Jane Eyre tries to preserve her self-respect, independence self-sufficiency and rebellious spirit at every stage of her life, both in struggling with social pressure and in resisting the temptation of passion.
The lack of emotional relations is not replaced by the ＂savant＂ characteristics （see Asperger syndrome） but by their immersing into stereotypic instincts. In other words, they compensate their divergent intrinsic ...The lack of emotional relations is not replaced by the ＂savant＂ characteristics （see Asperger syndrome） but by their immersing into stereotypic instincts. In other words, they compensate their divergent intrinsic emotions with imitated convergences （eg., the monotonous ＂convergence obsessed＂ logic of hammering, wringing hands etc.） Today＇s science cannot declare this to be convergent, especially for the fact that psychotic autist patients prove to be weak at convergence, but the male/female proportion reflects on notable facts （with Kanner syndrome it is 3：1 or 4：1, while Rett syndrome only affects females）. Can we declare Kanner and Rett syndromes to be basically female brain disorders？ Asperger-autism has been scientifically considered as a type of ＂male-brain disorder＂ since 199l （Baron-Cohen theory）. The proportion of male-female is approximately 6：1 with this disease. The author would like to demonstrate a very special case, the Asperger-autism as a ＂cognitive autism.＂ It is common to address autistic disorder as ＂pervasive＂ or ＂comprehensive＂ ontogenetic disorders because they affect all areas of adolescent psychological development negatively. But as the expression itself suggests, we are not aware of the specific disorders directly. As it will turn out we cannot deal with autism as on complex disorder, we should rather use the term in plural, i.e., autisms and autistic disorders.展开更多
The literature on disasters mainly focuses on natural disasters and looks at their coverage by the media. The paper argues that armed conflicts are also disasters and that Western relief agencies intervening in natura...The literature on disasters mainly focuses on natural disasters and looks at their coverage by the media. The paper argues that armed conflicts are also disasters and that Western relief agencies intervening in natural disasters and conflict are also proactive communicators. Taking a different approach from much of the available research, it explores agencies＇ communication work in these two types of crises and analyses the differences, challenges and dilemmas that they face in communicating their humanitarianism. It outlines the distinguished inherent characteristics of natural disasters and conflicts, and examines their impact on the understanding of the crises, the perception of affected populations, and the implementation of agencies＇ actions. It also investigates how, in turn, all these features influence agencies＇ communication practices that in natural disasters emergencies and conflict-related crises perform a different role and show different parameters. In this sense, the paper distinguishes between ＂humanitarian communication＂ to refer to the former, and ＂humanitarian advocacy＂ to refer to the latter. The paper briefly explores the operational challenges engendered by the contested interpretations of humanitarian advocacy, shows that the use of the parameters of humanitarian communication in conflict-related crises to overcome these problems caused additional concern, and presents two forms of humanitarian advocacy engendering less challenges and dilemmas.展开更多
The environment in the sense of all the ecosystems on Earth, has been polluted, harmed, and put at risk of degradation to some extent. Nevertheless, the mainstream ethical philosophies have found it difficult to assig...The environment in the sense of all the ecosystems on Earth, has been polluted, harmed, and put at risk of degradation to some extent. Nevertheless, the mainstream ethical philosophies have found it difficult to assign an intrinsic value to the environment itself, and most environmental ethics is based on an ＂enlightened＂ anthropocentrism which values environmental protection for the sake of other humans including the future generations. Philosophically speaking, the concept of moral obligations towards generations, who have not been born yet, can be challenged. This vicious circle is a fundamental issue for ＂environmental ethics.＂ The current paper is an attempt to help correct this broken cycle of arguments using three lines of argument： （1） The harmful impact of human activity on the environment does not benefit all humans; the question is not over the selfishness and short-sightedness of humankind regarding the environment as much as it is regarding ＂environmental＂ justice among humans. The pursuit of self-interest and wealth by some humans, but not all, should not lead philosophers to ignore the insufficiencies of our economic and capitalist systems in the delineation of morally correct human-environment interaction. The right to a livable environment is a universal human right and morality has to support it. （2） The moral obligation of humankind toward the environment is similar to any situation where a party, such as a child, does not have the ability to protect itself or defend its rights; this is the principle of ＂due care.＂ Humans have the knowledge to understand the complexity of ecosystem interrelationships and the harm which industrial activity has caused. Therefore they have a moral obligation to exercise due care to prevent it from being harmed irreversibly. （3） The third argument is concerned with human morality and the spirituality of the environment. It can be argued that the natural instinct of the love of the environment, biophilia, is not a cause but a symptom of the grand spiritual value in the environment, even though this spiritual value may not be confined to humans, but be accrued to all life forms that have and/or show a genuine interest in the environment.展开更多
