以自学组织为依托推动大学生思想政治教育的思考

大学生自学组织作为高校学生提高自身理论水平和政治素养,自发组织、自我管理,以学习马克思主义经典理论和马克思主义中国化最新成果为主要内容,并接受高校党组织领导和团组织指导的高层次理论学习型社团组织在高校思想政治教育中具有重要作用,作者在系统梳理分析大学生自学组织的特征、作用和意义的基础上提出以自学组织推动大学生思想政治教育的建议和思考。

高校学生自学组织建设路径研究——以吉林农业大学为样本

大学生自学组织是高校学生为了提高自身政治素养和理论水平,自发组织、自我管理,以学习马克思主义经典理论和马克思主义中国化最新成果为主要内容,并接受高校党组织领导和团组织指导的高层次理论学习型社团组织。进一步发展自学组织,用马克思主义中国化最新成果武装大学生头脑,关系中国特色社会主义事业的长远发展,关系青年一代的健康成长。吉林农业大学大学生中国特色社会主义理论学习实践团的成立,有效地推动了吉林农业大学学生自学组织建设工作的开展,在实践中,创新性地开辟了一条富有特色的育人途径,为继续深化学生自学组织改革,丰富学生自学组织功能起到了一定的借鉴作用。

浅谈高校辅导员对大学生自学组织的辅导

随着大学生自学组织在高校中的不断涌现,影响力的不断提高,大学生自学组织越来越受到关注。由于大学生的理论知识水平还不是很高、对其领悟也不够透彻,因此需要老师对自学组织进行理论辅导及对各项活动进行指导。因此,本文就高校辅导员对大学生自学组织辅导的相关问题进行一下探讨,从而带动大学生自学组织的积极性,使其健康发展。

3D Ice Shape Description Method Based on BLSOM Neural Network

When checking the ice shape calculation software,its accuracy is judged based on the proximity between the calculated ice shape and the typical test ice shape.Therefore,determining the typical test ice shape becomes the key task of the icing wind tunnel tests.In the icing wind tunnel test of the tail wing model of a large amphibious aircraft,in order to obtain accurate typical test ice shape,the Romer Absolute Scanner is used to obtain the 3D point cloud data of the ice shape on the tail wing model.Then,the batch-learning self-organizing map(BLSOM)neural network is used to obtain the 2D average ice shape along the model direction based on the 3D point cloud data of the ice shape,while its tolerance band is calculated using the probabilistic statistical method.The results show that the combination of 2D average ice shape and its tolerance band can represent the 3D characteristics of the test ice shape effectively,which can be used as the typical test ice shape for comparative analysis with the calculated ice shape.

Location of Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Tissues of Natural Cases

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome （HP-PRRS）. [Method] Antigen location and histopathological observation in natural cases infected by highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （HP-PRRSV） were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and H. E. staining. [Result] The virus antigen mainly existed in epithelial calls, and also a few in mecrophages, lymphocytes and brain nerve cells. [ Conclusion] The cell and tissue tropism of HP-PRRSV strain in natural cases is different from that of previous strains.

INVERSE KINEMATICS FOR A 6 DOF MANIPULATOR BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK

A methodology is presented whereby a neural network is used to learn the inverse kinematic relationships of the position and orientation of a six joint manipulator. The arm solution for the orientation of a manipulator using a self organizing neural net is studied in this paper. A new training model of the self organizing neural network is proposed by thoroughly studying Martinetz, Ritter and Schulten′s self organizing neural network based on Kohonen′s self organizing mapping algorithm using a Widrow Hoff type error correction rule and closely combining the characters of the inverse kinematic relationship for a robot arm. The computer simulation results for a PUMA 560 robot show that the proposed method has a significant improvement over other methods documented in the references in self organizing capability and precision by training process.

A novel self-organizing E-Learner community model with award and exchange mechanisms

How to share experience and resources among learners is becoming one of the hottest topics in the field of E-Learning collaborative techniques. An intuitive way to achieve this objective is to group learners which can help each other into the same community and help them learn collaboratively. In this paper, we proposed a novel community self-organization model based on multi-agent mechanism, which can automatically group learners with similar preferences and capabilities. In particular, we proposed award and exchange schemas with evaluation and preference track records to raise the performance of this algorithm. The description of learner capability, the matchmaking process, the definition of evaluation and preference track records, the rules of award and exchange schemas and the self-organization algorithm are all discussed in this paper. Meanwhile, a prototype has been built to verify the validity and efficiency of the algorithm. Experiments based on real learner data showed that this mechanism can organize learner communities properly and efficiently; and that it has sustainable improved efficiency and scalability.

