3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵的自催化合成及其合成条件优化

以盐酸三甲胺和环氧氯丙烷为原料,利用正交实验的方法合成了活性阳离子醚化剂3 氯2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPTA),通过水蒸汽蒸馏和正丙醇重结晶的方法有效提高了CHPTA产品的纯度;并用元素分析、熔点测定、红外光谱分析及核磁共振分析的方法对产物进行分析和表征。正交实验的结果表明反应温度和反应时间对CHPTA的收率影响较大,优化的合成条件为反应2h,反应温度35°C,环氧氯丙烷三甲胺盐酸盐的摩尔比为1.1,在此条件下CHPTA的收率可达96%以上。

3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵的自催化合成及其合成条件优化

3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPTA)作为反应阳型离子醚化剂广泛用于含有活泼氢基团的高分子化合物如淀粉、纤维素、木质素等天然高分子化合物的改性，另外CHPTA还可以作为合成季铵盐离子活性剂的中间体，作为助剂用于纤维的改性，作为织物抗静电处理剂用于织物的处理，作为基本的原料用于生产乳化剂、分散剂及其它印染助剂。

相转移自催化法合成2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵

用三甲胺盐酸盐与环氧氯丙烷反应,采用相转移自催化法合成了2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵。结果表明,在原料摩尔配比1∶1、反应温度70℃、反应时间3.5h和反应液pH值8.2条件下,产品的收率达到93.1%。并用IR图谱对产品结构作了表征。

Top-down synthesis strategies: Maximum noble-metal atom efficiency in catalytic materials

Top‐down synthesis has been used to prepare catalytic materials with nanometer sizes,but fabricating atomically dispersed metal catalysts remains a challenge because surface single metal atoms are prone to aggregation or coalescence.A top‐down strategy is used to synthesize atomically dispersed metal catalysts,based on supported Ag nanoparticles.The changes of the geometric and electronic structures of the Ag atoms during the top‐down process are studied using the in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction technique,ex situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy,and transmission electron microscopy.The experimental results,coupled with the density functional theory calculations,demonstrate that the electronic perturbation of the Ag frontier orbitals,induced by the Ag‐O interactions at the perimeter of the metal‐support interface,is the driving force of the top‐down process.The top‐down synthesis has two important functions:to increase the number of catalytic active sites and to facilitate the study of complex reaction mechanisms(e.g.,formaldehyde oxidation)by developing single‐site model catalysts.

Synthesis and Characterization of Hollow Titanium Silicalite Zeolite(HTS)

29Si-NMR and 1H-NMR were used to follow up the basic hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate （TOES） and the results showed that species of monomer, dimer, trimer, cyclic and polymer silicates were formed. The monomer and dimer were favorable for the high activity of zeolite. XRD, 13C CP/MAS and 29Si NMR were used to trace the crystallization process of hollow titanium silicalite zeolites （HTS）. The results showed that the induction period of HTS was 80 min, and subsequently it took next 10 min to form HTS and the remaining time of the crystallization period might function for cleaning up the pores and/or washing off the impurities from the HTS zeolite. The catalytic oxidation performance of HTS zeolite is different from that of the acid activity of zeolite in which the conventional definition of crystallinity does not reflect the catalytic oxidation activity proportionally. The synthesized HTS samples were character- ized by XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis and Raman spectra. It was confirmed that Ti was incorporated into the zeolite framework. The synthesized HTS samples revealed good repeatability and high activity for oxidation of phenol into diphenol.

Photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde using mesoporous TiO_2 prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly

The mesoporous Ti O2 has been synthesized by evaporation induced self assembly(EISA) method. The thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetric(TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction(XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM) and N2 adsorption desorption and adsorption are used to study the effects of the synthesized process condition on the microstructure of the as-synthesized mesoporous Ti O2. The photocatalytic performances of as-synthesized samples are evaluated by the degradation of the formaldehyde under ultraviolet light irradiations. The results demonstrate that the as-synthesized mesoporous Ti O2 are anatase with the uniform size about 20-40 nm. The sample is prepared using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as the template with average pore size distribution of 8.12 nm, specific surface area of 68.47 m2/g and pore volume of 0.213 m L/g. The samples show decomposition of formaldehyde 95.8% under ultraviolet light irradiations for 90 min. These results provide a basic experimental process for preparation mesoporous Ti O2, which will posses a broad prospect in terms of the applications in improving indoor air quality.

Tunable synthesis solid or hollow Au-Ag nanostructure, assembled with GO and comparative study of their catalytic properties

In this work, we demonstrated a simple and efficacious two-step method for the synthesis of Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles （Ag@AuNPs） and the Ag/Au hollow nanocages （Ag/AuNCs） with Ag nanoparticles （AgNPs） as seeds by adjusting pH, and the preparation of hybrid Ag@AuNPs- or Ag/AuNCs-graphene oxide nanocomposites （Ag@AuNPs-GO or Ag/AuNCs-GO） based on the self-assembly. It was noticed from the elec- trostatic assembly experiment that the loading amount of Ag/AuNCs on GO nanosheet was more than that of Ag@AuNPs. The as-synthesized hybrid materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, ξ-potential, high-angle annular dark- field scanning transmission electron microscopy, thermo- gravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffraction. Catalytic activities of Ag@AuNPs, Ag/AuNCs and Ag/AuNCs-GO nanostructures were investigated in the reduction of 4-, 3-or 2-nitrophenol to 4-, 3- or 2-aminophenol, and on the basis of comparative kinetic studies the following trend was obtained for the related catalytic activity： Ag/AuNCs- GO 〉 Ag/AuNCs 〉 Ag@AuNPs. These observations were attributed to the simultaneous effects of surface area available for catalytic reaction and composition of the hybrid nanostructures.