治疗性沟通对老年脑卒中病人自我感受负担的影响

[目的]探讨治疗性沟通对老年脑卒中病人自我感受负担(SPB)的影响。[方法]采用随机数字表法将60例存在SPB的老年脑卒中病人分夫妇为为两组各30例,对照组给予常规护理及一般性沟通,干预组在此基础上给予治疗性沟通,采用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)评价干预效果。[结果]干预后两组病人SPB总分、照护负担维度、情感负担维度得分以及SPB程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。[结论]治疗性沟通能有效减轻老年脑卒中病人的自我感受负担。

Mental health is as important as physical health: The degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension

Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension in China's Mainland. Methods:The study used the cross-sectional investigation method and the patients were recruited from six tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, China. A convenience sample of 451 elderly patients with essential hypertension was included in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed as well. Results: Results showed that the score of elderly essential hypertension patients’self-perceived burden was 27.96 ± 6.04, which was at medium degree. According to Spearman's r test the anxiety, depression and medication compliance with Self-perceived burden (SPB) of elderly hypertension patients were statistically significant (r=0.372, 0.899,0.438,P=0.000,respectively). Single factor analysis showed that the difference of patients’ gender, place of residence, monthly per capita income, marital status, whether can afford medical expenses and number of complications in SPB scores was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis also showed that anxiety, medication compliance, age and marital status were the main influencing factor of SPB of elderly hypertension patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our care workers should pay attention to the self-perceived burden of elderly patients with essential hypertension, and omnibearing, systematic nursing should be supplied to decrease the self-perceived burden of them.

宽宏,“cogito,ergo sum”的“最确定”表达?——马里翁对笛卡尔“宽宏”概念的分析及其问题

马里翁认为笛卡尔的“宽宏”概念实现了笛卡尔形而上学和道德哲学的结合,超越了笛卡尔在1637年提出的“临时道德准则”;宽宏这种激情作为一种“重视”,既具有自我-感受的特征,又具有非对象性的特征,是笛卡尔的形而上学第一命题“cogito,ergo sum”的“最后的”表达,甚至是一种“唯一严格的”“最确定的”表达。通过对马里翁的论证思路进行补充解释可得出,马里翁在我们对笛卡尔形而上学第一命题“cogito,ergo sum”的第一种理解“我思,我是一个纯粹在思维的东西”之外,提供的是第二种不同的理解:“我思,我是一个身心的统一体。”作为笛卡尔的形而上学和道德哲学相结合的体现,宽宏涉及的是第二种“我思”的内涵,是笛卡尔对“cogito,ergo sum”的“最后的”表达,但很难说是“唯一严格的”“最确定的”表达。