论苏轼尺牍的文体特征

苏轼是"全能文学家",在诗、词、文各个领域都有创新。900多年来,人们对苏诗、苏词多有微词,但对苏文没有多少争议,这是个有趣的现象。早在徽宗朝禁毁苏集时,李之仪就说:"东坡老人,未可轻议。虽时所禁,要亦不得而舍。"王十朋也说:"不学文则已,学文而不韩、柳、欧、苏是观,诵读虽博,未有不陋者也。"由此可见,苏文的艺术价值得到了历代批评家的首肯。苏轼的尺牍虽可列入广义的散文之列,但与苏轼的其他散文相比,又独具实用性。

苏轼循物之理的创作思想

苏轼认为,万事万物都有“必然之理”(内在规律),循物理是他创作的基本思想,体现在他重理、知理、达理三方面。他以“一理”作为批评的主要标准,取代前人的“法”“品”“格”,强调创作要在实践中自然地体会、掌握“理”,以变化的眼光体会“常理”,认为达理的技巧,也必须在对“理”的实践中同时掌握,达到相通相融的忘我境界。苏轼这一思想以道佛为主导,回异于唐代以儒家为主导文艺思想,形成宋代以他为首的自然、清新、活泼的创作风格,也带来了理论上忽视主体创造性、拘泥物理的不足。

A study on the feasibility of CET oral test based on automatic essay marking

This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in China, leading to the penetration into oral test contents in dialogue, description or comment, and question answering. Then, a probe into transformation from a spoken document into a textual document is touched on a conversion ratio of 72% adopted at the present time, AEM to be carried forward being a necessary hypothesis for Afterwards, this paper focuses on the pipeline in AEM with the content features and the language itself, which is established in two different models in marking for extraction and detection. Through experiments, this paper reveals the fact that an iB-CET oral test can be performed perfectly in the pipeline of spoken documents transformed into textual documents which can be automatically marked. Hence the design of the iB-CET oral test reaches its reliability and validity.

美是生命力的表现

“美”是什么?对于这样一个诱人的微妙而又复杂的命题,古往今来众多哲人学者已探索了二千多年、争论了二十多个世纪,依然未能找到一个确切的答案——一个科学的定义.回顾探索者的足迹,他们之中有的曾经步入迷途,有的曾经陷入泥淖,有的曾经哗中取宠、炫赫一时,有的则曾经披荆斩棘、浑身创伤……尽管如此,人类对“美”的认识毕竟日趋准确、日益接近真理的大门.

Women＇s repression, rebellion and quest for the ＂true self＂： Theyellow wallpaper as the epitome of the female Gothic novel

As a genre that expressed women＇s dark protests, fantasies and the fear, female Gothic was not theorized until the late 1960s, and before its theorization, this convention was adopted by many women writers in their works. Charlotte Perkins Gilman＇s The yellow wallpaper is one of the many examples. As the epitome of female gothic, The yellow wallpaper utilized the female gothic conventions--the grotesque symbol of yellow wallpaper, the hysteric narrative format and the archetype image of madwoman, to express women＇s status of her time--their repression, rebellion and quest for the ＂true self＂.

Route evaluation indexes of Changsha-Jishou freeway for protecting cultural heritages and natural environment

The highway construction inevitably may cause certain influence to the cultural heritage and the natural environment along the route, particularly in design stage; if the route selection is unreasonable, it will certainly impact the natural resource seriously along the route. On the contrary, good design can reasonably develop, use, protect and promote the value of cultural heritage and natural environment. Changsha to Jishou （Chang-Ji） freeway is one section of Changsha to Chongqing freeway, which is one of the eight big west channels as planned in China; two cities of Changde and Huaihua and one autonomous region of Xianxi in western Hunan province, along which the cultural heritage and the natural resource are rich, and the natural landscape is exquisite. This paper investigates and analyzes the natural resources along the route of Chang-Ji freeway, puts forward some protection design evaluation indexes for mountain area freeway by the thought of context sensitive design. At last, the paper introduces the effect of applying the indexes to select route of Chang-Ji freeway.

Causes of Pecola＇s Tragedy in The Bluest Eye

Toni Morrison has a unique status in American literature. She is the winner of the National Book Critic Circle Award, the Pulitzer for Fiction and many other literary awards. She was granted the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993, thus becoming the first A^can-American writer to receive this honor. Her first novel The Bluest Eye （1970） tells the story of the bitter and tragic experience suffered by Pecola, a little black girl, and loss of black people＇s self-respect, confidence, value, and culture. The present paper, first of all, gives a brief introduction of the story Then the paper explores the root causes of Pecola＇s tragedy from two aspects： The cause of racial oppression and self-hatred, and the cause of the loss in her independent consciousness. The paper concludes that Pecola is the victim and scapegoat of racial oppression, self-hatred and the loss of her independent consciousness existing in the black community

Scaffolding Students’ Self-Assessment of Their English Essays with Annotated Samples: A Mixed-Methods Study

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of rubric-referenced student self-assessment(SSA)on students’English essay writing by employing a two-group pre-post-quasi-experimental research design.The method was tested on 54 students at a Chinese university.During a 17-week experiment,the experimental group(EG)received the rubric and annotated samples,while the comparison group(CG)received only the rubric in self-assessment.Data sources included students’scores in the pre-test and post-test and interviews.Quantitative findings indicated that the EG made significantly stronger progress than the CG in the post-test.Interview results suggested that annotation-based rubric-referenced SSA can help students understand the task requirements,initiate their self-regulatory behaviors,and improve their self-assessment confidence,although students still wanted to receive assistance from teachers partly due to the Confucian-heritage culture settings in China.The findings are discussed in terms of the design features of sample annotations within the framework of self-regulated learning(SRL),as well as the implications of using this method in the classroom.

The Impact of Online Automated Writing Evaluation:A Case Study from Dalian

Automated writing evaluation （AWE） technology is being adopted in classrooms in China and the USA. This paper presents the results of a case study of the application of AWE in Dalian, China. The quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2010 in Chinese middle school English language classrooms. An effect size of 0.30 was found in favor of the experimental group using AWE as an online formative assessment. Student survey responses and teacher observations are presented as convergent evidence to illustrate the impact AWE technology has on teachers, students, and student achievement in English writing.