In order to automatically find and conveniently rectify the structural conflicts appearing in a new ontology model version after a series of ontology evolution,we propose an ontology model verification approach,in whi...In order to automatically find and conveniently rectify the structural conflicts appearing in a new ontology model version after a series of ontology evolution,we propose an ontology model verification approach,in which the object constraint language (OCL) and an ontology definition meta-model (ODM) are used to complete the ontology verification.The ODM is composed of the ontology related elements and the definition rule related elements.The OCL is employed to describe the elements in the ontology definition meta-model:OCL extension for the ontology related elements,and OCL extension for the ontological design patterns.All of the above OCL rules will describe the constraint relationships between ontology elements.Associated with an example,the application of the ontology model verification approach based on OCL and ODM is introduced.Consequently,the conflicts happened in the ontology changing and evolution can be easily verified and rectified through this approach.展开更多
Recent investigations have shown that with varying the amplitude of the external force, the deterministic ratchets exhibit multiple current reversals, which are undesirable in certain circumstances. To control the mul...Recent investigations have shown that with varying the amplitude of the external force, the deterministic ratchets exhibit multiple current reversals, which are undesirable in certain circumstances. To control the multiple reverse current to unidirectional current, an adaptive control law is presented inspired from the relation between multiple reversaJs current and the chaos-periodic/quasiperiodic transition of the transport velocity. The designed controller can stabilize the transport velocity of ratchets to steady state and suppress any chaos-periodic/quasiperiodic transition, namely, the stable transport in ratchets is achieved, which makes the current sign unchanged.展开更多
To determine the climate changes that are due to natural variability and those due to human activities is quite challenging,just like delineating the impacts.Moreover,it is equally difficult to ascertain the adaptive ...To determine the climate changes that are due to natural variability and those due to human activities is quite challenging,just like delineating the impacts.Moreover,it is equally difficult to ascertain the adaptive strategies for coping with the climate changes and in particular for developing countries like Kenya.While climate change is a global phenomenon,the impacts are more or less specific to local areas such as observed in Kenyan case.Therefore climate change impacts adaptation strategies are appropriately applicable to a given local perspective.The study investigated the main indicators of climate change and effective adaptive strategies that can be employed in Kenya.Based on online questionnaire survey,the study established unpredictable rainfall patterns as the major indicator of climate change in the country,while water harvesting and change of cropping methods are the best adaptive strategies.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical character istics of intracranial hematoma and the mechanism involved in its rapid natural resolution. Methods:Seventeen cases of intracranial hematoma with typical clinical and CT...Objective:To investigate the clinical character istics of intracranial hematoma and the mechanism involved in its rapid natural resolution. Methods:Seventeen cases of intracranial hematoma with typical clinical and CT manifestations were retrospectively studied. Results:Intracranial hematoma was found obviously decreased in size within 72 h after its occurrence in 8 cases. The rest 9 cases presented co mplete resolution. Conclusions:Rapid natural resolution of acute epidural hematom a is mostly found in teenagers and the resolution is correlated with cranial fra cture at the hematoma site. As for acute subdural hematoma, its rapid resolution is associated with the transfer of cerebrospinal fluid toward subdural space, t he lavage effect, and the compression caused by the increased intracranial press ure or the space left resulting from redistribution of the hematoma in brain atr ophy.展开更多
In order to satisfy the safety-critical requirements,the train control system(TCS) often employs a layered safety communication protocol to provide reliable services.However,both description and verification of the sa...In order to satisfy the safety-critical requirements,the train control system(TCS) often employs a layered safety communication protocol to provide reliable services.However,both description and verification of the safety protocols may be formidable due to the system complexity.In this paper,interface automata(IA) are used to describe the safety service interface behaviors of safety communication protocol.A formal verification method is proposed to describe the safety communication protocols using IA and translate IA model into PROMELA model so that the protocols can be verified by the model checker SPIN.A case study of using this method to describe and verify a safety communication protocol is included.The verification results illustrate that the proposed method is effective to describe the safety protocols and verify deadlocks,livelocks and several mandatory consistency properties.A prototype of safety protocols is also developed based on the presented formally verifying method.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China (the Natural Key Basis Research and Development Plan (Grant No.973:2003CB316905))the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60374071)
