Since the beginning of the 21st century,major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide.To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes,in this study,the statistical analysis method of correlation is...Since the beginning of the 21st century,major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide.To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes,in this study,the statistical analysis method of correlation is used to systematically analyze the effects of astronomical factors,such as solar activity,Earth’s rotation,lunar declination angle,celestial tidal force,and other phenomena on M≥8 global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.With regard to solar activity,this study focuses on the analysis of the 11-year and century cycles of solar activity.The causal relationship of the Earth’s rotation is not obvious in this work and previous works;in contrast,the valley period of the solar activity century cycle may be an important astronomical factor leading to the frequent occurrence of global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.This topic warrants further study.展开更多
A juvenile specimen of the black turtle, Chelonia mydas agassizii, was located in the shores of Cabo Tamar Island in the western entrance of the Strait of Magellan, Chile. A king crab angler found the specimen, and do...A juvenile specimen of the black turtle, Chelonia mydas agassizii, was located in the shores of Cabo Tamar Island in the western entrance of the Strait of Magellan, Chile. A king crab angler found the specimen, and donated it to the Río Seco Natural History Museum’s vertebrate collection for further studies and exhibition. Morphological measurements and a genetic analysis derived from an mtDNA fragment amplified and sequenced, suggest that this specimen corresponds to the species Chelonia mydas agassiizii and that it is closely related to the Galapagos Islands black turtle population. Possible influences of the El Ni？o Southern Oscillation phenomenon on this tropical species in the Eastern South Pacific Ocean are briefly discussed.展开更多
The Southern Annular Mode(SAM)is the leading mode of atmospheric variability in the mid–high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere,representing large-scale variations in pressure and the polar front jet(PFJ).In SAM ev...The Southern Annular Mode(SAM)is the leading mode of atmospheric variability in the mid–high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere,representing large-scale variations in pressure and the polar front jet(PFJ).In SAM events,the combination of the SAM and other modes may result in different atmospheric patterns.In this study,a neural-network-based cluster technique,the self-organizing map,was applied to extract the distinct patterns of SAM events on the monthly time scale based on geopotential height anomalies at 500 hPa.Four pairs of distinguishable patterns of positive and negative SAM events were identified,representing the diversity in spatial distribution,especially the zonal symmetry of the center of action at high latitudes—that is,symmetric patterns,split-center patterns,West Antarctica patterns,and a tripole pattern.Although the SAM is well known to be beltshaped,within the selected SAM events,the occurrence frequency of symmetric patterns is only 23.8%—less than that of West Antarctica patterns.Diverse PFJ variations were found in the symmetric and asymmetric patterns of SAM events.The more asymmetric the spatial distribution of the pressure anomaly,the more localized the adjusted zonal wind anomaly.The adjusted PFJ varied in meridional displacement and strength in different patterns of SAM events.In addition,the entrance and exit of the jet changed in most of the patterns,especially in the asymmetric patterns,which might result in different climate impacts of the SAM.展开更多
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide.To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes,in this study,the statistical analysis method of correlation is used to systematically analyze the effects of astronomical factors,such as solar activity,Earth’s rotation,lunar declination angle,celestial tidal force,and other phenomena on M≥8 global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.With regard to solar activity,this study focuses on the analysis of the 11-year and century cycles of solar activity.The causal relationship of the Earth’s rotation is not obvious in this work and previous works;in contrast,the valley period of the solar activity century cycle may be an important astronomical factor leading to the frequent occurrence of global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.This topic warrants further study.
文摘A juvenile specimen of the black turtle, Chelonia mydas agassizii, was located in the shores of Cabo Tamar Island in the western entrance of the Strait of Magellan, Chile. A king crab angler found the specimen, and donated it to the Río Seco Natural History Museum’s vertebrate collection for further studies and exhibition. Morphological measurements and a genetic analysis derived from an mtDNA fragment amplified and sequenced, suggest that this specimen corresponds to the species Chelonia mydas agassiizii and that it is closely related to the Galapagos Islands black turtle population. Possible influences of the El Ni？o Southern Oscillation phenomenon on this tropical species in the Eastern South Pacific Ocean are briefly discussed.
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 42088101 and 42175019]Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies[grant number 2020B1212060025].
文摘The Southern Annular Mode(SAM)is the leading mode of atmospheric variability in the mid–high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere,representing large-scale variations in pressure and the polar front jet(PFJ).In SAM events,the combination of the SAM and other modes may result in different atmospheric patterns.In this study,a neural-network-based cluster technique,the self-organizing map,was applied to extract the distinct patterns of SAM events on the monthly time scale based on geopotential height anomalies at 500 hPa.Four pairs of distinguishable patterns of positive and negative SAM events were identified,representing the diversity in spatial distribution,especially the zonal symmetry of the center of action at high latitudes—that is,symmetric patterns,split-center patterns,West Antarctica patterns,and a tripole pattern.Although the SAM is well known to be beltshaped,within the selected SAM events,the occurrence frequency of symmetric patterns is only 23.8%—less than that of West Antarctica patterns.Diverse PFJ variations were found in the symmetric and asymmetric patterns of SAM events.The more asymmetric the spatial distribution of the pressure anomaly,the more localized the adjusted zonal wind anomaly.The adjusted PFJ varied in meridional displacement and strength in different patterns of SAM events.In addition,the entrance and exit of the jet changed in most of the patterns,especially in the asymmetric patterns,which might result in different climate impacts of the SAM.
