This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in Ch...This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in China, leading to the penetration into oral test contents in dialogue, description or comment, and question answering. Then, a probe into transformation from a spoken document into a textual document is touched on a conversion ratio of 72% adopted at the present time, AEM to be carried forward being a necessary hypothesis for Afterwards, this paper focuses on the pipeline in AEM with the content features and the language itself, which is established in two different models in marking for extraction and detection. Through experiments, this paper reveals the fact that an iB-CET oral test can be performed perfectly in the pipeline of spoken documents transformed into textual documents which can be automatically marked. Hence the design of the iB-CET oral test reaches its reliability and validity.展开更多
To get more insight into using self-assessment in writing instruction, the present study intends to explore the effects of student self-assessment on students＇ EFL writing by adopting writing assignments, analytic sc...To get more insight into using self-assessment in writing instruction, the present study intends to explore the effects of student self-assessment on students＇ EFL writing by adopting writing assignments, analytic scoring rubric, questionnaires and interviews. It is found that students are able to make judgments about the overall quality of their writing in a manner consistent with those made by the teacher and students made significant improvements in content, organization, and mechanics of their writing after the practice of self-assessment while qualities concerning vocabulary and language use have been improved but not to a significant level. Moreover, the study demonstrates that the practice of self-assessment has exerted positive influence on students＇ perceptions of their writing skills in terms of organization, language use and mechanics while it does not result in any change of students＇ perceptions of their writing skills in content and vocabulary. These implications are conductive to working out a set of new models of the teaching of writing and helping further intensify the innovations of Chinese foreign language teaching.展开更多
In In the Castle of My Skin （hereafter Castle） （1983）, the littoral as trope provides a means for discovering Lamming＇s authorial license, one that speaks to postcolonial and phenomenological aims. In this semi-a...In In the Castle of My Skin （hereafter Castle） （1983）, the littoral as trope provides a means for discovering Lamming＇s authorial license, one that speaks to postcolonial and phenomenological aims. In this semi-autobiographical novel, Lamming examines self-awareness and the process through which language and self-analysis may take shape on or be inspired by the shore＇s edge. Through the telling of personal stories, discussions of a colonial history, and with allusions to the social privations affecting the immediate community, Lamming represents the changing realities, the main characters （＂G＂ and his friends） experience as they become socially aware; he highlights this transformative rise to consciousness through the use of littoral imagery in Chapters Six, Eleven, and Fourteen. In this essay, the author explores these representations using postcolonial, psychoanalytical, and phenomenological approaches, giving particular attention to Chapter Six, the longer chapter where Lamming creates a blueprint of the issues to which he will return in Chapters Eleven and Fourteen. Castle epitomizes the ways in which the littoral as trope has the potential to symbolically impact an author＇s text, especially a means for crafting an authorial language that demonstrates a young man＇s rise to consciousness and self-actualization on the shorelines of Barbados before he emigrates abroad.展开更多
Integrating multiple systems into one has become an important trend in Process Systems Engineering research field since there is strong demand from the modern industries. In this study, a stage-wise superstructurebase...Integrating multiple systems into one has become an important trend in Process Systems Engineering research field since there is strong demand from the modern industries. In this study, a stage-wise superstructurebased method is proposed to synthesize a combined mass and heat exchange network(CM&HEN) which has two parts as the mass exchange network(MEN) and heat exchange network(HEN) involved. To express the possible heat exchange requirements resulted from mass exchange operations, a so called "indistinct HEN superstructure(IHS)", which can contain the all potential matches between streams, is constructed at first. Then, a non-linear programming(NLP) mathematical model is established for the simultaneous synthesis and optimization of networks. Therein, the interaction between mass exchange and heat exchange is modeling formulated.The NLP model has later been examined using an example from literature, and the effectiveness of the proposed method has been demonstrated with the results.展开更多
The paper is an analysis of how much success Thai teachers of English have had throughout four decades of teaching English as a Foreign Language （TEFL） and the future direction to take. Thai teachers are aware that ...The paper is an analysis of how much success Thai teachers of English have had throughout four decades of teaching English as a Foreign Language （TEFL） and the future direction to take. Thai teachers are aware that their students are not confident of their speaking abilities. That is why they try to avoid making mistakes in pronunciation and connected speech making as mistakes are taken as signs of inability. It is a common sight in an English class that Thai students prefer to remain in their comfort zone of using the Thai language. Speaking is a productive skill; teaching someone to speak cannot be successfully done through listening to the ＂how to＂ lecture. The author proposes that to dream a possible dream, the teachers need to change their course design to adopt the goals of English for communication and enhancement of soft skills such as networking skill, teamwork skill, self-management skill, creativity, and work attitude. An example of a course design used is discussed with the underlining learning theories for the course, the course organization, and the fruits of this endeavor. This course is adopting the ＂Teach Less and Learn More＂ approach, a route to take for real learning.展开更多