文摘In order to automatically find and conveniently rectify the structural conflicts appearing in a new ontology model version after a series of ontology evolution,we propose an ontology model verification approach,in which the object constraint language (OCL) and an ontology definition meta-model (ODM) are used to complete the ontology verification.The ODM is composed of the ontology related elements and the definition rule related elements.The OCL is employed to describe the elements in the ontology definition meta-model:OCL extension for the ontology related elements,and OCL extension for the ontological design patterns.All of the above OCL rules will describe the constraint relationships between ontology elements.Associated with an example,the application of the ontology model verification approach based on OCL and ODM is introduced.Consequently,the conflicts happened in the ontology changing and evolution can be easily verified and rectified through this approach.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10862001 and 10947011the Construction of Key Laboratories in Universities of Guangxi under Grant No. 200912
文摘Recent investigations have shown that with varying the amplitude of the external force, the deterministic ratchets exhibit multiple current reversals, which are undesirable in certain circumstances. To control the multiple reverse current to unidirectional current, an adaptive control law is presented inspired from the relation between multiple reversaJs current and the chaos-periodic/quasiperiodic transition of the transport velocity. The designed controller can stabilize the transport velocity of ratchets to steady state and suppress any chaos-periodic/quasiperiodic transition, namely, the stable transport in ratchets is achieved, which makes the current sign unchanged.
文摘To determine the climate changes that are due to natural variability and those due to human activities is quite challenging,just like delineating the impacts.Moreover,it is equally difficult to ascertain the adaptive strategies for coping with the climate changes and in particular for developing countries like Kenya.While climate change is a global phenomenon,the impacts are more or less specific to local areas such as observed in Kenyan case.Therefore climate change impacts adaptation strategies are appropriately applicable to a given local perspective.The study investigated the main indicators of climate change and effective adaptive strategies that can be employed in Kenya.Based on online questionnaire survey,the study established unpredictable rainfall patterns as the major indicator of climate change in the country,while water harvesting and change of cropping methods are the best adaptive strategies.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical character istics of intracranial hematoma and the mechanism involved in its rapid natural resolution. Methods:Seventeen cases of intracranial hematoma with typical clinical and CT manifestations were retrospectively studied. Results:Intracranial hematoma was found obviously decreased in size within 72 h after its occurrence in 8 cases. The rest 9 cases presented co mplete resolution. Conclusions:Rapid natural resolution of acute epidural hematom a is mostly found in teenagers and the resolution is correlated with cranial fra cture at the hematoma site. As for acute subdural hematoma, its rapid resolution is associated with the transfer of cerebrospinal fluid toward subdural space, t he lavage effect, and the compression caused by the increased intracranial press ure or the space left resulting from redistribution of the hematoma in brain atr ophy.
基金supported by the New Century Excellent Researcher Award Program from Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. NCET-07-0059)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.2011YJS006)+1 种基金the National High Technology Research and DevelopmentProgram of China ("863" Program) (Grant No. 2011AA010104)the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Research Project(Grant Nos. RCS2008ZZ001, RCS2008ZZ005)
文摘In order to satisfy the safety-critical requirements,the train control system(TCS) often employs a layered safety communication protocol to provide reliable services.However,both description and verification of the safety protocols may be formidable due to the system complexity.In this paper,interface automata(IA) are used to describe the safety service interface behaviors of safety communication protocol.A formal verification method is proposed to describe the safety communication protocols using IA and translate IA model into PROMELA model so that the protocols can be verified by the model checker SPIN.A case study of using this method to describe and verify a safety communication protocol is included.The verification results illustrate that the proposed method is effective to describe the safety protocols and verify deadlocks,livelocks and several mandatory consistency properties.A prototype of safety protocols is also developed based on the presented formally verifying method.