Clinical Outcome of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Infusion via Hepatic Artery or Portal Vein in Patients with End-stage Liver Diseases

Objective To investigate the efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell （HSC） transplantation via the hepatic artery vs. the portal vein for end-stage liver disease （ESLD）. Methods Patients with hepatic decompensation were prospectively recruited from September 2010 to September 2012 to receive HSC transplantation via the hepatic artery or the portal vein. Liver function was examined at 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. Liver biopsy results were analyzed using the Knodell score. Results Eighty patients （58 males and 22 females） were enrolled in the study. The Child-Pugh score was grade B in 69 cases, and grade C in the remaining 11 cases. HSC transplantation was performed via the portal vein in 36 patients and via the hepatic artery in 44 patients. ALT levels decreased while serum albumin levels increased significantly in both groups at 6 and 12 months after HSC transplantation （P〈0.05 compared with pre-transplantation levels）. Total biliruhin levels decreased significandy in both groups at 3, 6, and 12 months after HSC transplantation （P〈0.05 compared with pre-transplantation levels）. Additionally, prothromhin time decreased in both groups at 12 months after HSC transplantation （P〈0.05 compared with pre-transplantation level）. There were no significant differences in ALT, total bilirubin and prothromhin time between the two groups either before or after transplantation. Moreover, Knodell score decreased significantly at 6 and 12 months. Histological examination showed that liver cell edema, degeneration, necrosis, and inflammation were significantly relieved at 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. The incidence of portal vein thrombosis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy were 1.25%, 3.75%, and 2.5% respectively. The one-year survival rate was 100%. Conclusions Autologous HSC transplantation improves liver function and histology in ESLD patients The administration route of HSC has no significant impact on the efficacy of transplantation.

自学考试助学组织实施人力资源规划的研究

自学考试助学组织是在自学考试制度建立以后悄然兴起的一支新生的最具有活力的高等教育力量．发展速度很快．但不均衡，在发展过程中面临着经费不足、教师不足、校舍不足和教育观念不足四大危机。其中．师资的建设与管理尤为重要。随着高等教育的发展，师资的建设对自学考试助学组织的作用越来越重要。本文围绕自学考试助学组织师资流动性强、稳定性差的状况，分别采用SWOT分析方法；经验估计法、趋势预测法等预测方法；管理清单、人力资源管理信息系统和综合运用人力资源规划的原理，提出了在自学考试助学组织中实施人力资源规划中的环境分析、人力资源需求预测、人力资源供给预测和人力资源供求平衡分析的一系列应对措施。从而，实现师资队伍的优化配置。

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia:Evolving concepts on underdiagnosed cause of portal hypertension

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia(NRH)is a rare liver condition characterized by a widespread benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into small regenerative nodules.NRH may lead to the development of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.There are no published systematic population studies on NRH and our current knowledge is limited to case reports and case series.NRH may develop via autoimmune,hematological,infectious,neoplastic,or drug-related causes.The disease is usually asymptomatic,slowly or nonprogressive unless complications of portal hypertension develop.Accurate diagnosis is made by histopathology,which demonstrates diffuse micronodular transformation without fibrous septa.Lack of perinuclear collagen tissue distinguishes NRH from typical regenerative nodules in the cirrhotic liver.While the initial treatment is to address the underlying disease,ultimately the therapy is directed to the management of portal hypertension.The prognosis of NRH depends on both the severity of the underlying illness and the prevention of secondary complications of portal hypertension.In this review we detail the epidemiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,management,and prognosis of NRH.

