【目的】健康老龄化是世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)提倡的一项优先政策,旨在创造能够支持老年人健康积极生活的环境,提高老年人的健康水平。目前,学界对自然干预措施(nature-based interventions,NBIs)的研究方兴未艾,N...【目的】健康老龄化是世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)提倡的一项优先政策,旨在创造能够支持老年人健康积极生活的环境,提高老年人的健康水平。目前,学界对自然干预措施(nature-based interventions,NBIs)的研究方兴未艾,NBIs日益受到科学家和学者的关注。【方法】采用范围综述的方法探讨针对社区老年人的NBIs类型及其理论框架。运用史蒂芬斯数据库(EBSCOhost)对Academic Search Premier、Art&Architecture Complete、CINAHL Complete、Education Resources Information Center(ERIC)、GreenFILE、MEDLINE 6个数据库进行检索。检索文献的语种涵盖中、英文,但仅检索到英文文献,最终共纳入22篇文献进行分析。【结果】关于老年人NBIs类型的研究成果较为多样化,但仅有3篇文献探讨了理论框架。尽管健康老龄化已被WHO列入全球国家政策议程的关键优先事项,但是检索到的文献都聚焦于个体健康,没有一篇侧重于老年群体的健康促进。【结论】老年人是一个特殊群体,随着年龄的增长,身体机能会逐渐下降,然而他们有着个性化的需求,因此在为老年人制订健康促进计划时需要特别注意。研究人员和从业人员需要把握当前形势,以宏观、系统的视角来审视健康问题。展开更多
Minimally invasive surgery started spreading worldwide in 1987,when the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed.Meanwhile,improvement of endoscopic equipment and instruments allowed gastroenterologists to att...Minimally invasive surgery started spreading worldwide in 1987,when the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed.Meanwhile,improvement of endoscopic equipment and instruments allowed gastroenterologists to attempt more aggressive endoluminal interventions,even beyond the wall barrier.The first transgastric peri-toneoscopy,in 2004,brought to light the concept of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES).The idea of incisionless surgery is attractive and has become a new goal for both surgeons and other people interested in this field of investigation.The authors present a review of all developments concerning NOTES,including animal studies and human experience.展开更多
文摘Minimally invasive surgery started spreading worldwide in 1987,when the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed.Meanwhile,improvement of endoscopic equipment and instruments allowed gastroenterologists to attempt more aggressive endoluminal interventions,even beyond the wall barrier.The first transgastric peri-toneoscopy,in 2004,brought to light the concept of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES).The idea of incisionless surgery is attractive and has become a new goal for both surgeons and other people interested in this field of investigation.The authors present a review of all developments concerning NOTES,including animal studies and human experience.