The traditional prediction methods of element yield rate can be divided into experience method and data-driven method.But in practice,the experience formulae are found to work only under some specific conditions,and t...The traditional prediction methods of element yield rate can be divided into experience method and data-driven method.But in practice,the experience formulae are found to work only under some specific conditions,and the sample data that are used to establish data-driven models are always insufficient.Aiming at this problem,a combined method of genetic algorithm(GA) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) is proposed and applied to element yield rate prediction in ladle furnace(LF).In order to get rid of the over reliance upon data in data-driven method and act as a supplement of inadequate samples,smelting experience is integrated into prediction model as fuzzy empirical rules by using the improved ANFIS method.For facilitating the combination of fuzzy rules,feature construction method based on GA is used to reduce input dimension,and the selection operation in GA is improved to speed up the convergence rate and to avoid trapping into local optima.The experimental and practical testing results show that the proposed method is more accurate than other prediction methods.展开更多
The influence of the family of origin is often described in the aetiology of different psychiatric disorders. The majority of papers concerning the families of autistic children concentrate on the quality of their liv...The influence of the family of origin is often described in the aetiology of different psychiatric disorders. The majority of papers concerning the families of autistic children concentrate on the quality of their lives. The aim of our study was to compare the experiences from the family of origin of mothers of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders （ASD） and from mothers of healthy children. In our study a Family of Origin Scale （FOS） was used. This scale consists of l0 constructs： clarity of expression, responsibility, respect for others, openness to others, acceptance of separation/loss, range of feelings, mood and tone, conflict resolution, empathy and trust. It was a pilot study. The examined group consisted of 9 mothers of children with ASD, the control group-7 mothers of healthy children. We found that both groups differed in a statistically significant way as for the construct called responsibility. Our research was a pilot study and it required further investigations.展开更多
The tide of reform and opening up promotes the rapid development of science and technology in our society, and citizens have not only wimessed great improvement in basic material living conditions, but also have lived...The tide of reform and opening up promotes the rapid development of science and technology in our society, and citizens have not only wimessed great improvement in basic material living conditions, but also have lived a fulfilled spiritual life. Material wealth stimulates self- awareness of rights protection of the citizens, and that＇s the issue of civil rights that we need to carry out in-depth studies on. As important rights of citizens, how can civil rights gain effective legal protection and how citizens themselves fully and effectively exercise the rights are problems asking for attention in the study of civil rights. Civil rights are not only the issue of inherence and existence, and we should also pay attention to its development or whether there is sustainable development. Moreover, how long this sustainability could last is also the issue of sustainable civil rights this thesis is going to discuss.展开更多
The Lithuania 2011 Childhood is not just a product of human development but also a product of society＇s educational and spiritual culture development. This paper aims to disclose how nowadays the family helps the chi...The Lithuania 2011 Childhood is not just a product of human development but also a product of society＇s educational and spiritual culture development. This paper aims to disclose how nowadays the family helps the child to develop adaptation instruments which would help to adapt to the society in a micromacro environment, to show what helps the child to become a member of a social group, of the society, what adaptation problems arise during the childhood. Problems of school adaptation of the first-formers have not been properly assessed and analysed so far, though they foresee the future. No proper attention has been paid to the development of the harmonious personality during the pre-school period and to the correction of their adaptation during the firstschool year. The paper deals with the child＇s experiences of