Natural history of cytomegalovirus infection in a series of patients diagnosed with moderate-severe ulcerative colitis

AIM： To evaluate the natural history of human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） infection in a series of 28 ulcerative colitis patients in whom the search for HCMV was positive. METHODS： A series of 85 patients with moderate-se- vere ulcerative colitis flare-up were evaluated for a HCMV search by performing a haematoxylin and eosin stain, immunohistochemical assay and nested polymerase chain reaction on rectal biopsies. Among 85 screened patients （19 of whom were steroid resistant/dependant）, 28 were positive for HCMV; after remission the patients were followed up clinically and histologically. RESULTS： Among the 22 patients with complete follow- up, in 8 （36%） patients HCMV-DNA persisted in the in- testinal specimens. Among the HCMV positive patients, 4 （50%） experienced at least one moderate-severeflare-up of colitis without evidence of peripheral HCMV. Among the 14 HCHV negative patients, 3 with pouches developed pouchiUs and 5 out of 11 （45%） experienced a colitis flare-up. CONCLUSION： Our preliminary results suggest that HCHV may remain in the colon afber an acute coltis flare- up despite remission; it seems that the virus is not responsible for the disease relapse.

C-type natriuretic-peptide-potentiated relaxation response of gastric smooth muscle in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

AIM: To study the sensitivity of gastric smooth muscle to C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: The spontaneous contraction of a gastric smooth muscle strip was recorded by using physiological methods in rats. The expressions of CNP and natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B) in gastric tissue were examined by using immunohistochemistry techniques in the diabetic rat. RESULTS: At 4 wk after injection of STZ and vehicle, the frequency of spontaneous contraction of gastric smooth muscle was significantly reduced in diabetic rats, and the frequency was decreased from 3.10 ± 0.14 cycle/min in controls to 2.23 ± 0.13 cycle/min (n = 8, P < 0.01). However, the amplitude of spontaneous contraction was not significant different from the normal rat. CNP significantly inhibited spontaneous contraction of gastric smooth muscle in normal and diabetic rats, but the inhibitory effect was significantly potentiated in the diabetic rats. The amplitudes of spontaneous contraction were suppressed by 75.15% ± 0.71% and 58.92% ± 1.32% while the frequencies were decreased by 53.33% ± 2.03% and 26.95% ± 2.82% in diabetic and normal rats, respectively (n = 8, P < 0.01). The expression of CNP in gastric tissue was not changed in diabetic rats, however the expression of NPR-B was significantly increased in diabetic rats, and the staining indexes of NPR-B were 30.67 ± 1.59 and 17.63 ± 1.49 in diabetic and normal rat, respectively (n = 8, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: The results suggest that CNP induced an inhibitory effect on spontaneous contraction of gastric smooth muscle, potentiated in diabetic rat via up-regulation of the natriuretic peptides-NPR-B-particulate guanylyl cyclase-cyclic GMP signal pathway.

From Chaos to Qualia： An Analysis of Phenomenal Character in Light of Process Philosophy and Self-Organizing Systems

The author will propose that qualia--typically understood as the purely subjective and phenomenal elements of experience--are not specifically brain processes, but are instead best thought of as world processes that can be characterized as distributed self-organizing networks of Whiteheadian actual entities. If this is correct, then we need not wrestle with the materialist＇s ＂hard problem＂ of explaining how consciousness can arise from the purely objective particles and forces of fundamental ptiysics, but we will need to explain in what sense microparticles and other physical objects are experiential and objectively real without embracing panpsychism. Since Whiteheadian actual entities have intrinsic natures grounding the subjective and phenomenal aspects of experience, and extrinsic relations grounding objective physical properties, we find that qualia, understood in light of Whiteheadian actual entities, can provide the metaphysical foundations for both the subjective and objective aspects of the world.

Celiac disease markers in patients with liver diseases: A single center large scale screening study