Learner autonomy (LA) has attracted more and more attention especially in the western world since 1970s. In recent years, a considerable number of Chinese researchers have begun to show great interest in LA. However, ...Learner autonomy (LA) has attracted more and more attention especially in the western world since 1970s. In recent years, a considerable number of Chinese researchers have begun to show great interest in LA. However, research on LA with Chinese students has not yet come to any definite conclusion about the applicability of LA in the local context. This study aims to elicit some useful information based on the investigation of Chinese students' attitudes towards LA. The questionnaire is composed of 24 statements, concerning the students' attitudes and perception towards language learning, teachers' and learners' roles, and perception of their capability in language learning. The results indicate that students show positive attitudes towards LA; they have a general desire to be involved in the language learning process and believe in the value of effort and self-discipline. The paper then, based on the results of the study, puts forward a few tentative suggestions as to how to facilitate the development of LA in Chinese pedagogical context. Teachers should transfer more power to students in classroom, and provide more room for student involvement in language teaching. Meanwhile, it is essential to raise students' awareness for Autonomous Language learning (ALL) and enhance their abilities in doing so.展开更多
One of the characteristics of good writing is appropriate use of cohesive devices, which many learners often find difficult to do. Although there is a substantial body of research on cohesion in writing, little has be...One of the characteristics of good writing is appropriate use of cohesive devices, which many learners often find difficult to do. Although there is a substantial body of research on cohesion in writing, little has been documented on how to teach it to EFL students. The present study was an attempt to address this under-researched issue by taking a terminological approach, as the diverse and vague terminology used to describe link words has been found to be more of a hindrance than a facilitator in the teaching/learning process. A total of 16 cohesion-related terms were surveyed to find out about the quality and quantity of their use in a self-built corpus of 14 grammar books of different levels. Furthermore, a test was run to measure students＇ familiarity with these terms, and field-notes were taken while scoring the students＇ papers in their presence. The findings, in addition to giving insights into the usage points regarding each of the 16 terms, led to drawing a terminological network, which, if used consistently, could help in teaching and learning to use cohesion effectively.展开更多
Recent research on academic discourse has revealed the intersection of writing and writer identity construction. However, some terms that are being used in writer identity study are sometimes not only interchangeably ...Recent research on academic discourse has revealed the intersection of writing and writer identity construction. However, some terms that are being used in writer identity study are sometimes not only interchangeably used without making an explicit connection between them but also used in a way that may cause misunderstanding. The paper is intended to tease out four key terms, namely, stance, voice, self, and identity so that the respective role that each plays in academic written discourse can be differentiated on the one hand, and their interrelationship can be clarified on the other. It is hoped that such a panoramic picture can offer some pedagogical implications for academic writing teaching and research and provide some insights into the research on writer identity construction in academic written discourse as well.展开更多
基金The Humanities and Social Sciences Project granted from the Ministry of Education in China(No.10YJA740061,11YJA740121)the Teaching Reform Key Project under Educational Section of Jiangsu Province(No.2011JSJG453)+3 种基金Southeast University Teaching Reform Project for Graduates(No.2010-54)Southeast University Teaching Reform Project for Post-Graduates(No.KJGKT12-06)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2008354)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.6550181821,60975017)
文摘This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in China, leading to the penetration into oral test contents in dialogue, description or comment, and question answering. Then, a probe into transformation from a spoken document into a textual document is touched on a conversion ratio of 72% adopted at the present time, AEM to be carried forward being a necessary hypothesis for Afterwards, this paper focuses on the pipeline in AEM with the content features and the language itself, which is established in two different models in marking for extraction and detection. Through experiments, this paper reveals the fact that an iB-CET oral test can be performed perfectly in the pipeline of spoken documents transformed into textual documents which can be automatically marked. Hence the design of the iB-CET oral test reaches its reliability and validity.
文摘To get more insight into using self-assessment in writing instruction, the present study intends to explore the effects of student self-assessment on students＇ EFL writing by adopting writing assignments, analytic scoring rubric, questionnaires and interviews. It is found that students are able to make judgments about the overall quality of their writing in a manner consistent with those made by the teacher and students made significant improvements in content, organization, and mechanics of their writing after the practice of self-assessment while qualities concerning vocabulary and language use have been improved but not to a significant level. Moreover, the study demonstrates that the practice of self-assessment has exerted positive influence on students＇ perceptions of their writing skills in terms of organization, language use and mechanics while it does not result in any change of students＇ perceptions of their writing skills in content and vocabulary. These implications are conductive to working out a set of new models of the teaching of writing and helping further intensify the innovations of Chinese foreign language teaching.