the pre-school period as the factor influencing school adaptation in the first form. Variety and quality of children＇s experiences are directly related and most of all depend on the family of the spiritual institution, so its impact is the strongest in terms of the development of the child＇s personality. The goal is to disclose the importance of selfdevelopment in childhood, which determines future success. The object is selfdevelopment during childhood today in the Lithuania. Methods of investigation are： the analysis of pedagogical, psychological, philosophical literature; the analysis of empiri.cal researches and statistic data; and the method of observation. The hypothesis is： The cause of the firstformers＇ school adaptation difficulties incompletely realised adaptation potential during the preschool period.展开更多
Chinese traditional culture is a valuable asset, and we must continue to inherit and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation. This paper discusses the impact of packaging design in aspects of ...Chinese traditional culture is a valuable asset, and we must continue to inherit and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation. This paper discusses the impact of packaging design in aspects of colors, graphics, materials, one by one. Color is the most direct visual language, giving a deep impression. The use of traditional patterns can reflect the national spirit and national culture. People can also generate intimacy, affecting the consumer＇ s desire to purchase. The national characteristic of the goods has a strong aesthetic characteristic, can reflect national pride. Traditional culture input a lot of fresh blood into China＇ s packaging design, with the combination of modem packaging. China＇ s Marriage is formed in a long historical and cultural heritage of the Chinese nation; its source can be traced back several hundred thousand years ago. But the wedding industry rises in recent decades, with the rapid social development of new era, commercial activities have become increasingly frequent, wedding gift packaging design requirements have been increased from the basic material needs to spiritual needs. I think if the wedding gift wrapping design wants to be competitive on the market; it needs to create a new personal design philosophy.展开更多
Nowadays human society enters the 21st century, with the rapid economic and technological development, people＇s material and spiritual requirements has got great satisfaction. However, natural environmental damage br...Nowadays human society enters the 21st century, with the rapid economic and technological development, people＇s material and spiritual requirements has got great satisfaction. However, natural environmental damage brought by us is also accelerating. Natural disasters happen frequently, including ecological degradation and deterioration, energy resources crisis, greenhouse effect, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes etc. The global crisis has once again waken-up call to mankind. How to properly solve these crises had become a common and urgent responsibility of mankind. This paper will mainly discuss and seek some new potential methods in solving energy crisis and environmental problems from the perspective of automotive and architecture design. As an architect, how to avoid light pollution and reduce heat absorption of roof, increasing heat reflectance of roof are becoming their main and urgent responsibilities. On the other hand, reducing greenhouse effect, researching and developing new low-carbon, low-emission fuel sources are also becoming automotive designers＇ obligations. Living in harmony with nature ＆ earth is becoming the common human themes of the 21 st century.展开更多
文摘Jane Eyre tries to preserve her self-respect, independence self-sufficiency and rebellious spirit at every stage of her life, both in struggling with social pressure and in resisting the temptation of passion.
文摘The lack of emotional relations is not replaced by the ＂savant＂ characteristics （see Asperger syndrome） but by their immersing into stereotypic instincts. In other words, they compensate their divergent intrinsic emotions with imitated convergences （eg., the monotonous ＂convergence obsessed＂ logic of hammering, wringing hands etc.） Today＇s science cannot declare this to be convergent, especially for the fact that psychotic autist patients prove to be weak at convergence, but the male/female proportion reflects on notable facts （with Kanner syndrome it is 3：1 or 4：1, while Rett syndrome only affects females）. Can we declare Kanner and Rett syndromes to be basically female brain disorders？ Asperger-autism has been scientifically considered as a type of ＂male-brain disorder＂ since 199l （Baron-Cohen theory）. The proportion of male-female is approximately 6：1 with this disease. The author would like to demonstrate a very special case, the Asperger-autism as a ＂cognitive autism.＂ It is common to address autistic disorder as ＂pervasive＂ or ＂comprehensive＂ ontogenetic disorders because they affect all areas of adolescent psychological development negatively. But as the expression itself suggests, we are not aware of the specific disorders directly. As it will turn out we cannot deal with autism as on complex disorder, we should rather use the term in plural, i.e., autisms and autistic disorders.