AIM:To study the coincidence of celiac disease, we tested its serological markers in patients with various liver diseases.METHODS:Large-scale screening of serum antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG), and deamidated gliadin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serum antibodies against endomysium using immunohistochemistry, in patients with various liver diseases (n = 962) and patients who underwent liver transplantation (OLTx, n = 523) was performed. The expression of tTG in liver tissue samples of patients simultaneously suffering from celiac disease and from various liver diseases using immunohistochemistry was carried out. The final diagnosis of celiac disease was confirmed by histological analysis of small-intestinal biopsy. RESULTS:We found that 29 of 962 patients (3%) with liver diseases and 5 of 523 patients (0.8%) who underwent OLTx were seropositive for IgA and IgG anti-tTG antibodies. However, celiac disease was biopsy-diagnosed in 16 patients:4 with autoimmune hepatitis type Ⅰ, 3 with Wilson's disease, 3 with celiac hepatitis, 2 with primary sclerosing cholangitis, 1 with primary biliary cirrhosis, 1 with Budd-Chiari syndrome, 1 with toxic hepatitis, and 1 with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Unexpectedly, the highest prevalence of celiac disease was found in patients with Wilson's disease (9.7%), with which it is only rarely associated. On the other hand, no OLTx patients were diagnosed with celiac disease in our study. A pilot study of the expression of tTG in liver tissue using immunohistochemistry documented the overexpression of this molecule in endothelial cells and periportal hepatocytes of patients simultaneously suffering from celiac disease and toxic hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis or autoimmune hepatitis type Ⅰ. CONCLUSION:We suggest that screening for celiac disease may be beneficial not only in patients with associated liver diseases, but also in patients with Wilson's disease.

论自学理论社团在大学生思想引领中的作用发挥

高校自学组织理论社团是建设以社会主义核心价值体系为主导的校园文化中不可或缺的形式,对大学生的思想行为具有重要的影响。近年来,大学生自学组织理论社团已成为引领校园文化建设、学校进行理想信念、道德品质教育的生力军和先锋队。文章分析了如何有效的建设自学组织理论社团,并发挥其引领学生思想的作用。

Science Letters:Human-centered modeling for style-based adaptive games

This letter proposes a categorization matrix to analyze the playing style of a computer game player for a shooting game genre. Our aim is to use human-centered modeling as a strategy for adaptive games based on entertainment measure to evaluate the playing experience. We utilized a self-organizing map (SOM) to cluster the player's style with the data obtained while playing the game. We further argued that style-based adaptation contributes to higher enjoyment, and this is reflected in our experiment using a supervised multilayered perceptron (MLP) network.

Fluorescence microscopy observation of self-organized microstructure formed by a rare earth compound

The morphologies of monolayers containing Eu(TTA)3Phen (TTA=thenoyltrifluoroace-tone, Phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline) were studied at the air/liquid interface on different subphases by fluorescence microscopy (FM). The composite subphase was the basic premise for the stable existence of the rare earth compound at air/liquid interface. The process that rare earth compound phase changes from liquid expanded state to liquid condensed state corresponded to a plateau in the π-A isotherm. In the pure Eu(TTA)3Phen monolayer, rod domains of Eu(TTA)3Phen formed and packed with no order. In the mixed monolayers with stearic acid (SA), phase transition of SA occurred first and formed domains with an electric gradient field, which induced the rare earth compound to form luminescent ring domains. Influence of intermolecular interaction on the self-organized microstructure was revealed.

Integrated risk assessment of complex disaster system based on a non-linear information dynamics model

This paper describes a non-linear information dynamics model for integrated risk assessment of complex disaster system from an evolution perspective. According to the occurrence and evolution of natural disaster system with complicated and nonlinear characteristics, a non-linear information dynamics mode is introduced based on the maximum flux principle during modeling process to study the integrated risk assessment of complex disaster system. Based on the non-equilibrium statistical mechanics method, a stochastic evolution equation of this system is established. The integrated risk assessment of complex disaster system can be achieved by giving reasonable weights of each evaluation index to stabilize the system. The new model reveals the formation pattern of risk grade and the dynamics law of evolution. Meanwhile, a method is developed to solve the dynamics evolution equations of complex system through the self-organization feature map algorithm. The proposed method has been used in complex disaster integrated risk assessment for 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China mainland. The results have indicated that the model is objective and effective.

EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONTROL IN PLANT DEVELOPMENT

Bodies of plants are modularly organized. Development proceeds by adding new modules to open endings with a potential for branching. Each module is autonomous to some extent. Development relies on the self-organized patterns that emerge from the interactions of individual modules. Interactions include both competition and cooperation,and several types of positive and negative feedback loops are involved. Development can be open to external influences, thus enabling the plant to adjust its form to the environment,for example, to the spatial distribution of ecological resources. This paper provides a review on adaptive plasticity in plants.