文摘In In the Castle of My Skin （hereafter Castle） （1983）, the littoral as trope provides a means for discovering Lamming＇s authorial license, one that speaks to postcolonial and phenomenological aims. In this semi-autobiographical novel, Lamming examines self-awareness and the process through which language and self-analysis may take shape on or be inspired by the shore＇s edge. Through the telling of personal stories, discussions of a colonial history, and with allusions to the social privations affecting the immediate community, Lamming represents the changing realities, the main characters （＂G＂ and his friends） experience as they become socially aware; he highlights this transformative rise to consciousness through the use of littoral imagery in Chapters Six, Eleven, and Fourteen. In this essay, the author explores these representations using postcolonial, psychoanalytical, and phenomenological approaches, giving particular attention to Chapter Six, the longer chapter where Lamming creates a blueprint of the issues to which he will return in Chapters Eleven and Fourteen. Castle epitomizes the ways in which the littoral as trope has the potential to symbolically impact an author＇s text, especially a means for crafting an authorial language that demonstrates a young man＇s rise to consciousness and self-actualization on the shorelines of Barbados before he emigrates abroad.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(DUT14RC(3)046)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M551091)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21406026)
文摘Integrating multiple systems into one has become an important trend in Process Systems Engineering research field since there is strong demand from the modern industries. In this study, a stage-wise superstructurebased method is proposed to synthesize a combined mass and heat exchange network(CM&HEN) which has two parts as the mass exchange network(MEN) and heat exchange network(HEN) involved. To express the possible heat exchange requirements resulted from mass exchange operations, a so called "indistinct HEN superstructure(IHS)", which can contain the all potential matches between streams, is constructed at first. Then, a non-linear programming(NLP) mathematical model is established for the simultaneous synthesis and optimization of networks. Therein, the interaction between mass exchange and heat exchange is modeling formulated.The NLP model has later been examined using an example from literature, and the effectiveness of the proposed method has been demonstrated with the results.
文摘The paper is an analysis of how much success Thai teachers of English have had throughout four decades of teaching English as a Foreign Language （TEFL） and the future direction to take. Thai teachers are aware that their students are not confident of their speaking abilities. That is why they try to avoid making mistakes in pronunciation and connected speech making as mistakes are taken as signs of inability. It is a common sight in an English class that Thai students prefer to remain in their comfort zone of using the Thai language. Speaking is a productive skill; teaching someone to speak cannot be successfully done through listening to the ＂how to＂ lecture. The author proposes that to dream a possible dream, the teachers need to change their course design to adopt the goals of English for communication and enhancement of soft skills such as networking skill, teamwork skill, self-management skill, creativity, and work attitude. An example of a course design used is discussed with the underlining learning theories for the course, the course organization, and the fruits of this endeavor. This course is adopting the ＂Teach Less and Learn More＂ approach, a route to take for real learning.
文摘Learner autonomy (LA) has attracted more and more attention especially in the western world since 1970s. In recent years, a considerable number of Chinese researchers have begun to show great interest in LA. However, research on LA with Chinese students has not yet come to any definite conclusion about the applicability of LA in the local context. This study aims to elicit some useful information based on the investigation of Chinese students' attitudes towards LA. The questionnaire is composed of 24 statements, concerning the students' attitudes and perception towards language learning, teachers' and learners' roles, and perception of their capability in language learning. The results indicate that students show positive attitudes towards LA; they have a general desire to be involved in the language learning process and believe in the value of effort and self-discipline. The paper then, based on the results of the study, puts forward a few tentative suggestions as to how to facilitate the development of LA in Chinese pedagogical context. Teachers should transfer more power to students in classroom, and provide more room for student involvement in language teaching. Meanwhile, it is essential to raise students' awareness for Autonomous Language learning (ALL) and enhance their abilities in doing so.
文摘One of the characteristics of good writing is appropriate use of cohesive devices, which many learners often find difficult to do. Although there is a substantial body of research on cohesion in writing, little has been documented on how to teach it to EFL students. The present study was an attempt to address this under-researched issue by taking a terminological approach, as the diverse and vague terminology used to describe link words has been found to be more of a hindrance than a facilitator in the teaching/learning process. A total of 16 cohesion-related terms were surveyed to find out about the quality and quantity of their use in a self-built corpus of 14 grammar books of different levels. Furthermore, a test was run to measure students＇ familiarity with these terms, and field-notes were taken while scoring the students＇ papers in their presence. The findings, in addition to giving insights into the usage points regarding each of the 16 terms, led to drawing a terminological network, which, if used consistently, could help in teaching and learning to use cohesion effectively.
基金supported by China National Social Sciences Grant entitled “A Genre-based Study of the Dynamic Interdiscursive System in Chinese and English Professional Discourse”(NO.17BYY033)
文摘Recent research on academic discourse has revealed the intersection of writing and writer identity construction. However, some terms that are being used in writer identity study are sometimes not only interchangeably used without making an explicit connection between them but also used in a way that may cause misunderstanding. The paper is intended to tease out four key terms, namely, stance, voice, self, and identity so that the respective role that each plays in academic written discourse can be differentiated on the one hand, and their interrelationship can be clarified on the other. It is hoped that such a panoramic picture can offer some pedagogical implications for academic writing teaching and research and provide some insights into the research on writer identity construction in academic written discourse as well.
