with a formula from Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Jianpiyiqi granule, prepared according to a Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) formula, on the ocular type of myasthenia gravis(MG) caused by a defect in synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction.METHODS: A total of 155 children with ocular MG were recruited from January 2008 to January 2015.All individuals received ineffective glucocorticoid treatment prior to admission, and were given Jianpiyiqi granules(two doses per day) for 12 months.Plasma levels of acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies(ACh R-Ab), cytokines, immune parameters and clinical score were analyzed.RESULTS: After intervention with Jianpiyiqi granule for 12 months, the levels of cytokines [including interleukin(IL)-6, IL-12, IL-17], immune parameters[including immunoglobulin G(Ig G), Ig M, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine] and ACh R-Ab were sig-nificantly decreased(P = 0.042, P = 0.049, P = 0.011,P = 0.02, P = 0.04, P = 0.03, P = 0.01; F = 21.60, P =0.000). In contrast, IL-4 levels were significantly increased(P = 0.049). The absolute clinical score after treatment declined significantly compared with before treatment(F = 33.24, P = 0.000). The effective cure rate and the total effective rate gradually increased to a maximum of 149(96.2%) and 151(97.4%) in MG patients after 12 months of treatment, respectively.CONCLUSION: The Jianpiyiqi granule treatment lowered ACh R-Ab levels and improved cytokine and other immune parameter levels, which suggests that the granule could be an ancillary treatment for ocular MG in children caused by a defect in synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction.

Enhanced vasoconstriction to α_1 adrenoceptor autoantibody in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Autoimmune activities have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension.High levels of autoantibodies against the second extracellular loop of α1-adrenoceptor(α1-AR autoantibody,α1-AA) are found in patients with hypertension,and α1-AA could exert a α1-AR agonist-like vasoconstrictive effect.However,whether the vasoconstrictive effect of α1-AA is enhanced in hypertension is unknown.Using aortic rings of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto(WKY) rats,we observed the vasoconstrictive responses to α1-AA with phenylephrine(α1-AR agonist) as a positive control drug.Aortic nitrotyrosine levels were also measured by ELISA and immunohistochemistry.The results showed that the aortic constrictive responses to α1-AA and phenylephrine(both 1 nmol L-1-10 μmol L-1) were greater in SHR than in WKY rats.Endothelial denudation or L-NAME(a non-selective NOS inhibitor)(100 μmol L-1) increased α1-AA- or phenylephrine-induced vasoconstrictions both in SHR and WKY.However,selective iNOS inhibitor 1400W(10 μmol L-1) enhanced the α1-AA-induced aortic constriction in WKY,but not in SHR.The aortic nitrotyrosine level was significantly higher in SHR than WKY,as shown by both ELISA and immunohistochemistry.These results indicate that the vasoconstrictive response to α1-AA is enhanced in SHR,and this altered responsiveness is due to endothelial dysfunction and decreased NO bioavailability.The study suggests an important role of α1-AR autoimmunity in the pathogenesis and management of hypertension especially in those harboring high α1-AA levels.