自由带电体在电场和磁场中的运动轨迹

正负离子、带电液滴、带电小球在不受到任何约束时,可称为自由带电体。当它们在电场、磁场、重力场同时存在的空间中(俗称复合场)运动时,带电体受到多个场力,应对带电体进行受力分析,结合初始条件便能确定其运动规律。有的问题比较简单,可以在中学范围内定量解决;有的问题则比较复杂,只能在中学范围内定性解释;

Average Bond Energy and Fermi Level on Free Electronic Band Model

On the basis of free-electronic bands, the Fermi energy is calculated by summing the band eigenvalues over Brillouin-zones ,and the results may lead to understand the physical basis of the average-bond-energy model in the calculation of valence-band offsets.