文摘The literature on disasters mainly focuses on natural disasters and looks at their coverage by the media. The paper argues that armed conflicts are also disasters and that Western relief agencies intervening in natural disasters and conflict are also proactive communicators. Taking a different approach from much of the available research, it explores agencies＇ communication work in these two types of crises and analyses the differences, challenges and dilemmas that they face in communicating their humanitarianism. It outlines the distinguished inherent characteristics of natural disasters and conflicts, and examines their impact on the understanding of the crises, the perception of affected populations, and the implementation of agencies＇ actions. It also investigates how, in turn, all these features influence agencies＇ communication practices that in natural disasters emergencies and conflict-related crises perform a different role and show different parameters. In this sense, the paper distinguishes between ＂humanitarian communication＂ to refer to the former, and ＂humanitarian advocacy＂ to refer to the latter. The paper briefly explores the operational challenges engendered by the contested interpretations of humanitarian advocacy, shows that the use of the parameters of humanitarian communication in conflict-related crises to overcome these problems caused additional concern, and presents two forms of humanitarian advocacy engendering less challenges and dilemmas.
文摘The environment in the sense of all the ecosystems on Earth, has been polluted, harmed, and put at risk of degradation to some extent. Nevertheless, the mainstream ethical philosophies have found it difficult to assign an intrinsic value to the environment itself, and most environmental ethics is based on an ＂enlightened＂ anthropocentrism which values environmental protection for the sake of other humans including the future generations. Philosophically speaking, the concept of moral obligations towards generations, who have not been born yet, can be challenged. This vicious circle is a fundamental issue for ＂environmental ethics.＂ The current paper is an attempt to help correct this broken cycle of arguments using three lines of argument： （1） The harmful impact of human activity on the environment does not benefit all humans; the question is not over the selfishness and short-sightedness of humankind regarding the environment as much as it is regarding ＂environmental＂ justice among humans. The pursuit of self-interest and wealth by some humans, but not all, should not lead philosophers to ignore the insufficiencies of our economic and capitalist systems in the delineation of morally correct human-environment interaction. The right to a livable environment is a universal human right and morality has to support it. （2） The moral obligation of humankind toward the environment is similar to any situation where a party, such as a child, does not have the ability to protect itself or defend its rights; this is the principle of ＂due care.＂ Humans have the knowledge to understand the complexity of ecosystem interrelationships and the harm which industrial activity has caused. Therefore they have a moral obligation to exercise due care to prevent it from being harmed irreversibly. （3） The third argument is concerned with human morality and the spirituality of the environment. It can be argued that the natural instinct of the love of the environment, biophilia, is not a cause but a symptom of the grand spiritual value in the environment, even though this spiritual value may not be confined to humans, but be accrued to all life forms that have and/or show a genuine interest in the environment.
基金Projects(2007AA041401,2007AA04Z194) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘The traditional prediction methods of element yield rate can be divided into experience method and data-driven method.But in practice,the experience formulae are found to work only under some specific conditions,and the sample data that are used to establish data-driven models are always insufficient.Aiming at this problem,a combined method of genetic algorithm(GA) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) is proposed and applied to element yield rate prediction in ladle furnace(LF).In order to get rid of the over reliance upon data in data-driven method and act as a supplement of inadequate samples,smelting experience is integrated into prediction model as fuzzy empirical rules by using the improved ANFIS method.For facilitating the combination of fuzzy rules,feature construction method based on GA is used to reduce input dimension,and the selection operation in GA is improved to speed up the convergence rate and to avoid trapping into local optima.The experimental and practical testing results show that the proposed method is more accurate than other prediction methods.
