广义技术初探——试论技术的四种基本形态

狭义技术属于自然改造的范畴,是人类改造自然、创造人工自然的自然技术;广义技术首先属于实践活动和相互作用的范畴,既包括人类改造自然、创造人工自然的自然技术和人类改造社会、改造主体的社会技术,也包括一切非生命物质所具有的自在技术和一切生命物质所具有的本能技术。自在技术、本能技术、自然技术和社会技术是四种相互区别又相互联系的技术形态,彼此间是阶段性与连续性、历时升迁发展与共时影响互补的关系。

广义技术探析——兼论技术的五种基本形态

广义技术属于实践活动和相互作用的范畴,既包括人类改造自然、创造人工自然的自然技术,也包括人类改造社会、成就思想的社会技术和思维技术,还包括一切非生命物质所具有的自在技术和一切生命物质所具有的本能技术。自在技术、本能技术、自然技术、社会技术、思维技术是技术的五种基本形态,彼此之间是阶段性与连续性、历时升迁发展与共时互补作用的关系,一起构成广义技术的实在内容和完整结构。

A Comparative Study of Taoist and Heideggerian Concepts of Nature From Perspectives of Technology and Deep Ecology

With the theory of existentialism, hermeneutics and phenomenology, this paper carries out profound exploration in a comparative study of Heidegger and Taoist＇s concept of nature and the significance of understanding it. It not only plays an important role in comparison and analogy of eastern culture and western culture in the aspect of civilization and cultural communication, but also helps to take advantage of their theories to support the environmental-friendly movement. Moreover, the text also investigates some controversy in this field and how to solve the problems as well as the meaning of solutions. Both of the theories are significant for deep ecology for their opposing modern technology＇s generally reductionistic and materialistic view of nature.