文摘The influence of the family of origin is often described in the aetiology of different psychiatric disorders. The majority of papers concerning the families of autistic children concentrate on the quality of their lives. The aim of our study was to compare the experiences from the family of origin of mothers of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders （ASD） and from mothers of healthy children. In our study a Family of Origin Scale （FOS） was used. This scale consists of l0 constructs： clarity of expression, responsibility, respect for others, openness to others, acceptance of separation/loss, range of feelings, mood and tone, conflict resolution, empathy and trust. It was a pilot study. The examined group consisted of 9 mothers of children with ASD, the control group-7 mothers of healthy children. We found that both groups differed in a statistically significant way as for the construct called responsibility. Our research was a pilot study and it required further investigations.
文摘The tide of reform and opening up promotes the rapid development of science and technology in our society, and citizens have not only wimessed great improvement in basic material living conditions, but also have lived a fulfilled spiritual life. Material wealth stimulates self- awareness of rights protection of the citizens, and that＇s the issue of civil rights that we need to carry out in-depth studies on. As important rights of citizens, how can civil rights gain effective legal protection and how citizens themselves fully and effectively exercise the rights are problems asking for attention in the study of civil rights. Civil rights are not only the issue of inherence and existence, and we should also pay attention to its development or whether there is sustainable development. Moreover, how long this sustainability could last is also the issue of sustainable civil rights this thesis is going to discuss.
文摘The Lithuania 2011 Childhood is not just a product of human development but also a product of society＇s educational and spiritual culture development. This paper aims to disclose how nowadays the family helps the child to develop adaptation instruments which would help to adapt to the society in a micromacro environment, to show what helps the child to become a member of a social group, of the society, what adaptation problems arise during the childhood. Problems of school adaptation of the first-formers have not been properly assessed and analysed so far, though they foresee the future. No proper attention has been paid to the development of the harmonious personality during the pre-school period and to the correction of their adaptation during the firstschool year. The paper deals with the child＇s experiences of the pre-school period as the factor influencing school adaptation in the first form. Variety and quality of children＇s experiences are directly related and most of all depend on the family of the spiritual institution, so its impact is the strongest in terms of the development of the child＇s personality. The goal is to disclose the importance of selfdevelopment in childhood, which determines future success. The object is selfdevelopment during childhood today in the Lithuania. Methods of investigation are： the analysis of pedagogical, psychological, philosophical literature; the analysis of empiri.cal researches and statistic data; and the method of observation. The hypothesis is： The cause of the firstformers＇ school adaptation difficulties incompletely realised adaptation potential during the preschool period.
文摘Chinese traditional culture is a valuable asset, and we must continue to inherit and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation. This paper discusses the impact of packaging design in aspects of colors, graphics, materials, one by one. Color is the most direct visual language, giving a deep impression. The use of traditional patterns can reflect the national spirit and national culture. People can also generate intimacy, affecting the consumer＇ s desire to purchase. The national characteristic of the goods has a strong aesthetic characteristic, can reflect national pride. Traditional culture input a lot of fresh blood into China＇ s packaging design, with the combination of modem packaging. China＇ s Marriage is formed in a long historical and cultural heritage of the Chinese nation; its source can be traced back several hundred thousand years ago. But the wedding industry rises in recent decades, with the rapid social development of new era, commercial activities have become increasingly frequent, wedding gift packaging design requirements have been increased from the basic material needs to spiritual needs. I think if the wedding gift wrapping design wants to be competitive on the market; it needs to create a new personal design philosophy.
文摘Nowadays human society enters the 21st century, with the rapid economic and technological development, people＇s material and spiritual requirements has got great satisfaction. However, natural environmental damage brought by us is also accelerating. Natural disasters happen frequently, including ecological degradation and deterioration, energy resources crisis, greenhouse effect, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes etc. The global crisis has once again waken-up call to mankind. How to properly solve these crises had become a common and urgent responsibility of mankind. This paper will mainly discuss and seek some new potential methods in solving energy crisis and environmental problems from the perspective of automotive and architecture design. As an architect, how to avoid light pollution and reduce heat absorption of roof, increasing heat reflectance of roof are becoming their main and urgent responsibilities. On the other hand, reducing greenhouse effect, researching and developing new low-carbon, low-emission fuel sources are also becoming automotive designers＇ obligations. Living in harmony with nature ＆ earth is becoming the common human themes of the 21 st century.
